passivaladj.

Brit.

/paˈsʌɪvl/, U.S.

/pəˈsaɪv(ə)l/

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin passīvus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: Probably < classical Latin passīvus passive adj. + -al suffix¹, after adjectival adj., nominal adj., etc.

Grammar.

†1. Relating to or used with the passive voice. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > voice > [adjective] > passive

passivea1450

passival1879

1879 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 3) ix. 488 Our ears are still familiar in Bible English with this passival of.

2. Designating an intransitive verb with a passive meaning. Now rare (chiefly historical with reference to Henry Sweet).In recent times the term active-passive is usually preferred (cf. active-passive adj. at active adj. and n. Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > other specific types of verb

commonc1450

personal?1482

perfect1530

valuative1566

suppletive1633

auxiliary1751

active-passive1859

mutative1866

preterito-presential1875

preterite-present1888

passival1892

preteritive present1894

applicative1903

injunctive1910

activo-passive1927

ornative1934

eventive1946

notional1957

non-factive1969

contrafactive1979

1892 H. Sweet New Eng. Gram. I. 90 The book sells well, meat will not keep in hot weather... We call sells and keep in such constructions passival verbs.

1926 H. Poutsma Gram. Late Mod. Eng. II. ii. xlvi. 64 Sweet..calls the verbs thus used passival verbs.

1950 Eng. Stud. 31 156 It is generally said that in a sentence like His books don't sell the verb is active in form, but passive in meaning, what is ‘really’ meant being His books are not sold. In accordance with this theory verbs used in this way are sometimes called active-passive or passival.

1963 F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax Eng. Lang. I. ii. 152 (heading) Intransitive verbs used to represent the action as quasi-automatic, or self-originated. (Sweet's ‘passival verbs’; Jespersen's ‘activo-passive’ use.)

2000 Lang. Sciences 22 412 Two principal expedients were made use of. One was to omit explicit passive marking, giving the passival construction already discussed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	passival
释义	passivaladj. Brit. /paˈsʌɪvl/, U.S. /pəˈsaɪv(ə)l/ Origin: Probably a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin passīvus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: Probably < classical Latin passīvus passive adj. + -al suffix¹, after adjectival adj., nominal adj., etc. Grammar. †1. Relating to or used with the passive voice. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > voice > [adjective] > passive passivea1450 passival1879 1879 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 3) ix. 488 Our ears are still familiar in Bible English with this passival of. 2. Designating an intransitive verb with a passive meaning. Now rare (chiefly historical with reference to Henry Sweet).In recent times the term active-passive is usually preferred (cf. active-passive adj. at active adj. and n. Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > other specific types of verb commonc1450 personal?1482 perfect1530 valuative1566 suppletive1633 auxiliary1751 active-passive1859 mutative1866 preterito-presential1875 preterite-present1888 passival1892 preteritive present1894 applicative1903 injunctive1910 activo-passive1927 ornative1934 eventive1946 notional1957 non-factive1969 contrafactive1979 1892 H. Sweet New Eng. Gram. I. 90 The book sells well, meat will not keep in hot weather... We call sells and keep in such constructions passival verbs. 1926 H. Poutsma Gram. Late Mod. Eng. II. ii. xlvi. 64 Sweet..calls the verbs thus used passival verbs. 1950 Eng. Stud. 31 156 It is generally said that in a sentence like His books don't sell the verb is active in form, but passive in meaning, what is ‘really’ meant being His books are not sold. In accordance with this theory verbs used in this way are sometimes called active-passive or passival. 1963 F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax Eng. Lang. I. ii. 152 (heading) Intransitive verbs used to represent the action as quasi-automatic, or self-originated. (Sweet's ‘passival verbs’; Jespersen's ‘activo-passive’ use.) 2000 Lang. Sciences 22 412 Two principal expedients were made use of. One was to omit explicit passive marking, giving the passival construction already discussed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1879
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