Parisn.

Brit.

/ˈparɪs/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəs/

Forms: Middle English Parez, Middle English Parissh, Middle English Parrys, Middle English Parysch, Middle English Parysh, Middle English Perase, Middle English Peris, Middle English–1500s Parys, Middle English– Paris, 1500s Pares, 1500s Parryes, 1500s Parrys, 1600s Parris; Scottish pre-1700 Pareis, pre-1700 Pares, pre-1700 Parise, pre-1700 Paroise, pre-1700 Parreis, pre-1700 Parys, pre-1700 1700s– Paris, 1900s– Pairis. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Paris.

Etymology: < Paris (French Paris ), the name of the capital of France (see Parisian n. and adj.).Paris occurs as a place name in English contexts from Old English onwards.

1. Paris candle n. a kind of large wax candle, esp. one used on an altar; = percher n.¹ Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > wax candle > of certain size

Paris candlea1307

tortis1404

beeter1578

a1307 Wardrobe Acct. Edw. I in J. Parker Our Eng. Home (1860) 91 William Whyte, taloughchaundler, for iii dozen ix lb. paris candell.

1404–5 in H. E. Salter Churchwardens' Accts. St. Michael's Oxf. (1933) 3 (MED) Pro i libra Paris candel id. ob.

1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 121 iij dosen and ix lb' of paris candell'.

?a1527 in Regulations & Establishm. Househ. Earl of Northumberland (1905) 2 Of Parisch Candle viij. dosson x lb.

1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Kanwyll baris, a pares candel.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Perchers, the Paris-Candles formerly us'd in England; also the bigger sort of Candles, especially of Wax, which were commonly set upon the Altars.

1882 Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 448/2 The King buying for St. James's and Durham Place beer, Gascoigne wine, wax, Paris candles,..cods, lings. salmons, eels [etc.].

1913 Econ. Jrnl. 23 279 The modern economist may not even care to know that the saucemakers and sellers of Paris candles were specially interested in that pageant.

a. attributive. Designating articles or materials made in Paris, as Paris cloth, Paris cup, †Paris mantle, Paris net, Paris shirt, Paris silk, †Paris thread, etc.; (now) esp. designating garments or fashions produced in or associated with Paris, often with connotation of exclusiveness or expensiveness, as Paris cut, Paris dress, Paris felt, Paris gown, Paris hat, etc. Also locative in Paris-made adj.

ΚΠ

1382 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 475 (MED) [A certain veil, called a] Parys kuverchief.

1384 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 241 [Two hoods, one of silk and the other of] Paristhred.

1445–6 Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall No. A71.11a (MED) Parys silk, i litill fardell.

1545 Rates Custome House sig. cij^v Paris mantyls the pece.

1552 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 123 Item, v unce Paris silk to styk the samin [cloik].

1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) sig. Av Blankets called Paris mantles, red or coloured the peece xiii.s. iiiid.

1598 J. Stow Svrvay of London 222 A song called London Lickepennie, made by Lidgate... In westcheape (saith the song) he was called on to buy fine lawne, Paris thread, cotton Vmple, and other linnen clothes.

1603 Draperies sold at Norwich in 38th Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1907) 444 Fustyans of Naples..Paris clothes..sattins of Cipres, Spanish sattins.

1612 Bk. Customs & Valuation in A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 331 Lyons or Pareis threid.

1662 in Statutes at Large, Ireland (1765) II. 464 Fyllozell or Paris silk.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlv. 80 In the evening, [I] dressed myself in a plain suit of the true Paris cut.

1759 Newport (Rhode Island) Mercury 26 June 4/3 To be sold by James Richardson,..plain Gauze, Parisnets, gimp and floss Garland.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1778 II. 247 A Paris-made wig.

a1809 H. Cowley Day in Turkey II. iii, in Wks. (1813) 27 They may be the last Paris cut for aught I know—I have not been there exactly lately.

1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 5th Ser. 172 The plush for the larger number of silk hats is woven in Lancashire; but for ‘Paris hats’, as they are called, it is woven in France.

1853 J. B. Felt Customs New Eng. 119 They were at first called sombreros,..slouches, and California hats,..but latterly, by some, Paris felts.

1870 ‘F. Fern’ Ginger-snaps 238 Her husband was in the hot, smoky city, earning more money for more ‘Paris’ dresses.

1896 E. Turner Little Larrikin xiii. 141 The commanding presence in the Paris gown.

1937 N. Coward Present Indicative i. 28 I can smell the eau-de-Cologne, see..the stripes on his Paris shirt.

1951 C. Porter Kiss me Kate 108 Mr. Harris, plutocrat, Wants to give my cheek a pat, If the Harris pat Means a Paris hat—Bé-bé.

1991 Toronto Star (Nexis) 28 Sept. k17 Queen Narriman, whose Paris-made gown was embroidered with 20,000 diamonds.

2003 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 1 June 14 It was common for women bringing back expensive Paris dresses to remove the labels to avoid paying heavy duties.

†b. Paris crisp n. Obsolete a thin or delicate textile fabric; a head-covering or veil made of this fabric.

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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric with specific qualities > [noun] > thin, light, or delicate

valencec1381

Paris crisp1400

rill1440

tuke1477

utter-fine1529

Worcester1551

cypress1577

borato1578

burat1588

quintain1674

tissue1732

zephyrine1820

summer weight1873

Palm Beach1913

sheer1934

1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 3 (MED) Pro x dusenis pariscrisp.

†c. Paris work n. Obsolete a style of manufacture or craftsmanship, esp. in jewellery or embroidery, used in or associated with Paris.

