palladiumn.¹

Brit.

/pəˈleɪdɪəm/, U.S.

/pəˈleɪdiəm/

Forms: Middle English paladion, Middle English palas dion (probably transmission error), Middle English palladian (in a late copy), Middle English palladin, Middle English palladine, Middle English palladioun, Middle English palladone, Middle English palladyon, Middle English palladyone, Middle English 1600s palladion, 1500s– palladium; Scottish pre-1700 paleadione, pre-1700 1700s– palladium. Also (esp. in sense 1) with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French palladium; Latin Palladium.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French palladium statue of the goddess Pallas (c1165 in Old French as palladion ; earlier as pallade (c1160)), a thing on which the safety of a nation is believed to depend (1562), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin Palladium image or statue of the goddess Pallas (Athene), spec. a Trojan statue of Pallas reputedly stolen by Odysseus and said to have been brought subsequently to Rome < ancient Greek Παλλάδιον < Παλλαδ- , Παλλάς Pallas (see Palladian adj.¹) + -ιον, diminutive suffix.

1. Classical Mythology. An image of the goddess Pallas (Athene) in the citadel of Troy, whose presence was believed to guarantee the safety of the city.The image was later reputed to have been taken from Troy to Rome.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Minerva or Pallas > statue of

palladiuma1393

palladie1548

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > a statue or object > specific

palladiuma1393

palladie1548

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 1837 (MED) The Priest Thoas..Hath soffred Anthenor to come And the Palladion to stele.

c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 17865 (MED) Palladin that thing called is Afftir Pallas.

a1456 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 700 (margin) (MED) Palladyone was a relyk and an ymage sent by þe goddes into þe cytee of Troye, þe which kept hem in longe prosperite ageynst alle hir enemys.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11852 The palladian thai pullit of þe pure temple.

1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. iv. ix. 433 Theire cittie coulde neuer miscarrie, while theire palladium remained emongst them.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xiii. 48 Diuers antiquities.., and amongst others the Palladium of antient Troy.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 178 Metellus..lost his eies in a skare-fire, at what time hee would haue saued and got away the Palladium..out of the temple of Vesta.

1619 S. Purchas Microcosmus lxxi. 706 Hee sought to saue the Palladium from the violence of the flame.

1658 J. Shirley Contention of Ajax & Ulysses 115 Due, for the great Palladium, which I fetch'd (Assisted by the valiant Diomedes) Out of the heart of Troy.

1715 A. Pope Ess. on Homer iii. 54 For Statuary, it appears by the Accounts of Ægypt and the Palladium, that there was enough of it very early in the World for those Images which were requir'd in the Worship of their Gods.

1779 W. Alexander Hist. Women I. vi. 144 Vestals..whose office was to keep the palladium,..and to preserve the sacred fire of the goddess in perpetual vigour.

1816 J. Dallaway Of Statuary & Sculpt. i. 8 It is reported by Apollodorus that the Palladium of Troy had the feet closely joined.

1845 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 270 It is well known that Rome had a sacred and concealed name, hidden from the profane with the same scrupulous jealousy as the Palladium or Ancile.

1886 J. Todhunter Helena in Troas 30 Here Helen sits, As firm and native to the fates of Troy As the Palladium.

1976 R. Browning Emperor Julian i. 27 The archaic statue of Pallas Athene, the Palladium, on which the fortune of Rome was said to depend.

2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 1/1 The priest foretold future events, banished disease, and produced the so-called Palladium talisman, which he sold to the Trojans to protect their town from assault.

2. In extended use: a thing on which the safety of a nation, institution, privilege, etc., is believed to depend; a source of protection, a safeguard.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence

hornc825

shieldc1200

warranta1272

bergha1325

armour1340

hedge1340

defencec1350

bucklerc1380

protectiona1382

safety1399

targea1400

suretyc1405

wall1412

pavise?a1439

fencec1440

safeguard?c1500

pale?a1525

waretack1542

muniment1546

shrouda1561

bulwark1577

countermure1581

ward1582

prevention1584

armourya1586

fortificationa1586

securitya1586

penthouse1589

palladium1600

guard1609

subtectacle1609

tutament1609

umbrella1609

bastion1615

screena1616

amulet1621

alexikakon1635

breastwork1643

security1643

protectionary1653

sepiment1660

back1680

shadower1691

aegis1760

inoculation1761

buoya1770

propugnaculum1773

panoply1789

armament1793

fascine1793

protective1827

beaver1838

face shield1842

vaccine1861

zariba1885

wolf-platform1906

firebreak1959

1600 P. Holland in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. Pref. 6 These 35 bookes [of Livy]..preserued as another Palladium out of a generall skarefire.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. vii. 426 My Palladium, my brestplate, my buckler, with which I warde all iniuries.

a1670 J. Hacket Abp. Williams (1693) ii. 16 The Love of the People is the Palladium of your Gown.

