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单词 parclose
释义

parclosen.

Brit. /ˈpɑːkləʊz/, U.S. /ˈpɑrˌkloʊz/
Forms: Middle English parcloce, Middle English parcloos, Middle English parklos, Middle English percloos, Middle English perclos, Middle English–1500s parclos, Middle English–1500s parclosse, Middle English–1600s 1800s– parclose, Middle English– perclose (now in sense 3), 1500s perclowse, 1600s parcloese, 1800s paraclose.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French parclos, parclose.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman parclos, parclouse, perclos, perclose and Middle French parclose conclusion, end (c1170 in Old French as parclose ), enclosure (c1330 in Anglo-Norman denoting an enclosure of a tabernacle; 1339 in an isolated attestation in Middle French as parelouse , transmission error for parclouse , denoting enclosures of open spaces; French parclose ; compare note below), use as noun of parclos (masculine), parclose (feminine), past participle of parclore to enclose, bring to a close (see parclose v.).The word is attested earlier in sense 1a in a Latin context, although it is unclear whether this is to be interpreted as showing the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word:1336–7 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 80 Pro parclus faciend iuxta chorum die sepulture. Compare also (in sense 1b):1414 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 96 De praedictis tenementis et aedificiis; prout locus, ubi dictae viduae manent et manebunt, extendit a via regia versus occidentem usque ad ingressum Capellae Beatae Virginis Mariae praedictae quae dicitur Parcloos.1445–6 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 394 Pro..ij fenestris de lez parcloses Regis et Regine. In later use in sense 1a perhaps reborrowed < French parclose (1832 in this sense; apparently re-formed independently). Sense 3 is apparently not attested in French. Compare the following isolated attestation of parclose ( < French parclose limber-board (1643)), defined (probably erroneously) as ‘limber-hole’:1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 517 Parclose, a name of the limber-hole.
1.
a. A partition, screen, or railing, serving to enclose or shut off a space in a building; esp. a screen or railing in a church enclosing an altar, a tomb, etc., or separating a chapel, etc., from the main body of the church.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > altar rail > [noun]
parclose1387
rail1637
sept1640
communion rail1662
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > interior or partition-wall
woughc888
wallOE
middle wallc1384
parclose1387
partitionc1450
screena1475
hallan1490
parpen wall1506
parpal walla1525
midwall1589
partition wall1605
inwall?1611
parpalling1621
screen work1648
sconce1695
stud partition1775
screening1850
scrap screen1873
parclose screen1889
1387 in A. H. Thomas Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1932) III. 129 (MED) [Robert Draycote..brought a bill of complaint that..they had cut down and carried away..a] parclos [of] Estrichbord [13 feet long].
c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 11285 (MED) Thei made..a parclos That al a-boute that fair werk gos.
a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 4231 By-twix hem nas þer but a parclose Of borde.
1504 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 314 For makyng of a parclose in the Shomaker Both.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 251/2 Parclos to parte two roumes, separation.
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words at Vacerra A raile or perclose of timber wherein something is closed.
1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 520/1 He likewise appointed..that the roof of that Chapel should be raised, the walls enhanced, the windows made with strong iron-work, with a Quire and Perclose, and two Altars without the Quire.
1867 Trans. Exeter Dioc. Archit. Soc. 2nd Ser. 1 105 The nave is separated from the tower by a parclose of three bays.
1894 J. H. Wylie Hist. Eng. Henry IV II. liii. 247 Sleeping-rooms..divided only by a tapet, or a parclose of boards.
1951 H. Braun Introd. Eng. Mediaeval Archit. xiv. 262 The small chapels distributed about the greater churches were often enclosed by screens cutting them off from the main body of the building... Enclosing screens are known as ‘parcloses’.
2000 Guardian (Nexis) 29 Apr. (Saturday section) 2 Especially pleased by the woodwork, singling out two parcloses to the north and south chapels.
b. An enclosed space; esp. one in a building, separated from the main area by a screen or railing. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place
lockOE
close1297
cloisterc1300
purseynta1325
clausurea1398
closinga1398
closera1400
blokc1400
procinct1422
parclosea1470
enterclose1480
enclose1483
closure1496
sept1548
enclosure1552
shut1605
cincture1627
precinct1774
encincture1849
zariba1885
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > small room
parrockOE
cellc1300
cabin1362
parclosea1470
camerelle?c1475
crib1600
narrow cell1636
pigeonhole1703
closet1728
box1773
cuddy1793
cubby-hole1842
roomlet1855
cubby1868
cubby-house1880
cwtch1890
cellule1894
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 907 Whan hit cam unto the sakarynge, he that lay within the perclose dressyd hym up and uncoverde hys hede.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccvi. 460 The other Englysshemen were on the felde, and the Constable styll in his perclose.
1571 in J. Nicolson & R. Burn Cumberland (1777) 90 A decent perclose of wood, wherein morning and evening prayer shall be read.
2. An end, a conclusion (esp. of a sentence, discourse, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech > concluding speech or part of speech
parclosec1390
conclusionc1405
period1532
peroration1550
close1578
corollary1603
epilogue1644
closing argument1819
snapper1857
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > epilogue, envoy, or conclusion
parclosec1390
envoyc1398
conclusionc1405
l'envoy1430
subscriptionc1450
extraduction1533
epilogue1564
surclose1589
corollary1603
post-face1742
retroduction1786
explicit1849
snapper1857
c1390 (?a1300) Stations of Rome Prol. (Vernon) 75 (MED) Now þis schal beo þe parclose, No more to speken of þis prose.
1424 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 87 (MED) Your Lordly clemence so benigly voucheþ sauf, as is purported in þe parclose of your seid lettres, to haue assercion be comers betwene of your gode desires.
1602 W. Warner Epitome Hist. Eng. in Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) 377 Omitting the particulars of King Harolds answer..the parcloese was, that by his sworde he would maintaine his Scepter.
a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) vii. 97 Let the Perclose of her thoughts be this, To study what Man was, and what Man is.
1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 174 The perclose of that Law.
3. Heraldry. Usually in form perclose. The knotted and buckled part of a garter.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of articles of clothing > [noun] > garter
parclose1632
garter1658
1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iv. ii. 276 He beareth, Or, the perclose of three Demy Garters Nowed.
1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Per Close, or Demi-garter, is that part of the garter that is buckled and nowed.
1847 H. Gough Gloss. Terms Brit. Heraldry 245 The perclose of a garter is the lower part with the buckle, &c.
1969 J. Franklyn & J. Tanner Encycl. Dict. Heraldry 143/2 The circle of a strap and buckle may be blazoned ‘a demi-garter’ or a ‘perclose’.

