participialn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌpɑːtᵻˈsɪpɪəl/, U.S.

/ˌpɑrdəˈsɪpiəl/

Forms: 1500s participiall, 1500s paticipial (irregular), 1500s– participial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin participiālis.

Etymology: < classical Latin participiālis of or relating to a participle (in this form apparently first in post-classical Latin (5th cent.); usually in form participālis : see participal adj.) < participium (see participle n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin participiale participle (6th cent.), French participial (adjective; c1380 in Middle French).

Grammar.

A. n.

A verbal derivative of the nature of or similar to a participle.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > participle

participlea1398

participial1570

subordinator1887

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Giv ^v/2 Mete is also the signe of some verbals in bilis, and of paticipials in dus as Mete to beloued.

1590 J. Stockwood Eng. Accidence 47 A participial..is taken for an adiectiue like a participle, but yet in deede no participle, bicause he doth not signifie time.

1665 R. Johnson Scholars Guide 6 The Latine tongue loves Verbals, Participials, Gerundives, and Participles of the future in rus.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Participial..an Adjective derived from a Verb, though not an absolute Participle.

1857 J. W. Gibbs Philol. Stud. 117 The more ancient languages had participials, where the more modern have subordinate clauses.

a1861 J. W. Gibbs in Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (1886) The new philology embraces the participle, the infinitive, the gerund, and the supine, all under the general name of participials.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 483/2 Shkūpetar has been variously interpreted. According to Hahn it is a participial from shkyipoij, ‘I understand,’ signifying ‘he who knows’ the native language.

1994 R. A. Berman & D. I. Slobin Relating Events in Narr. 140 Nine-year-olds and adults also use nonfinite participials with the modifying function of relative clauses, e.g., The dog was shaking the tree with the beehive hanging from it.

B. adj.

Of the nature of a participle; of, relating to, or involving a participle.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > participial

participial1591

participialized1888

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Gram. sig. D4^v You shall sometime finde a participiall voice of the present tense, as Amante..but they are rather nounes adiectiues then participles.

1612 J. Brinsley Posing of Parts f. 41 Doe all Nounes Participials require a Genitiue case?

1789 N. Webster Diss. Eng. Lang. iv. 279 Another form of expression, peculiar to our language, is the participial noun, a word derived from a verb, and having the properties, both of a verb and a noun; as, ‘I heard of his acquiring a large estate’.

1845 Proc. Philol. Soc. 2 75 In Anglo-Saxon, a whole class of nouns—the participial nouns ending in nd—are peculiarly apt to take a collective meaning.

1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity I. 213 (note) In the participial constructions of this chapter..the sentences sometimes have an unfinished look.

1954 Acta Universitatis Carolinae 7 35 In the present article, the term ‘semi-sentence’ constructions covers both participial and infinitive phrases.

1991 R. M. W. Dixon New Approach to Eng. Gram. ix. 302 The passive construction involves a participial form of the verb.

2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 June 16/1 That said is an abbreviated form of the absolutive participial phrase ‘(With) that (having been) said’.

Compounds

participial adjective n. an adjective that is a participle in origin and form.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > adjective > [noun] > adjective in form of participle

participial adjective1755

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. ⁋36 A thinking man, a man of prudence; a pacing horse, a horse that can pace; these I have ventured to call participial adjectives.

1892 F. Hall in Nation (N.Y.) 55 335/1 A participial adjective docked of its termination.

1929 Amer. Speech 4 187 The question seems to be..whether it might not be more satisfactory to attempt the clarification of that point by employing the nounal adjective ‘hull’ instead of the participial adjective ‘hulled’.

1961 R. B. Long Sentence & its Parts v. 121 Combinations of be and participial-adjective complements are identical with passives in form.