1701 M. Pix Double Distress i. 5 Such Glory shines thro' all his gallant Actions; He our Palladium, this Old Man the Giver.

1742 Gentleman's Mag. July 377/1 Liberty is the true Palladium of our State.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. xiii. 321 This stone..was carefully preserved at Scone as the true palladium of their monarchy.

1804 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry II. i. ii. 15 Gentlemen, said he, the press is the palladium of liberty.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iv. i. 214 The Habeas Corpus Act.., said to be the palladium of an Englishman's liberty.

1900 J. K. Jerome Three Men on Bummel vi. 134 ‘Ahn’ became the palladium of English philological education.

1958 H. Goad Lang. in Hist. 204 It [sc. the King James Bible] is the palladium, the standard, around which all should rally.

1995 Times 8 July 19/1 London Stone..may have been a kind of palladium, designed to protect the places around it in the manner of the Stone of Scone in Scotland and the apes on Gibraltar.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

palladiumn.²

Brit.

/pəˈleɪdɪəm/, U.S.

/pəˈleɪdiəm/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Pallad- , Pallas , -ium suffix.

Etymology: < Pallad-, taken as stem (after ancient Greek Παλλαδ- : see Palladian adj.¹) of Pallas, name of an asteroid (after the name of the goddess Pallas Athene) + -ium suffix.Named in 1803 by its discoverer, William Hyde Wollaston, after the asteroid, which had been discovered in the previous year (compare cerium n.).1962 J. R. Partington Hist. Chem. III. 700 Wollaston's discovery of palladium was announced in anonymous handbills in April 1803, stating that ‘palladium, or new silver..a new noble metal’ was on sale in London.

Chemistry.

A hard, ductile, metallic element, atomic number 46, resembling silver, belonging to the platinum group and used in precious alloys and as a catalyst, esp. in reactions involving hydrogen. Symbol Pd.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > palladium > [noun]

palladium1803

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > metals of platinum group > specific

palladium1803

iridium1804

osmium1804

rhodium1804

1803 R. Chenevix in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 93 290 (heading) Enquiries concerning the nature of a metallic substance lately sold in London, as a new metal, under the title of Palladium.

1805 W. H. Wollaston in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 316 I..subsequently obtained another metal, to which I gave the name Palladium, from the planet that had been discovered nearly at the same time by Dr. Olbers.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 180 The balance spring is usually of palladium.

1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students viii. 157 The carefully purified hydrogen was prepared by electrolysis, dried by phosphorus pentoxide, and absorbed in the metal palladium.

2001 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 18 May 19/1 The price of both platinum and palladium had reached phenomenal heights.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as palladium catalyst, palladium-charcoal, palladium chloride, etc.

ΚΠ

1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 329 Palladium-bases.

1875 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1 230 The gas flowed through..a Peligot tube, containing strips of paper saturated with solution of palladium chloride.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxiii. 293 The hydrogen was obtained by heating ‘palladium-hydrogen’, the loss of weight of which gave the weight of hydrogen burnt.

1957 R. H. Thomson Naturally Occurring Quinones ii. 14 Catalytic reduction over palladium-charcoal also yields gentisyl alcohol.

1999 Wired Feb. 37/1 A small class of commercially available palladium catalysts..yield heat and helium from deuterium.

C2.

palladium black n. a black powder consisting of finely divided palladium, used as a catalyst (cf. platinum black n. at platinum n. and adj. Compounds 2).

ΚΠ

1868 Proc. Royal Soc. 1867–8 16 426 Even when heated, and afterwards exposed to an atmosphere of hydrogen in the usual manner, the palladium black so prepared condensed no sensible quantity of that gas.

1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. iv. 177 The catalytic decomposition of sodium formate by palladium black.