Compounds

parclose screen n. = sense 1a.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > interior or partition-wall
woughc888
wallOE
middle wallc1384
parclose1387
partitionc1450
screena1475
hallan1490
parpen wall1506
parpal walla1525
midwall1589
partition wall1605
inwall?1611
parpalling1621
screen work1648
sconce1695
stud partition1775
screening1850
scrap screen1873
parclose screen1889
1889 Times 15 Aug. 7/5 A visit to Ranworth, to see its famous rood-screen and parclose screens, which are the pride of East Norfolk.
1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) Introd. 14 Here a much less interestingly designed parclose screen divides off a chantry chapel of the Frowyk family.
1993 Times 29 Apr. 21/6 Sir Ninian Comper..refurnished it with parclose screens and a west gallery.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

parclosev.

Forms: 1500s–1600s perclose, 1800s parclose.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: parclose n.
Etymology: < parclose n., after Middle French, French †parclore (late 12th. cent. in Old French in sense ‘to bring to a close’, c1240 in Anglo-Norman in sense ‘to enclose’; < par- para- prefix1 + clore : see close v.).With sense 2 compare earlier parclosing n.
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To enclose; esp. to fence in or shut off with a parclose (parclose n. 1a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)]
beloukOE
pind?c1225
closec1275
beshuta1300
to shut about13..
umbclosec1330
to close about1340
aclosec1350
in close1393
enclose?a1400
tinec1400
concludea1425
includec1425
wallc1430
underclosec1440
inclusea1450
hedgec1500
lista1513
inrail1523
interclude1524
fence1535
parclose1535
riba1547
pale1570
impale1579
embay1582
immure1583
upclosec1590
enchase1591
interclose1592
recinct1598
underfong1599
intermure1606
bound1609
engirt1627
bosom1637
infence1652
cancellate1664
circumclude1677
embosomc1750
comprehend1807
society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > altar rail > [verb (transitive)] > shut off with
parclose1855
1535 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) II. 260 At Chester we receyved letters from Mr. Brabazon, whiche we send you herin perclosed.
1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iii. f. 13 v/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I The towne was not perclosed eyther wyth ditch or wall.
1855 Ecclesiologist 16 113 The sanctuary is parclosed, the organ standing on its north side.
2. transitive. To bring to a close; to close, conclude.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)]
yendc1000
abatec1300
finec1300
endc1305
finisha1375
definec1384
terminec1390
achievea1393
out-enda1400
terminate?a1425
conclude1430
close1439
to bring adowna1450
terma1475
adetermine1483
determine1483
to knit up1530
do1549
parclose1558
to shut up1575
expire1578
date1589
to close up1592
period1595
includea1616
apostrophate1622
to wind off1650
periodizea1657
dismiss1698
to wind up1740
to put the lid on1873
to put the tin hat on something1900
to wash up1925
the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion
finec1300
finisha1375
concludec1430
determine1483
to wind off1650
parclose1667
to wind up1780
eventuate1816
to round out1856
mop1859
to wrap up1922
1558 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 472 After the same..accompt perclosed and no surplusage fonde.
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xxi. 165 I purpose..so to perclose this Treatise.
1626 Boyle in Lismore Papers (1886) II. 187 Raphe Curteis..this day perclosed all accompts with me for the same.
1667 Ormonde MSS in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 52 Orders to satisfy..your petitioner the remaining £120, after perclosing their worke.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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