pardieint.adv.

Brit.

/pɑːˈdiː/, U.S.

/pɑrˈdi/

Forms:

α. Middle English par deu, Middle English pardeux, Middle English pardieux, Middle English par dy, Middle English–1500s parde, Middle English–1500s pardye, Middle English–1600s (1800s archaic) pardee, Middle English–1700s (1800s archaic) pardy, 1500s– pardie, 1600s– pardi, 1700s– pardieu; Scottish pre-1700 par de, pre-1700 parde, pre-1700 1800s– pardie.

β. Middle English perdeus, Middle English perdieux, Middle English purdowy, Middle English pyrdo, Middle English pyrdow, Middle English pyrdowy, Middle English–1500s perde, Middle English–1500s perdy, 1500s per de, 1500s per dee, 1500s perdee, 1500s perdye, 1500s– perdie, 1600s per dein (transmission error), 1800s perdé (Scottish); N.E.D. (1904) also records a form Middle English per dieu.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pardeu.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French pardeu, pardi, par Dé, par Dieu (12th cent. in Old French; French pardi , pardieu ) < par by (see per prep.) + Deu , Di , Dieu God (see deus int.).In forms with final -x perhaps after the French plural dieux.

Now archaic and rare.

‘By God!’ (as an asseveration). Hence: ‘certainly!’, ‘without a doubt!’, ‘indeed!’ Also occasionally as adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assurance, confirmation, or guarantee > certainly, truly, assuredly [interjection]

pardiec1300

perfayc1300

sootha1400

α.

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 2046 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 165 (MED) Wenstþou þat ichulle fleo? Nai par deu, nouȝt a fote.

c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 563 Wel koude he stelen corn and tollen thries, And yet he hadde a thombe of gold, pardee.

a1425 (?a1350) Gospel of Nicodemus (Galba) (1907) 239 Pilat said, es þis he, þat herod soght to sla?.. Sir, ȝa parde [v.r. pardye], bot þus he passed him fra.

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 113 (MED) I myght wel A wyst, parde, So good a creature as she wold nevyr A done trespace.

?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. B.iii In that ye palmer as debite May clerely dyscharde hym parde.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 168 The hous is myne, pardie.

1630 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime (new ed.) ii. 10 I pardi demanding..how they could take such an oath.., they answered.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xix. 160 Pardieu! le capitaine Odonnell be one.

a1754 H. Fielding Fathers (1778) iii. 54 Pardie! Sir, your most humble servant.

1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. i. 15 But, pardieu, he..knows all the Neviles by eye.

1897 F. Thompson Poems (1946) 173 As I went down by lane and lea The daisies reddened so, pardie!

1905 Baroness Orczy Scarlet Pimpernel v. 43 ‘Pardieu, my good man,’ said Lady Blakeney, with some impatience, ‘what are you standing in my way for?’