1993 Amer. Speech 68 324 Creations in which the verbal noun and participial adjective (contrapting/contrapted) presuppose a nonexistent, back-formed verb (to contrapt) based on the original, nonce-created noun (contraption).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	participial
释义	participialn.adj. Brit. /ˌpɑːtᵻˈsɪpɪəl/, U.S. /ˌpɑrdəˈsɪpiəl/ Forms: 1500s participiall, 1500s paticipial (irregular), 1500s– participial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin participiālis. Etymology: < classical Latin participiālis of or relating to a participle (in this form apparently first in post-classical Latin (5th cent.); usually in form participālis : see participal adj.) < participium (see participle n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin participiale participle (6th cent.), French participial (adjective; c1380 in Middle French). Grammar. A. n. A verbal derivative of the nature of or similar to a participle. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > participle participlea1398 participial1570 subordinator1887 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Giv ^v/2 Mete is also the signe of some verbals in bilis, and of paticipials in dus as Mete to beloued. 1590 J. Stockwood Eng. Accidence 47 A participial..is taken for an adiectiue like a participle, but yet in deede no participle, bicause he doth not signifie time. 1665 R. Johnson Scholars Guide 6 The Latine tongue loves Verbals, Participials, Gerundives, and Participles of the future in rus. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Participial..an Adjective derived from a Verb, though not an absolute Participle. 1857 J. W. Gibbs Philol. Stud. 117 The more ancient languages had participials, where the more modern have subordinate clauses. a1861 J. W. Gibbs in Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (1886) The new philology embraces the participle, the infinitive, the gerund, and the supine, all under the general name of participials. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 483/2 Shkūpetar has been variously interpreted. According to Hahn it is a participial from shkyipoij, ‘I understand,’ signifying ‘he who knows’ the native language. 1994 R. A. Berman & D. I. Slobin Relating Events in Narr. 140 Nine-year-olds and adults also use nonfinite participials with the modifying function of relative clauses, e.g., The dog was shaking the tree with the beehive hanging from it. B. adj. Of the nature of a participle; of, relating to, or involving a participle. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > participial participial1591 participialized1888 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Gram. sig. D4^v You shall sometime finde a participiall voice of the present tense, as Amante..but they are rather nounes adiectiues then participles. 1612 J. Brinsley Posing of Parts f. 41 Doe all Nounes Participials require a Genitiue case? 1789 N. Webster Diss. Eng. Lang. iv. 279 Another form of expression, peculiar to our language, is the participial noun, a word derived from a verb, and having the properties, both of a verb and a noun; as, ‘I heard of his acquiring a large estate’. 1845 Proc. Philol. Soc. 2 75 In Anglo-Saxon, a whole class of nouns—the participial nouns ending in nd—are peculiarly apt to take a collective meaning. 1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity I. 213 (note) In the participial constructions of this chapter..the sentences sometimes have an unfinished look. 1954 Acta Universitatis Carolinae 7 35 In the present article, the term ‘semi-sentence’ constructions covers both participial and infinitive phrases. 1991 R. M. W. Dixon New Approach to Eng. Gram. ix. 302 The passive construction involves a participial form of the verb. 2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 June 16/1 That said is an abbreviated form of the absolutive participial phrase ‘(With) that (having been) said’. Compounds participial adjective n. an adjective that is a participle in origin and form. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > adjective > [noun] > adjective in form of participle participial adjective1755 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. ⁋36 A thinking man, a man of prudence; a pacing horse, a horse that can pace; these I have ventured to call participial adjectives. 1892 F. Hall in Nation (N.Y.) 55 335/1 A participial adjective docked of its termination. 1929 Amer. Speech 4 187 The question seems to be..whether it might not be more satisfactory to attempt the clarification of that point by employing the nounal adjective ‘hull’ instead of the participial adjective ‘hulled’. 1961 R. B. Long Sentence & its Parts v. 121 Combinations of be and participial-adjective complements are identical with passives in form. 1993 Amer. Speech 68 324 Creations in which the verbal noun and participial adjective (contrapting/contrapted) presuppose a nonexistent, back-formed verb (to contrapt) based on the original, nonce-created noun (contraption). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1570
随便看	self-reproaching self-reproachingly self-reproachingness self-reproachment self-reproducing self-reproduction self-reproductive self-reproof self-reproofs self-reproval self-reproved self-reproving self-repugnance self-repugnancy self-repugnant self-repulsion self-repulsive self-reputation self-rescuer self-respect self-respectful self-respectfulness self-respecting self-responsibility self-restoration