paraquatn.

Brit.

/ˈparəkwɒt/,

/ˈparəkwat/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəˌkwɑt/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, quaternary adj.

Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + quat- (in quaternary adj.), so called because the bond between the two pyridyl groups is in the para position with respect to their quaternary nitrogen atoms.

Any of a class of highly toxic, quick-acting, contact weedkillers, readily deactivated in the soil, which are crystalline salts (esp. the chloride or bismethylsulphate) of the 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridylium cation, (CH₃N⁺C₅H₄)₂. Also: the ion itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > fungicide or herbicide

phenylmercuric acetate1918

phenylmercuric nitrate1921

ferbam1950

fungitoxicant1950

nabam1950

maneb1954

propazine1959

paraquat1961

linuron1962

benomyl1969

procymidone1977

metalaxyl1979

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to or effected by specific poison

arsenical1591

strychnic1840

urali1843

ptomaic1889

toxalbumic1902

rodenticidal1939

paraquat1961

methiocarb1966

1961 Weed Abstr. 10 572 Paraquat di(methyl sulphate), previously PP.910, a new herbicide. Publ. Plant Protection Ltd., 1961 pp. 6. Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridylium) is the name given to the free radicle. Two salts are currently under test, the di(methyl sulphate) (PP.910) and the dichloride (PP.148)... Paraquat salts are very rapidly absorbed into the aerial parts of plants.

1962 New Scientist 6 Sept. 490/1 The active ingredient—paraquat—is a member of a family of herbicidal chemicals (quaternary salts of bipyridyls).

1968 Times 17 Dec. 10/5 The weedkiller paraquat..is highly poisonous but is swiftly broken down to harmless components by bacteria in the soil.

1974 Times 2 Feb. 4/2 At least twenty deaths in Britain in the past 10 years are known to have been caused by paraquat. In almost all cases death followed the decanting of agricultural paraquat solutions into soft drink bottles.

1987 K. Rushforth Tree Planting & Managem. (1990) iv. 83 Paraquat interrupts the plant's photosynthesis; it only affects the portions onto which it is applied and is not translocated.

2001 Times 12 Apr. ii. 5/6 Paraquat, banned in other EU countries, is highly toxic; it is used in the UK to control weeds in cereal crops.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paraquat
释义	paraquatn. Brit. /ˈparəkwɒt/, /ˈparəkwat/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌkwɑt/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, quaternary adj. Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + quat- (in quaternary adj.), so called because the bond between the two pyridyl groups is in the para position with respect to their quaternary nitrogen atoms. Any of a class of highly toxic, quick-acting, contact weedkillers, readily deactivated in the soil, which are crystalline salts (esp. the chloride or bismethylsulphate) of the 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridylium cation, (CH₃N⁺C₅H₄)₂. Also: the ion itself. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > fungicide or herbicide phenylmercuric acetate1918 phenylmercuric nitrate1921 ferbam1950 fungitoxicant1950 nabam1950 maneb1954 propazine1959 paraquat1961 linuron1962 benomyl1969 procymidone1977 metalaxyl1979 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to or effected by specific poison arsenical1591 strychnic1840 urali1843 ptomaic1889 toxalbumic1902 rodenticidal1939 paraquat1961 methiocarb1966 1961 Weed Abstr. 10 572 Paraquat di(methyl sulphate), previously PP.910, a new herbicide. Publ. Plant Protection Ltd., 1961 pp. 6. Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridylium) is the name given to the free radicle. Two salts are currently under test, the di(methyl sulphate) (PP.910) and the dichloride (PP.148)... Paraquat salts are very rapidly absorbed into the aerial parts of plants. 1962 New Scientist 6 Sept. 490/1 The active ingredient—paraquat—is a member of a family of herbicidal chemicals (quaternary salts of bipyridyls). 1968 Times 17 Dec. 10/5 The weedkiller paraquat..is highly poisonous but is swiftly broken down to harmless components by bacteria in the soil. 1974 Times 2 Feb. 4/2 At least twenty deaths in Britain in the past 10 years are known to have been caused by paraquat. In almost all cases death followed the decanting of agricultural paraquat solutions into soft drink bottles. 1987 K. Rushforth Tree Planting & Managem. (1990) iv. 83 Paraquat interrupts the plant's photosynthesis; it only affects the portions onto which it is applied and is not translocated. 2001 Times 12 Apr. ii. 5/6 Paraquat, banned in other EU countries, is highly toxic; it is used in the UK to control weeds in cereal crops. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1961
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