1930 R. Kipling Miracle of St. Jubanus 7 He was of exemplary life. Pardi, he had to be!

β. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 1895 For blessyd is hyr seed, whos dawghter shal be Modyr of blysse euerlastynge, perde.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 545 Bot how that euir it fell, perde, I trow he sall the varrar be.1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John xix. 115 A place perdye detestable.a1563 J. Bale King Johan (1969) ii. 2102 Simon of Swynsett my very name is, per dee.1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 281 And if the king like not the tragedy, Why then belike he likes it not perdy [1623 perdie].a1666 R. Fanshawe tr. A. Hurtado de Mendoza Querer por solo Querer (1670) ii. 72 Perdie, to see thee in this plain, Grypes many a sprunt and jolly Swain.1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence i. xxi Not to move on, perdie, is all they can.1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 39 Perdé! he thoucht he was in's boat, Sailin' for pastime and for play.1858 C. Kingsley Red King 32 There's Tyrrel as sour as I, perdie.1905 A. C. Swinburne Poems III. 134 For all my subtle wiles, perdie, God wot I loved him well enow.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pardie
释义	pardieint.adv. Brit. /pɑːˈdiː/, U.S. /pɑrˈdi/ Forms: α. Middle English par deu, Middle English pardeux, Middle English pardieux, Middle English par dy, Middle English–1500s parde, Middle English–1500s pardye, Middle English–1600s (1800s archaic) pardee, Middle English–1700s (1800s archaic) pardy, 1500s– pardie, 1600s– pardi, 1700s– pardieu; Scottish pre-1700 par de, pre-1700 parde, pre-1700 1800s– pardie. β. Middle English perdeus, Middle English perdieux, Middle English purdowy, Middle English pyrdo, Middle English pyrdow, Middle English pyrdowy, Middle English–1500s perde, Middle English–1500s perdy, 1500s per de, 1500s per dee, 1500s perdee, 1500s perdye, 1500s– perdie, 1600s per dein (transmission error), 1800s perdé (Scottish); N.E.D. (1904) also records a form Middle English per dieu. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pardeu. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French pardeu, pardi, par Dé, par Dieu (12th cent. in Old French; French pardi , pardieu ) < par by (see per prep.) + Deu , Di , Dieu God (see deus int.).In forms with final -x perhaps after the French plural dieux. Now archaic and rare. ‘By God!’ (as an asseveration). Hence: ‘certainly!’, ‘without a doubt!’, ‘indeed!’ Also occasionally as adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assurance, confirmation, or guarantee > certainly, truly, assuredly [interjection] pardiec1300 perfayc1300 sootha1400 α. c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 2046 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 165 (MED) Wenstþou þat ichulle fleo? Nai par deu, nouȝt a fote. c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 563 Wel koude he stelen corn and tollen thries, And yet he hadde a thombe of gold, pardee. a1425 (?a1350) Gospel of Nicodemus (Galba) (1907) 239 Pilat said, es þis he, þat herod soght to sla?.. Sir, ȝa parde [v.r. pardye], bot þus he passed him fra. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 113 (MED) I myght wel A wyst, parde, So good a creature as she wold nevyr A done trespace. ?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. B.iii In that ye palmer as debite May clerely dyscharde hym parde. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 168 The hous is myne, pardie. 1630 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime (new ed.) ii. 10 I pardi demanding..how they could take such an oath.., they answered. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xix. 160 Pardieu! le capitaine Odonnell be one. a1754 H. Fielding Fathers (1778) iii. 54 Pardie! Sir, your most humble servant. 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. i. 15 But, pardieu, he..knows all the Neviles by eye. 1897 F. Thompson Poems (1946) 173 As I went down by lane and lea The daisies reddened so, pardie! 1905 Baroness Orczy Scarlet Pimpernel v. 43 ‘Pardieu, my good man,’ said Lady Blakeney, with some impatience, ‘what are you standing in my way for?’ 1930 R. Kipling Miracle of St. Jubanus 7 He was of exemplary life. Pardi, he had to be! β. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 1895 For blessyd is hyr seed, whos dawghter shal be Modyr of blysse euerlastynge, perde.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 545 Bot how that euir it fell, perde, I trow he sall the varrar be.1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John xix. 115 A place perdye detestable.a1563 J. Bale King Johan (1969) ii. 2102 Simon of Swynsett my very name is, per dee.1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 281 And if the king like not the tragedy, Why then belike he likes it not perdy [1623 perdie].a1666 R. Fanshawe tr. A. Hurtado de Mendoza Querer por solo Querer (1670) ii. 72 Perdie, to see thee in this plain, Grypes many a sprunt and jolly Swain.1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence i. xxi Not to move on, perdie, is all they can.1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 39 Perdé! he thoucht he was in's boat, Sailin' for pastime and for play.1858 C. Kingsley Red King 32 There's Tyrrel as sour as I, perdie.1905 A. C. Swinburne Poems III. 134 For all my subtle wiles, perdie, God wot I loved him well enow. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < int.adv.c1300
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