paragnathn.

Brit.

/ˈparəɡnaθ/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrə(ɡ)ˌnæθ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, -gnath comb. form.

Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + -gnath comb. form. In sense 1 after either German Paragnathen (plural, 1880 or earlier) or French paragnathes (plural, 1884 or earlier). Compare earlier paragnatha n.

Zoology.

1. Either of the two lobes forming the labium in many crustaceans.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > member of > parts of > pair of lobes forming lower lip

paragnath1895

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > head > mouth-parts or trophi > hypopharynx > pair of lobes forming

paragnath1895

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Paragnathon Paragnath.

1921 Psyche 28 86 I would claim that the so-called ‘superlinguæ’ of insects most emphatically do represent the paragnaths of Crustacea.

1964 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 247 14 Behind the mandible the posterior extensions join together forming a median bridge which sends a supporting flange to the groove between the paragnaths.

1992 Jrnl. Exper. Marine Biol. & Ecol. 160 34 The paragnath is a prominent structure associated with the mouthparts of most crustaceans but in the past has not been studied in detail.

2001 Biol. Bull. 200 281 Like all other decapods, the anomuran squat lobsters Munida sarsi and M. tenuimana have a mouth apparatus composed of six pairs of mouthparts plus labrum and paragnaths (upper and lower lips).

2. Any of several hard, tooth-like projections within the pharynx of certain annelid worms.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Annelida > [noun] > member of > parts of > scale found in mouth

paragnath1895

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Paragnathon Paragnath.

1896 W. B. Benham in Cambr. Nat. Hist. II. ix. 250 The buccal region is lined with chitin, which is specially thickened at certain definite spots, forming small ‘denticles’ or ‘paragnaths’.

1935 Amer. Midland Naturalist 16 768 In some regions of the proboscis there are even more paragnaths than he describes.

1952 R. C. Moore et al. Invertebr. Fossils xi. 454/2 (caption) Morphologic features of worms... Paragnaths. One or more pairs of minute denticulate distal plates.

1963 R. P. Dales Annelids ii. 43 Between this muscular part or ‘pharynx’ and the mouth [of nereids] is a membraneous buccal tube bearing small immovable teeth or paragnaths.

3. Entomology. An appendage located between the maxilla and mandible, or associated with the hypopharynx, in certain insects. rare.

ΚΠ

1921 G. C. Crampton in Psyche 28 85 One may observe immediately behind, and between, the mandibles..a hypopharynx..composed of a median, tongue-like lingua..and a pair of lateral lobes which carcinologists call paragnaths.

1926 R. J. Tillyard Insects Austral. & N.Z. vii. 53 Order Collembola (Spring-tails)... Mandibles with separate molar and incisor areas; paragnaths present.

1937 J. R. de la Torre-Bueno Gloss. Entomol. 199 Paragnatha, (sing., paragnath or paragnathus), more or less appendage-like organs between the mandibles and maxillae, in Thysanura and Collembol; paralinguae of Folsom.

1941 Amer. Midland Naturalist 26 234 Hypopharynx with only a faint indentation; paragnaths large.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paragnath
释义	paragnathn. Brit. /ˈparəɡnaθ/, U.S. /ˈpɛrə(ɡ)ˌnæθ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, -gnath comb. form. Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + -gnath comb. form. In sense 1 after either German Paragnathen (plural, 1880 or earlier) or French paragnathes (plural, 1884 or earlier). Compare earlier paragnatha n. Zoology. 1. Either of the two lobes forming the labium in many crustaceans. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > member of > parts of > pair of lobes forming lower lip paragnath1895 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > head > mouth-parts or trophi > hypopharynx > pair of lobes forming paragnath1895 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Paragnathon Paragnath. 1921 Psyche 28 86 I would claim that the so-called ‘superlinguæ’ of insects most emphatically do represent the paragnaths of Crustacea. 1964 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 247 14 Behind the mandible the posterior extensions join together forming a median bridge which sends a supporting flange to the groove between the paragnaths. 1992 Jrnl. Exper. Marine Biol. & Ecol. 160 34 The paragnath is a prominent structure associated with the mouthparts of most crustaceans but in the past has not been studied in detail. 2001 Biol. Bull. 200 281 Like all other decapods, the anomuran squat lobsters Munida sarsi and M. tenuimana have a mouth apparatus composed of six pairs of mouthparts plus labrum and paragnaths (upper and lower lips). 2. Any of several hard, tooth-like projections within the pharynx of certain annelid worms. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Annelida > [noun] > member of > parts of > scale found in mouth paragnath1895 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Paragnathon Paragnath. 1896 W. B. Benham in Cambr. Nat. Hist. II. ix. 250 The buccal region is lined with chitin, which is specially thickened at certain definite spots, forming small ‘denticles’ or ‘paragnaths’. 1935 Amer. Midland Naturalist 16 768 In some regions of the proboscis there are even more paragnaths than he describes. 1952 R. C. Moore et al. Invertebr. Fossils xi. 454/2 (caption) Morphologic features of worms... Paragnaths. One or more pairs of minute denticulate distal plates. 1963 R. P. Dales Annelids ii. 43 Between this muscular part or ‘pharynx’ and the mouth [of nereids] is a membraneous buccal tube bearing small immovable teeth or paragnaths. 3. Entomology. An appendage located between the maxilla and mandible, or associated with the hypopharynx, in certain insects. rare. ΚΠ 1921 G. C. Crampton in Psyche 28 85 One may observe immediately behind, and between, the mandibles..a hypopharynx..composed of a median, tongue-like lingua..and a pair of lateral lobes which carcinologists call paragnaths. 1926 R. J. Tillyard Insects Austral. & N.Z. vii. 53 Order Collembola (Spring-tails)... Mandibles with separate molar and incisor areas; paragnaths present. 1937 J. R. de la Torre-Bueno Gloss. Entomol. 199 Paragnatha, (sing., paragnath or paragnathus), more or less appendage-like organs between the mandibles and maxillae, in Thysanura and Collembol; paralinguae of Folsom. 1941 Amer. Midland Naturalist 26 234 Hypopharynx with only a faint indentation; paragnaths large. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1895
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