1999 Investigative Ophthalmol. & Visual Sci. (Electronic ed.) 40 2427 The reaction mixture consisted of 30% formaldehyde, 98% formic acid.., and freshly prepared palladium black.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	palladium
释义	palladiumn.¹ Brit. /pəˈleɪdɪəm/, U.S. /pəˈleɪdiəm/ Forms: Middle English paladion, Middle English palas dion (probably transmission error), Middle English palladian (in a late copy), Middle English palladin, Middle English palladine, Middle English palladioun, Middle English palladone, Middle English palladyon, Middle English palladyone, Middle English 1600s palladion, 1500s– palladium; Scottish pre-1700 paleadione, pre-1700 1700s– palladium. Also (esp. in sense 1) with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French palladium; Latin Palladium. Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French palladium statue of the goddess Pallas (c1165 in Old French as palladion ; earlier as pallade (c1160)), a thing on which the safety of a nation is believed to depend (1562), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin Palladium image or statue of the goddess Pallas (Athene), spec. a Trojan statue of Pallas reputedly stolen by Odysseus and said to have been brought subsequently to Rome < ancient Greek Παλλάδιον < Παλλαδ- , Παλλάς Pallas (see Palladian adj.¹) + -ιον, diminutive suffix. 1. Classical Mythology. An image of the goddess Pallas (Athene) in the citadel of Troy, whose presence was believed to guarantee the safety of the city.The image was later reputed to have been taken from Troy to Rome. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Minerva or Pallas > statue of palladiuma1393 palladie1548 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > a statue or object > specific palladiuma1393 palladie1548 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 1837 (MED) The Priest Thoas..Hath soffred Anthenor to come And the Palladion to stele. c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 17865 (MED) Palladin that thing called is Afftir Pallas. a1456 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 700 (margin) (MED) Palladyone was a relyk and an ymage sent by þe goddes into þe cytee of Troye, þe which kept hem in longe prosperite ageynst alle hir enemys. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11852 The palladian thai pullit of þe pure temple. 1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. iv. ix. 433 Theire cittie coulde neuer miscarrie, while theire palladium remained emongst them. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xiii. 48 Diuers antiquities.., and amongst others the Palladium of antient Troy. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 178 Metellus..lost his eies in a skare-fire, at what time hee would haue saued and got away the Palladium..out of the temple of Vesta. 1619 S. Purchas Microcosmus lxxi. 706 Hee sought to saue the Palladium from the violence of the flame. 1658 J. Shirley Contention of Ajax & Ulysses 115 Due, for the great Palladium, which I fetch'd (Assisted by the valiant Diomedes) Out of the heart of Troy. 1715 A. Pope Ess. on Homer iii. 54 For Statuary, it appears by the Accounts of Ægypt and the Palladium, that there was enough of it very early in the World for those Images which were requir'd in the Worship of their Gods. 1779 W. Alexander Hist. Women I. vi. 144 Vestals..whose office was to keep the palladium,..and to preserve the sacred fire of the goddess in perpetual vigour. 1816 J. Dallaway Of Statuary & Sculpt. i. 8 It is reported by Apollodorus that the Palladium of Troy had the feet closely joined. 1845 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 270 It is well known that Rome had a sacred and concealed name, hidden from the profane with the same scrupulous jealousy as the Palladium or Ancile. 1886 J. Todhunter Helena in Troas 30 Here Helen sits, As firm and native to the fates of Troy As the Palladium. 1976 R. Browning Emperor Julian i. 27 The archaic statue of Pallas Athene, the Palladium, on which the fortune of Rome was said to depend. 2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 1/1 The priest foretold future events, banished disease, and produced the so-called Palladium talisman, which he sold to the Trojans to protect their town from assault. 2. In extended use: a thing on which the safety of a nation, institution, privilege, etc., is believed to depend; a source of protection, a safeguard. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence hornc825 shieldc1200 warranta1272 bergha1325 armour1340 hedge1340 defencec1350 bucklerc1380 protectiona1382 safety1399 targea1400 suretyc1405 wall1412 pavise?a1439 fencec1440 safeguard?c1500 pale?a1525 waretack1542 muniment1546 shrouda1561 bulwark1577 countermure1581 ward1582 prevention1584 armourya1586 fortificationa1586 securitya1586 penthouse1589 palladium1600 guard1609 subtectacle1609 tutament1609 umbrella1609 bastion1615 screena1616 amulet1621 alexikakon1635 breastwork1643 security1643 protectionary1653 sepiment1660 back1680 shadower1691 aegis1760 inoculation1761 buoya1770 propugnaculum1773 panoply1789 armament1793 fascine1793 protective1827 beaver1838 face shield1842 vaccine1861 zariba1885 wolf-platform1906 firebreak1959 1600 P. Holland in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. Pref. 6 These 35 bookes [of Livy]..preserued as another Palladium out of a generall skarefire. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. vii. 426 My Palladium, my brestplate, my buckler, with which I warde all iniuries. a1670 J. Hacket Abp. Williams (1693) ii. 16 The Love of the People is the Palladium of your Gown. 1701 M. Pix Double Distress i. 5 Such Glory shines thro' all his gallant Actions; He our Palladium, this Old Man the Giver. 1742 Gentleman's Mag. July 377/1 Liberty is the true Palladium of our State. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. xiii. 321 This stone..was carefully preserved at Scone as the true palladium of their monarchy. 1804 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry II. i. ii. 15 Gentlemen, said he, the press is the palladium of liberty. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iv. i. 214 The Habeas Corpus Act.., said to be the palladium of an Englishman's liberty. 1900 J. K. Jerome Three Men on Bummel vi. 134 ‘Ahn’ became the palladium of English philological education. 1958 H. Goad Lang. in Hist. 204 It [sc. the King James Bible] is the palladium, the standard, around which all should rally. 1995 Times 8 July 19/1 London Stone..may have been a kind of palladium, designed to protect the places around it in the manner of the Stone of Scone in Scotland and the apes on Gibraltar. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). palladiumn.² Brit. /pəˈleɪdɪəm/, U.S. /pəˈleɪdiəm/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Pallad- , Pallas , -ium suffix. Etymology: < Pallad-, taken as stem (after ancient Greek Παλλαδ- : see Palladian adj.¹) of Pallas, name of an asteroid (after the name of the goddess Pallas Athene) + -ium suffix.Named in 1803 by its discoverer, William Hyde Wollaston, after the asteroid, which had been discovered in the previous year (compare cerium n.).1962 J. R. Partington Hist. Chem. III. 700 Wollaston's discovery of palladium was announced in anonymous handbills in April 1803, stating that ‘palladium, or new silver..a new noble metal’ was on sale in London. Chemistry. A hard, ductile, metallic element, atomic number 46, resembling silver, belonging to the platinum group and used in precious alloys and as a catalyst, esp. in reactions involving hydrogen. Symbol Pd. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > palladium > [noun] palladium1803 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > metals of platinum group > specific palladium1803 iridium1804 osmium1804 rhodium1804 1803 R. Chenevix in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 93 290 (heading) Enquiries concerning the nature of a metallic substance lately sold in London, as a new metal, under the title of Palladium. 1805 W. H. Wollaston in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 316 I..subsequently obtained another metal, to which I gave the name Palladium, from the planet that had been discovered nearly at the same time by Dr. Olbers. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 180 The balance spring is usually of palladium. 1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students viii. 157 The carefully purified hydrogen was prepared by electrolysis, dried by phosphorus pentoxide, and absorbed in the metal palladium. 2001 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 18 May 19/1 The price of both platinum and palladium had reached phenomenal heights. Compounds C1. General attributive, as palladium catalyst, palladium-charcoal, palladium chloride, etc. ΚΠ 1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 329 Palladium-bases. 1875 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1 230 The gas flowed through..a Peligot tube, containing strips of paper saturated with solution of palladium chloride. 1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxiii. 293 The hydrogen was obtained by heating ‘palladium-hydrogen’, the loss of weight of which gave the weight of hydrogen burnt. 1957 R. H. Thomson Naturally Occurring Quinones ii. 14 Catalytic reduction over palladium-charcoal also yields gentisyl alcohol. 1999 Wired Feb. 37/1 A small class of commercially available palladium catalysts..yield heat and helium from deuterium. C2. palladium black n. a black powder consisting of finely divided palladium, used as a catalyst (cf. platinum black n. at platinum n. and adj. Compounds 2). ΚΠ 1868 Proc. Royal Soc. 1867–8 16 426 Even when heated, and afterwards exposed to an atmosphere of hydrogen in the usual manner, the palladium black so prepared condensed no sensible quantity of that gas. 1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. iv. 177 The catalytic decomposition of sodium formate by palladium black. 1999 Investigative Ophthalmol. & Visual Sci. (Electronic ed.) 40 2427 The reaction mixture consisted of 30% formaldehyde, 98% formic acid.., and freshly prepared palladium black. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1393n.²1803
随便看	break-signal break-teeth break-up break-up price break-up value break-vow breakable breakableness breakablenesses breakabler breakables breakablest breakage breakages breakaway breakaways breakaxe breakaxe tree breakaxes breakback breakbeat breakbone breakbone fever breakbones breakbulk

palladiumn.1

palladiumn.2

Compounds

palladiumn.¹

palladiumn.²