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society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > style or manner of

makea1325

workinga1382

Paris work1423

facturec1425

opificec1616

technica1782

technique1883

technic1905

1423 in H. E. Salter Registrum Cancellarii Oxoniensis (1932) I. 252 (MED) Lego..j tuallum ad lavandum de paryswerk tercium meliorem.

1611 Edinb. Test. XLVI. f. 274, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Paris Ane..saltfat of Parreis wark.

†d. Paris head n. Obsolete a style of headdress from Paris, probably made of white linen; (perhaps) = French hood n.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > other

dorlot1340

horn1340

vitremytec1386

templesc1430

bycocket1464

burlet1490

knapscall1498

shapion1504

shaffron1511

paste1527

attire1530

faille1530

muzzle1542

corneta1547

abacot1548

wase1548

wrapper1548

tiring1552

basket1555

bilimenta1556

Paris head1561

shadow1578

head-roll1583

mitre1585

whitehead1588

crispa1592

ship-tire1602

oreillet1603

scoffion1604

coif1617

aigrette1631

egreta1645

drail1647

topknotc1686

slop1688

Burgundy1701

bandore1708

fly-cap1753

capriole1756

lappet-head1761

fly1773

turban1776

pouf1788

knapscapa1802

chip1804

toque1817

bonnet1837

casquette1840

war bonnet1845

taj1851

pugree1859

kennel1896

roach1910

Deely bobber1982

1561 in S. Adams Househ. Accts. R. Dudley (1995) 132 Paid for a parryes head with other furnyture for the chieff mourner at my ladies buryall..ls. ijd.

c1596 in Gentleman's Mag. (1819) 89 i. 23 Next after them came the Lady Strange..in her paris head, tippit, wimple, vaile [etc.].

e. Paris doll n. a dummy or mannequin dressed in the latest fashion, used by dressmakers as a model. Formerly also in †Paris baby (obsolete). Also figurative.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > modelling or displaying clothing > [noun] > lay figure or dummy

Paris doll1745

clothes-dummy1871

mannequin1939

1745 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 553/1 But Paris-dolls, by fashion and mamma, Tricked off, ‘all glare without distinction gay’.

1761 H. Mann Let. 2 May in H. Walpole Corr. (1960) XXI. 501 His wife..is the Paris doll here, but too outrée to be followed.

1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Paris baby, same as Paris doll.

1950 P. Bottome Under Skin xii. 106 The Paris doll, splendid in turquoise-blue taffeta under a golden lamé coatee, was poised within reach of Henriette's hand.

f. Paris cap n. a woman's close-fitting headdress worn in the mid 16th cent. Now historical.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > jewelled

Paris cap1753

Juliet cap1909

1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 24 Two very ugly Monkeys, dressed out..with Paris Caps, and well chosen Petonlair and Petticoat.

1966 J. Stevens Cox Illustr. Dict. Hairdressing & Wigmaking 109/1 Paris cap, a woman's head-dress of the mid-sixteenth century. It fitted the head closely with a jewelled band running over the top of the head and ending in a point on the cheeks.

g. Paris embroidery n. a kind of fine white appliqué embroidery.

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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > done with specific thread or yarn

orphreyc1330

zardozi1871

bullion embroidery1882

Paris embroidery1882

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > other types of embroidery

straw embroidery1862

phulkari1872

bullion embroidery1882

Paris embroidery1882

pattern darning1906

needle-weaving1932

Bargello1942

1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 378/1 Paris Embroidery.—This is a simple variety of Satin Stitch worked upon Piqué with fine white cord for washing articles, and upon coloured rep silk, or fine cloth with filoselles for other materials.

1969 R. T. Wilcox Dict. Costume (1970) 259/2 Paris embroidery, a fine white cord embroidery appliquéd in satin stitch on piqué. Used in washable linens and garment accessories.

h. Paris binding n. a braid used in dressmaking for covering raw edges (see quot. 1964).

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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > braid > specific

parchment lace1542

lace1548

lacing1593

Naples lace1612

mignonette1721

struntain1793

French braid1809

lacet1822

Russia braid1825

Russian braid1839

soutache1856

mignardise1868

galloon1877

rickrack1880

Greek braid1894

vermicelli braid1904

tracing-braid1906

Paris binding1918

oak-leaf braid1934

1918 E. Wallbank & M. Wallbank Dress Cutting & Making x. 65 For binding skirt seams, use ½″ lute or Paris binding with one edge folded over rather less than half the width.

1964 C. Penton ABC of Sewing 64/1 Paris binding, a braid ½″ wide used for covering raw edges cut on the straight, and slip-stitched to the fabric beneath.

†a. Paris plasterer n. a person who uses or applies plaster of Paris. Obsolete. rare.

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society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > decorator > [noun] > maker of decorative plasterwork

plasterman1503

Paris plasterer?1518

plasterer1615

stuccadore1766

stuccoist1825

scagliolist1827

plasterworker1909

?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.vi Parys plasterers, daubers, and lyme borners.

b. Paris plaster n. = plaster of Paris n. Now rare.

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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] > plaster of Paris

plastera1387

plaster of Parisa1425

yesoa1533

gesso1596

gypsum1646

Paris plaster1855

stucco1897

hemi-hydrate1909

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 205 Her bosome sleake as Paris plaster, Helde vp two balles of alabaster.

1687 in Bk. Old Edinb. Club (1949) 27 146 I tooke the mould of Michaell's face in paris plaster.

1855 Ecclesiologist 16 336 Mortar, Paris-plaster, sulphur, and even lead.

2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 21 Dec. 24 The exhibit features recent works in Paris Plaster and acrylics by Gonz Jove.

†4. Paris ball n. Obsolete a ball for use in real tennis.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > real tennis > [noun] > ball

tennis ballc1450

Paris ball1530

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. f. lvi^v I desyred you that when soeuer ye retourned agayne hyder that ye sholde brynge with you tenyse balles of Parys.]

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 240/1 Lytell paresball, estevf.

a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 53^v When the sariantes done tham Arest Their pawltners be puffid with paris [v.r. Parrys] balles Or with signettes of sainte martines.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. iv. 131 For that cause..I did present him with those Paris balles.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 407 A round swelling boony, like a Paris bal.

5. In the names of colours and various materials and preparations, esp. pigments and dyes, having a distinctive colour.

†a. Scottish. Paris black n. a kind of fine black fabric used for making clothes. Obsolete.

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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > of specific colour

Paris black1533

Pimlico1685

Nubian1899

1533 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 152 To the said Marchemond, to be him ane coit, iij½ elnis Pareis blak.

a1568 R. Sempill Jonet Reid 4 Bayth Pareiss blak and Inglis broun.

†b. Paris red n. (a) a shade of red; (b) finely ground ferric oxide, formerly used as a polish for glass, gold, silver, etc. Obsolete.

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the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > other reds

madderOE

stammel colour1567

Paris red1600

strawberry red1675

strawberry1688

cornelian1718

dahlia1846

Pompeian red1868

crushed strawberry1881

wallflower red1883

framboise1895

raspberry1918

1600 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 235 [The Captaine] bestowed vpon him a cloake of Paris red.

1705 tr. Whole Art of Dying ii. 81 Add..half an Ounce of Paris-Red, a sort of bastard Sandarac.

1893 Manufacturer & Builder 25 123/2 After cleaning the polished surface carefully with a piece of cotton wadding, Paris red, and a few drops of alcohol, it was exposed to the vapor of iodine contained in a closed box.

c. Paris blue n. Prussian blue.

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the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > blue colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs > other dyes

stone-blue1675

starch blue1742

Saxon blue1753

fig-blue1786

chemic1792

Turkey blue1815

Paris blue1835

Saxony blue1857

soluble blue1879

methylene blue1882

indoin1884

phenylene blue1884

indamine1888

Nile blue1888

gallamine blue1889

neutral blue1889

chrome-blue1892

toluidine blue1898

indanthrene1901

Saxe blue1905

trypan blue1911

mandarin blue1912

1835 G. Field Chromatogr. 111 [Cobalt blue] has been called Vienna blue, Paris blue, azure, and, very improperly, ultramarine.

1900 Daily News 4 June 2/6 Manufacturers of Paris blue, starch, and black lead.

1991 Artist Nov. 16/2 Prussian blue... Also called Antwerp blue, Paris Blue, Berlin blue.

d. Paris white n. a kind of finely ground whiting (whiting n.¹ 1) used in polishing; (also) chalk used in a manufacturing process. Now rare.

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the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitener > [noun] > whiting powder or stone

whitingeOE

whitening1638

hearthstone1705

Paris white1838

blanco1895

1838 C. H. Timperley Printers' Man. 109 To two pounds of glue add six pounds of molasses, and about half a pound of Paris-white, which will make the compo of a superior quality.

1846 Debow's Rev. Sept. 199 White and red lead; whiting, or Paris white; white vitriol, or sulphate of zinc.

1938 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) II. 518/2 Under the name ‘Paris white’, chalk is used in the manufacture of india-rubber goods, oilcloth, wallpaper, etc.

e. Paris green n. a vivid light green toxic pigment which is a mixed acetate and arsenite of copper and is used as an insecticide; also called schweinfurt green.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments

vert1481

verditer1505

green bice1548

sap1572

sap-green1578

terre-verte1658

verditer1665

ultramarine blue (or colour)1686

emerald1712

Prussian green1738

Saxon green1753

verditel1778

Brunswick green1790

mountain green1822

Vienna green1825

bladder-green1830

Verona green1835

mitis green1839

Paris green1847

Hooker's green1860

Guignet's green1862

emerald green1879

silk green1880

viridian1882

Cassel green1885

Milori green1885

Victoria green1890

Montpellier green1930

cadmium green1934

guaco1936

Monastral1936

1847 Sci. Amer. 1 May 256/2 Straw color is produced by the addition of a little chrome yellow to white: and pea green by the addition of Paris green.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 530/2 The best fruit farmers spray fruit trees regularly in the early spring..with quassia and soft soap and paraffin emulsions, and a very few with Paris green only.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 41/2 Arsenical compounds such as London purple and Paris green were the main insecticides for chewing insects.

†f. Paris lake n. Obsolete a red lake (lake n.⁶ 3) obtained by treating a solution of cochineal with an alkaline carbonate and alum; cf. carmine n. and adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > other red pigments

rosetc1450

crimson?a1475

patise1589

sandyx1601

lake1616

lac1682

red lac1682

light red1692

carmine1712

rose pink1732

Venetian red1753

fire-red1798

pink saucer1804

chica1818

Florentine lake1822

French red1844

Antwerp red1851

Paris lake1866

carajura1874

cadmium red1886

Chinese vermilion1886

Chinese red1892

terra rosa1897

vermilionette1897

Derby red1904

Monastral1936

1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 356 Paris lake, syn. with Carmine-lake.

g. Paris violet n. = methyl violet n. at methyl n. Compounds 3. Now rare.

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the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > purple dye or pigment > [noun]

turnsole1375

cork1483

jarecork1483

orchil1483

purple1519

purpurisse1519

archil1551

waycoriant1658

orchilla1703

cudbear1772

purple lake1785

imperial purple1788

mauve?1796

phenicin1823

French purple1830

indigo-purple1838

mauve1859

Perkin's mauve1859

violine1859

mauveine1863

purple of Cassiusc1865

tyroline1867

Paris violet1868

Hofmann violet1869

methyl violet1873

punicin1879

crystal violet1885

chrome violet1892

mineral violet1913

Monastral1936

manganese purple1937

1868 M. Reimann On Aniline & its Derivatives App. 132 We should here mention a violet colouring matter which was brought out in August, 1866, and which figured in the Exhibition under the name of Paris violet.

1923 Science 29 June 743/2 Methyl violet. Dahlia B. Paris violet.

6. attributive. Designating units of measurement originally used in Paris, and differing from corresponding ones used elsewhere, as Paris foot, †Paris inch, †Paris pint, †Paris weight.

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the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > length of foot > specific

Paul's foot1380

Rhineland foot1646

Rhinelandish foot1668

Paris foot1742

Rhenish foot1746

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > pint

pint1378

wine-pint1770

reputed pint1787

Paris pint1795

pt.1850

handle1909

1588 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. IV. 322 Ane quarter of an unce Pareis wecht.

1592 A. Munday tr. G. Telin Archaioplutos sig. O^v A pounde and a halfe of Haber du poise weight, lesse then the Paris pynt by eyght ounces.

1624 A. Huntar Treat. Weights & Meas. Scotl. 2 There was also a Trone stone weight which did wey 19 punds and 8 vnces of Parise weight.

1742 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 42 188 The Paris Foot..contains 12·785 English Inches.

1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 ii. 925 Ten quarts (or Paris pints).

1974 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 19 Oct. 4/5 In Quebec, some land is still legally described using the Paris foot (12.8 inches).

a. Geography. Paris basin n. the extensive lowland area of France in which Paris is situated, underlain by a shallow bowl-shaped formation of sedimentary strata of the Tertiary period.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > [noun] > specific

the fenc1540

low country1776

Paris basin1830

1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. ii. 52 Soldani..first remarked the alternation of marine and fresh-water strata in the Paris basin.

1902 A. J. Jukes-Browne Student's Handbk. Stratigr. Geol. xvi. 487 The Calcaire Grossier of the Paris Basin is succeeded by a group of sand.

1992 M. Gimbutas Lang. of Goddess iii. xxiii. 260 Repeated net squares and X's appear in the hypogea of Sardinia and caves of the Paris basin.

b. Paris gypsum n. gypsum from the Paris basin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum

spar-stonec1000

plastera1387

plaster stone1388

gyps1398

gesso1596

gypsum1646

gip1658

Paris gypsum1833

plaster rock1836

brushite1880

1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. xv. 204 These terrestrial quadrupeds belong to the genera Mastadon, rhinocerus, [sic] Hippopotamus, &c., the assemblage, considered as a whole, being very distinct from those of the Paris gypsum.

1870 T. H. Huxley in Proc. Geol. Soc. 26 p. xlvii Cuvier's wonderful researches upon the extinct Mammals of the Paris gypsum.

1918 R. S. Lull in Cent. Sci. in Amer. vi. 220 No common genera nor transitional forms connected the creatures of the Paris gypsum with the mastodons, elephants, and hippopotami which the later strata disclosed.

8. Paris daisy n. a plant of the family Asteraceae ( Compositae), Argyranthemum frutescens, native to the Canary Islands and having white-rayed flowers and greyish foliage; also called marguerite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > chrysanthemums

goldOE

buddle?a1350

great daisya1400

white bottlea1400

bigolda1500

maudlin-wort1552

chrysanthemum1578

ox-eyea1637

whiteweed1642

ox-eye daisy1731

moonflower1787

ox-daisy1813

ox-eyed daisy1817

pyrethrum1837

horse-gowan1842

marguerite1847

maudlin daisy1855

moon daisy1855

pompom1861

moon-penny1866

crown daisy1875

Korean chrysanthemum1877

Paris daisy1882

mum1891

Shasta daisy1901

chrysanth1920

penny-daisy1920

Korean1938

Nippon daisy1939

1882 Garden 16 Dec. 526/1 Paris Daisies, or white Marguerites, constitute just now one of the chief features in the gardens at Chiswick.

1943 B. O. Dodge & H. W. Rickett Dis. & Pests Ornamental Plants ii. 222 The bacteria also attack Chrysanthemum hortorum and C. frutescens, the Marguerite or Paris daisy.

2001 Independent 5 May (Weekend Review section) 13/6 Start to harden off bedding plants and other tender exotics such as Paris daisies, fuchsias and geraniums.

9. Economics. Paris Club n. a group of the major creditor nations of the International Monetary Fund, meeting informally in Paris to discuss the financial relations of IMF member nations. Cf. Group of 10 n. at group n. Phrases 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > types of economic system > international committee concerned with

the Seven1959

Group of 101963

Paris Club1963

G101964

Group of Five1973

G51977

Group of Eight1977

G81988

1963 Business Week 28 Sept. 94/2 The so-called ‘Paris Club’, the 10 leading industrial nations that two years ago agreed to lend each other money in times of currency crisis.

1987 Time 27 July 33/3 Some African debtors have..reduced interest charges through the Paris Club, an informal organization of 17 creditor countries.

1993 Independent on Sunday 4 Apr. (Business section) 10/1 The Paris Club of Western creditor governments agreed on Friday to stretch out repayments of the former Soviet Union's..foreign debt.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paris
释义	Parisn. Brit. /ˈparɪs/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəs/ Forms: Middle English Parez, Middle English Parissh, Middle English Parrys, Middle English Parysch, Middle English Parysh, Middle English Perase, Middle English Peris, Middle English–1500s Parys, Middle English– Paris, 1500s Pares, 1500s Parryes, 1500s Parrys, 1600s Parris; Scottish pre-1700 Pareis, pre-1700 Pares, pre-1700 Parise, pre-1700 Paroise, pre-1700 Parreis, pre-1700 Parys, pre-1700 1700s– Paris, 1900s– Pairis. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Paris. Etymology: < Paris (French Paris ), the name of the capital of France (see Parisian n. and adj.).Paris occurs as a place name in English contexts from Old English onwards. 1. Paris candle n. a kind of large wax candle, esp. one used on an altar; = percher n.¹ Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > wax candle > of certain size Paris candlea1307 tortis1404 beeter1578 a1307 Wardrobe Acct. Edw. I in J. Parker Our Eng. Home (1860) 91 William Whyte, taloughchaundler, for iii dozen ix lb. paris candell. 1404–5 in H. E. Salter Churchwardens' Accts. St. Michael's Oxf. (1933) 3 (MED) Pro i libra Paris candel id. ob. 1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 121 iij dosen and ix lb' of paris candell'. ?a1527 in Regulations & Establishm. Househ. Earl of Northumberland (1905) 2 Of Parisch Candle viij. dosson x lb. 1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Kanwyll baris, a pares candel. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Perchers, the Paris-Candles formerly us'd in England; also the bigger sort of Candles, especially of Wax, which were commonly set upon the Altars. 1882 Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 448/2 The King buying for St. James's and Durham Place beer, Gascoigne wine, wax, Paris candles,..cods, lings. salmons, eels [etc.]. 1913 Econ. Jrnl. 23 279 The modern economist may not even care to know that the saucemakers and sellers of Paris candles were specially interested in that pageant. 2. a. attributive. Designating articles or materials made in Paris, as Paris cloth, Paris cup, †Paris mantle, Paris net, Paris shirt, Paris silk, †Paris thread, etc.; (now) esp. designating garments or fashions produced in or associated with Paris, often with connotation of exclusiveness or expensiveness, as Paris cut, Paris dress, Paris felt, Paris gown, Paris hat, etc. Also locative in Paris-made adj. ΚΠ 1382 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 475 (MED) [A certain veil, called a] Parys kuverchief. 1384 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 241 [Two hoods, one of silk and the other of] Paristhred. 1445–6 Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall No. A71.11a (MED) Parys silk, i litill fardell. 1545 Rates Custome House sig. cij^v Paris mantyls the pece. 1552 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 123 Item, v unce Paris silk to styk the samin [cloik]. 1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) sig. Av Blankets called Paris mantles, red or coloured the peece xiii.s. iiiid. 1598 J. Stow Svrvay of London 222 A song called London Lickepennie, made by Lidgate... In westcheape (saith the song) he was called on to buy fine lawne, Paris thread, cotton Vmple, and other linnen clothes. 1603 Draperies sold at Norwich in 38th Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1907) 444 Fustyans of Naples..Paris clothes..sattins of Cipres, Spanish sattins. 1612 Bk. Customs & Valuation in A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 331 Lyons or Pareis threid. 1662 in Statutes at Large, Ireland (1765) II. 464 Fyllozell or Paris silk. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlv. 80 In the evening, [I] dressed myself in a plain suit of the true Paris cut. 1759 Newport (Rhode Island) Mercury 26 June 4/3 To be sold by James Richardson,..plain Gauze, Parisnets, gimp and floss Garland. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1778 II. 247 A Paris-made wig. a1809 H. Cowley Day in Turkey II. iii, in Wks. (1813) 27 They may be the last Paris cut for aught I know—I have not been there exactly lately. 1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 5th Ser. 172 The plush for the larger number of silk hats is woven in Lancashire; but for ‘Paris hats’, as they are called, it is woven in France. 1853 J. B. Felt Customs New Eng. 119 They were at first called sombreros,..slouches, and California hats,..but latterly, by some, Paris felts. 1870 ‘F. Fern’ Ginger-snaps 238 Her husband was in the hot, smoky city, earning more money for more ‘Paris’ dresses. 1896 E. Turner Little Larrikin xiii. 141 The commanding presence in the Paris gown. 1937 N. Coward Present Indicative i. 28 I can smell the eau-de-Cologne, see..the stripes on his Paris shirt. 1951 C. Porter Kiss me Kate 108 Mr. Harris, plutocrat, Wants to give my cheek a pat, If the Harris pat Means a Paris hat—Bé-bé. 1991 Toronto Star (Nexis) 28 Sept. k17 Queen Narriman, whose Paris-made gown was embroidered with 20,000 diamonds. 2003 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 1 June 14 It was common for women bringing back expensive Paris dresses to remove the labels to avoid paying heavy duties. †b. Paris crisp n. Obsolete a thin or delicate textile fabric; a head-covering or veil made of this fabric. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric with specific qualities > [noun] > thin, light, or delicate valencec1381 Paris crisp1400 rill1440 tuke1477 utter-fine1529 Worcester1551 cypress1577 borato1578 burat1588 quintain1674 tissue1732 zephyrine1820 summer weight1873 Palm Beach1913 sheer1934 1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 3 (MED) Pro x dusenis pariscrisp. †c. Paris work n. Obsolete a style of manufacture or craftsmanship, esp. in jewellery or embroidery, used in or associated with Paris. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > style or manner of makea1325 workinga1382 Paris work1423 facturec1425 opificec1616 technica1782 technique1883 technic1905 1423 in H. E. Salter Registrum Cancellarii Oxoniensis (1932) I. 252 (MED) Lego..j tuallum ad lavandum de paryswerk tercium meliorem. 1611 Edinb. Test. XLVI. f. 274, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Paris Ane..saltfat of Parreis wark. †d. Paris head n. Obsolete a style of headdress from Paris, probably made of white linen; (perhaps) = French hood n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > other dorlot1340 horn1340 vitremytec1386 templesc1430 bycocket1464 burlet1490 knapscall1498 shapion1504 shaffron1511 paste1527 attire1530 faille1530 muzzle1542 corneta1547 abacot1548 wase1548 wrapper1548 tiring1552 basket1555 bilimenta1556 Paris head1561 shadow1578 head-roll1583 mitre1585 whitehead1588 crispa1592 ship-tire1602 oreillet1603 scoffion1604 coif1617 aigrette1631 egreta1645 drail1647 topknotc1686 slop1688 Burgundy1701 bandore1708 fly-cap1753 capriole1756 lappet-head1761 fly1773 turban1776 pouf1788 knapscapa1802 chip1804 toque1817 bonnet1837 casquette1840 war bonnet1845 taj1851 pugree1859 kennel1896 roach1910 Deely bobber1982 1561 in S. Adams Househ. Accts. R. Dudley (1995) 132 Paid for a parryes head with other furnyture for the chieff mourner at my ladies buryall..ls. ijd. c1596 in Gentleman's Mag. (1819) 89 i. 23 Next after them came the Lady Strange..in her paris head, tippit, wimple, vaile [etc.]. e. Paris doll n. a dummy or mannequin dressed in the latest fashion, used by dressmakers as a model. Formerly also in †Paris baby (obsolete). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > modelling or displaying clothing > [noun] > lay figure or dummy Paris doll1745 clothes-dummy1871 mannequin1939 1745 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 553/1 But Paris-dolls, by fashion and mamma, Tricked off, ‘all glare without distinction gay’. 1761 H. Mann Let. 2 May in H. Walpole Corr. (1960) XXI. 501 His wife..is the Paris doll here, but too outrée to be followed. 1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Paris baby, same as Paris doll. 1950 P. Bottome Under Skin xii. 106 The Paris doll, splendid in turquoise-blue taffeta under a golden lamé coatee, was poised within reach of Henriette's hand. f. Paris cap n. a woman's close-fitting headdress worn in the mid 16th cent. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > jewelled Paris cap1753 Juliet cap1909 1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 24 Two very ugly Monkeys, dressed out..with Paris Caps, and well chosen Petonlair and Petticoat. 1966 J. Stevens Cox Illustr. Dict. Hairdressing & Wigmaking 109/1 Paris cap, a woman's head-dress of the mid-sixteenth century. It fitted the head closely with a jewelled band running over the top of the head and ending in a point on the cheeks. g. Paris embroidery n. a kind of fine white appliqué embroidery. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > done with specific thread or yarn orphreyc1330 zardozi1871 bullion embroidery1882 Paris embroidery1882 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > other types of embroidery straw embroidery1862 phulkari1872 bullion embroidery1882 Paris embroidery1882 pattern darning1906 needle-weaving1932 Bargello1942 1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 378/1 Paris Embroidery.—This is a simple variety of Satin Stitch worked upon Piqué with fine white cord for washing articles, and upon coloured rep silk, or fine cloth with filoselles for other materials. 1969 R. T. Wilcox Dict. Costume (1970) 259/2 Paris embroidery, a fine white cord embroidery appliquéd in satin stitch on piqué. Used in washable linens and garment accessories. h. Paris binding n. a braid used in dressmaking for covering raw edges (see quot. 1964). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > braid > specific parchment lace1542 lace1548 lacing1593 Naples lace1612 mignonette1721 struntain1793 French braid1809 lacet1822 Russia braid1825 Russian braid1839 soutache1856 mignardise1868 galloon1877 rickrack1880 Greek braid1894 vermicelli braid1904 tracing-braid1906 Paris binding1918 oak-leaf braid1934 1918 E. Wallbank & M. Wallbank Dress Cutting & Making x. 65 For binding skirt seams, use ½″ lute or Paris binding with one edge folded over rather less than half the width. 1964 C. Penton ABC of Sewing 64/1 Paris binding, a braid ½″ wide used for covering raw edges cut on the straight, and slip-stitched to the fabric beneath. 3. †a. Paris plasterer n. a person who uses or applies plaster of Paris. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > decorator > [noun] > maker of decorative plasterwork plasterman1503 Paris plasterer?1518 plasterer1615 stuccadore1766 stuccoist1825 scagliolist1827 plasterworker1909 ?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.vi Parys plasterers, daubers, and lyme borners. b. Paris plaster n. = plaster of Paris n. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] > plaster of Paris plastera1387 plaster of Parisa1425 yesoa1533 gesso1596 gypsum1646 Paris plaster1855 stucco1897 hemi-hydrate1909 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 205 Her bosome sleake as Paris plaster, Helde vp two balles of alabaster. 1687 in Bk. Old Edinb. Club (1949) 27 146 I tooke the mould of Michaell's face in paris plaster. 1855 Ecclesiologist 16 336 Mortar, Paris-plaster, sulphur, and even lead. 2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 21 Dec. 24 The exhibit features recent works in Paris Plaster and acrylics by Gonz Jove. †4. Paris ball n. Obsolete a ball for use in real tennis. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > real tennis > [noun] > ball tennis ballc1450 Paris ball1530 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. f. lvi^v I desyred you that when soeuer ye retourned agayne hyder that ye sholde brynge with you tenyse balles of Parys.] 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 240/1 Lytell paresball, estevf. a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 53^v When the sariantes done tham Arest Their pawltners be puffid with paris [v.r. Parrys] balles Or with signettes of sainte martines. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. iv. 131 For that cause..I did present him with those Paris balles. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 407 A round swelling boony, like a Paris bal. 5. In the names of colours and various materials and preparations, esp. pigments and dyes, having a distinctive colour. †a. Scottish. Paris black n. a kind of fine black fabric used for making clothes. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > of specific colour Paris black1533 Pimlico1685 Nubian1899 1533 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 152 To the said Marchemond, to be him ane coit, iij½ elnis Pareis blak. a1568 R. Sempill Jonet Reid 4 Bayth Pareiss blak and Inglis broun. †b. Paris red n. (a) a shade of red; (b) finely ground ferric oxide, formerly used as a polish for glass, gold, silver, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > other reds madderOE stammel colour1567 Paris red1600 strawberry red1675 strawberry1688 cornelian1718 dahlia1846 Pompeian red1868 crushed strawberry1881 wallflower red1883 framboise1895 raspberry1918 1600 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 235 [The Captaine] bestowed vpon him a cloake of Paris red. 1705 tr. Whole Art of Dying ii. 81 Add..half an Ounce of Paris-Red, a sort of bastard Sandarac. 1893 Manufacturer & Builder 25 123/2 After cleaning the polished surface carefully with a piece of cotton wadding, Paris red, and a few drops of alcohol, it was exposed to the vapor of iodine contained in a closed box. c. Paris blue n. Prussian blue. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > blue colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs > other dyes stone-blue1675 starch blue1742 Saxon blue1753 fig-blue1786 chemic1792 Turkey blue1815 Paris blue1835 Saxony blue1857 soluble blue1879 methylene blue1882 indoin1884 phenylene blue1884 indamine1888 Nile blue1888 gallamine blue1889 neutral blue1889 chrome-blue1892 toluidine blue1898 indanthrene1901 Saxe blue1905 trypan blue1911 mandarin blue1912 1835 G. Field Chromatogr. 111 [Cobalt blue] has been called Vienna blue, Paris blue, azure, and, very improperly, ultramarine. 1900 Daily News 4 June 2/6 Manufacturers of Paris blue, starch, and black lead. 1991 Artist Nov. 16/2 Prussian blue... Also called Antwerp blue, Paris Blue, Berlin blue. d. Paris white n. a kind of finely ground whiting (whiting n.¹ 1) used in polishing; (also) chalk used in a manufacturing process. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitener > [noun] > whiting powder or stone whitingeOE whitening1638 hearthstone1705 Paris white1838 blanco1895 1838 C. H. Timperley Printers' Man. 109 To two pounds of glue add six pounds of molasses, and about half a pound of Paris-white, which will make the compo of a superior quality. 1846 Debow's Rev. Sept. 199 White and red lead; whiting, or Paris white; white vitriol, or sulphate of zinc. 1938 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) II. 518/2 Under the name ‘Paris white’, chalk is used in the manufacture of india-rubber goods, oilcloth, wallpaper, etc. e. Paris green n. a vivid light green toxic pigment which is a mixed acetate and arsenite of copper and is used as an insecticide; also called schweinfurt green. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments vert1481 verditer1505 green bice1548 sap1572 sap-green1578 terre-verte1658 verditer1665 ultramarine blue (or colour)1686 emerald1712 Prussian green1738 Saxon green1753 verditel1778 Brunswick green1790 mountain green1822 Vienna green1825 bladder-green1830 Verona green1835 mitis green1839 Paris green1847 Hooker's green1860 Guignet's green1862 emerald green1879 silk green1880 viridian1882 Cassel green1885 Milori green1885 Victoria green1890 Montpellier green1930 cadmium green1934 guaco1936 Monastral1936 1847 Sci. Amer. 1 May 256/2 Straw color is produced by the addition of a little chrome yellow to white: and pea green by the addition of Paris green. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 530/2 The best fruit farmers spray fruit trees regularly in the early spring..with quassia and soft soap and paraffin emulsions, and a very few with Paris green only. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 41/2 Arsenical compounds such as London purple and Paris green were the main insecticides for chewing insects. †f. Paris lake n. Obsolete a red lake (lake n.⁶ 3) obtained by treating a solution of cochineal with an alkaline carbonate and alum; cf. carmine n. and adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > other red pigments rosetc1450 crimson?a1475 patise1589 sandyx1601 lake1616 lac1682 red lac1682 light red1692 carmine1712 rose pink1732 Venetian red1753 fire-red1798 pink saucer1804 chica1818 Florentine lake1822 French red1844 Antwerp red1851 Paris lake1866 carajura1874 cadmium red1886 Chinese vermilion1886 Chinese red1892 terra rosa1897 vermilionette1897 Derby red1904 Monastral1936 1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 356 Paris lake, syn. with Carmine-lake. g. Paris violet n. = methyl violet n. at methyl n. Compounds 3. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > purple dye or pigment > [noun] turnsole1375 cork1483 jarecork1483 orchil1483 purple1519 purpurisse1519 archil1551 waycoriant1658 orchilla1703 cudbear1772 purple lake1785 imperial purple1788 mauve?1796 phenicin1823 French purple1830 indigo-purple1838 mauve1859 Perkin's mauve1859 violine1859 mauveine1863 purple of Cassiusc1865 tyroline1867 Paris violet1868 Hofmann violet1869 methyl violet1873 punicin1879 crystal violet1885 chrome violet1892 mineral violet1913 Monastral1936 manganese purple1937 1868 M. Reimann On Aniline & its Derivatives App. 132 We should here mention a violet colouring matter which was brought out in August, 1866, and which figured in the Exhibition under the name of Paris violet. 1923 Science 29 June 743/2 Methyl violet. Dahlia B. Paris violet. 6. attributive. Designating units of measurement originally used in Paris, and differing from corresponding ones used elsewhere, as Paris foot, †Paris inch, †Paris pint, †Paris weight. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > length of foot > specific Paul's foot1380 Rhineland foot1646 Rhinelandish foot1668 Paris foot1742 Rhenish foot1746 the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > pint pint1378 wine-pint1770 reputed pint1787 Paris pint1795 pt.1850 handle1909 1588 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. IV. 322 Ane quarter of an unce Pareis wecht. 1592 A. Munday tr. G. Telin Archaioplutos sig. O^v A pounde and a halfe of Haber du poise weight, lesse then the Paris pynt by eyght ounces. 1624 A. Huntar Treat. Weights & Meas. Scotl. 2 There was also a Trone stone weight which did wey 19 punds and 8 vnces of Parise weight. 1742 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 42 188 The Paris Foot..contains 12·785 English Inches. 1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 ii. 925 Ten quarts (or Paris pints). 1974 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 19 Oct. 4/5 In Quebec, some land is still legally described using the Paris foot (12.8 inches). 7. a. Geography. Paris basin n. the extensive lowland area of France in which Paris is situated, underlain by a shallow bowl-shaped formation of sedimentary strata of the Tertiary period. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > [noun] > specific the fenc1540 low country1776 Paris basin1830 1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. ii. 52 Soldani..first remarked the alternation of marine and fresh-water strata in the Paris basin. 1902 A. J. Jukes-Browne Student's Handbk. Stratigr. Geol. xvi. 487 The Calcaire Grossier of the Paris Basin is succeeded by a group of sand. 1992 M. Gimbutas Lang. of Goddess iii. xxiii. 260 Repeated net squares and X's appear in the hypogea of Sardinia and caves of the Paris basin. b. Paris gypsum n. gypsum from the Paris basin. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum spar-stonec1000 plastera1387 plaster stone1388 gyps1398 gesso1596 gypsum1646 gip1658 Paris gypsum1833 plaster rock1836 brushite1880 1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. xv. 204 These terrestrial quadrupeds belong to the genera Mastadon, rhinocerus, [sic] Hippopotamus, &c., the assemblage, considered as a whole, being very distinct from those of the Paris gypsum. 1870 T. H. Huxley in Proc. Geol. Soc. 26 p. xlvii Cuvier's wonderful researches upon the extinct Mammals of the Paris gypsum. 1918 R. S. Lull in Cent. Sci. in Amer. vi. 220 No common genera nor transitional forms connected the creatures of the Paris gypsum with the mastodons, elephants, and hippopotami which the later strata disclosed. 8. Paris daisy n. a plant of the family Asteraceae ( Compositae), Argyranthemum frutescens, native to the Canary Islands and having white-rayed flowers and greyish foliage; also called marguerite. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > chrysanthemums goldOE buddle?a1350 great daisya1400 white bottlea1400 bigolda1500 maudlin-wort1552 chrysanthemum1578 ox-eyea1637 whiteweed1642 ox-eye daisy1731 moonflower1787 ox-daisy1813 ox-eyed daisy1817 pyrethrum1837 horse-gowan1842 marguerite1847 maudlin daisy1855 moon daisy1855 pompom1861 moon-penny1866 crown daisy1875 Korean chrysanthemum1877 Paris daisy1882 mum1891 Shasta daisy1901 chrysanth1920 penny-daisy1920 Korean1938 Nippon daisy1939 1882 Garden 16 Dec. 526/1 Paris Daisies, or white Marguerites, constitute just now one of the chief features in the gardens at Chiswick. 1943 B. O. Dodge & H. W. Rickett Dis. & Pests Ornamental Plants ii. 222 The bacteria also attack Chrysanthemum hortorum and C. frutescens, the Marguerite or Paris daisy. 2001 Independent 5 May (Weekend Review section) 13/6 Start to harden off bedding plants and other tender exotics such as Paris daisies, fuchsias and geraniums. 9. Economics. Paris Club n. a group of the major creditor nations of the International Monetary Fund, meeting informally in Paris to discuss the financial relations of IMF member nations. Cf. Group of 10 n. at group n. Phrases 1a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > types of economic system > international committee concerned with the Seven1959 Group of 101963 Paris Club1963 G101964 Group of Five1973 G51977 Group of Eight1977 G81988 1963 Business Week 28 Sept. 94/2 The so-called ‘Paris Club’, the 10 leading industrial nations that two years ago agreed to lend each other money in times of currency crisis. 1987 Time 27 July 33/3 Some African debtors have..reduced interest charges through the Paris Club, an informal organization of 17 creditor countries. 1993 Independent on Sunday 4 Apr. (Business section) 10/1 The Paris Club of Western creditor governments agreed on Friday to stretch out repayments of the former Soviet Union's..foreign debt. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1307
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