patentn.
/ˈpatnt/, /ˈpeɪtnt/, U.S. /ˈpætnt/, /ˈpædənt/ I. Senses relating to a document conferring a right, privilege, etc.
1. † b. A papal indulgence or pardon; = indulgence n. 3. Obsolete.† c. An official certificate, esp. a health certificate. Obsolete.
a. Law. A document conferring some privilege, right, office, title, or property; = letters patent n. at patent adj. 1a.
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society > law > legal right > [noun] > document conferring right or privilege
privilegec1240
charter?a1250
patentc1387
diplomaa1658
brevet1689
charta1698
codicil1781
society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [noun] > letter or letters patent
lettersc1300
brevet1362
letters patenta1387
patentc1387
missive letter1444
missive bill1522
charter-patent1589
letters overt1717
missive letter1798
c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 315 Iustice he was ful often in assise By patente and by pleyn commissioun.
1399 Rolls of Parl. III. 452/1 All the Patentes and Charters that they or any of hem hath..be ȝolden uppe into the Chauncellerie.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiv. 191 Ac þe perchemyn of þis patent of pouerte be moste.
1450 T. Denys in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 38 As for the Duche on this side Trent, Ser Thomas Tudenham had a ioynte patent with the Duke of Suffolk.
c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) 494 (MED) I wold nat yeue ii pesecoddys For graunt of your patent of offyce ner of fee.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1245/1 The kings patent, or open writ, or commandement, vnder the seale of Edward the kings eldest son.
a1656 W. Bradford Hist. 109 The patente they had being for Virginia, and not for New-england.
1695 R. Sibbald Autobiogr. (1834) 132 I..was examined..and gott my patent of Doctor ther.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 193 They thought fit to take out a patent, which constituted them a body, by the name of the Royal Society.
1765 Quebec Gaz. 4 July 1/1 For the Great Seal to every Patent for vacant and unappropriated Land, not exceeding One Hundred Acres, Twelve Shillings.
1821 J. Marshall Writings upon Federal Constit. (1839) 243 The grant by a state of a patent of nobility.
1883 Prince Albert Times (Sask.) 28 Dec. 3/1 I know men in Prince Albert who've grown quite gray, On their farms—but their patents are coming some day.
1933 H. Allen Anthony Adverse I. ii. xiii. 173 In the casket before the picture reposed his grandfather's useless patent of nobility.
1983 K. M. MacMorran & K. J. T. Elphinstone Handbk. for Churchwardens & Parochial Church Councillors iii. 32 The status of the bishop in his own court depends upon the terms of the patent appointing the chancellor.
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society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > remission of penance > [noun] > indulgentiary
pardonc1300
indulgence1362
patentc1400
manuary1537
indulgency1670
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. viii. 178 Þeiȝ þou be founde in þe fraternite among þe foure ordris, And have indulgence doublefold, but dowel þe helpe, I ne wolde ȝive for þi patent on pye hele.
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the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > certificate or declaration of
patent1609
clean bill of health1854
society > law > legal document > authenticating document > [noun] > certificate attesting a fact
certificate1489
letter certificatory1520
certificationa1563
testify1600
patent1609
allocatur1676
certificatory1695
parchment1851
society > law > legal document > authenticating document > [noun] > document certifying bearer
certificatec1550
patent1609
ticketc1900
1609 W. Biddulph Trauels Certaine Englishmen 6 Yet must they not come on shoare before they haue shewed their Fede, or Neate patent unto three officers, called Signiors of health.
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 226 Euery ship had a neat Patent to shew that those places from whence they came were free from the infection.
1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 37 It being not lawfull for them, to commerce or trafficke without their patent of health, from the place whence they parted.
1666 London Gaz. No. 48/1 But he..immediately departed..with~out Patent..and is gone Westwards.
1752 Authentick Acct. Meas. used at Venice Preserv. Public Health 8 The first of these [papers] to be examined on the Spot, are the Patents or Bills of Health.
2. North American Law. A territory, district, or piece of land conferred by letters patent. Now historical.
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the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > allotted land > by letters patent
patent1631
1631 Mass. Bay Rec. I. 88 Noe person w[ha]tsoever shall trauell out of this pattent, eithr. by sea or land, without leaue from the Govern[o]r, Deputy Govern[o]r, or some other Assistant.
1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect i. i. 2 It is not my intent to wander far from our Patent.
1769 G. Washington Diaries I. 320 Run the backline of Spencer and Washington's Patent.
1798 Quebec Gaz. 31 May 3/1 I have seized and taken in execution..A Lot of land..commonly called Dunn's Patent.
1845 J. F. Cooper Chainbearer II. x. 142 This is Mooseridge Patent, and Washington, late Charlotte County.
1891 U.S. Rep. (Supreme Court) 138 490 Patents were issued by the state of Texas for the three tracts of land in question.
1979 U.S. Tax Court Rep. 72 596 Such lands are created in the Township of Scriba's Patent, County of Oswego and State of New York.
1996 Categories of Land Grants in Texas (Archives & Rec. Div., Texas Gen. Land Office) 1 Patent, a form of land title issued by the government on land when it passes from public domain into private ownership.
II. Senses relating to the sole right to pursue an activity.
3. Commercial Law. A licence conferring the sole right to manufacture, sell, or deal in a product or commodity; (now) spec. a licence from a government conferring for a set period the sole right to make, use, or sell some process or invention; a right conferred in this way.
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society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > industrial property rights > conferred by patent > patent
patentc1588
c1588 G. Longe in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 157 Dollyne and Carye obtained the Patent for making of Glass in England in September the ixth yeare [1566–7] of the Queene's Majesties raigne.
a1650 S. D'Ewes Jrnls. Parl. Queen Elizabeth anno 1597 (1682) 573 Abuses practised by Monopolies and Patents of priviledge.
1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked lxxxv. §799 The community..is never well provided for, if monopolies or patents bee permitted.
1701 J. Peter Truth 23 This Invention being limited by the Patent, to the Patentee, or his Assigns.
1769 Dr. Small in J. P. Muirhead Invention Watt (1854) I. 52 A linen-draper at London, one Moore, has taken out a patent for moving wheel-carriages by steam.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 618 The term of the patent being now expired, many other manufactories of this cement have been established.
1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xvii. 222 The law protects inventors and authors by patents and copyright.
1907 Cambr. Mod. Hist. Prospectus 87 The Lord Chief Justices..upheld the plea that no patent for sole printing restrained the rights of the University Press.
1955 Bull. Atomic Scientists Apr. 126/3 Patents are important to private competitive industry.
2002 Sci. Amer. May 38/1 Intellectual property, or IP—in the form of patents and copyrights—can help a company build market power.
4.
a. A process, invention, product, or commodity which has been patented, or for which a patent has been taken out.
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society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > industrial property rights > conferred by patent > patented process or invention
patent1862
1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. I. viii. 8/1 The great distinctive feature of this Company's patent.
1867 J. Hatton Tallants i He secured shares in several important patents.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 90/2 The word patent is taken to signify either the letters patent by which the monopoly is granted, or the subject-matter of the grant.
1985 Chem. in Brit. 25 1216/2 The patents included Thomson's famous marine mirror galvanometer.
2001 Isis 92 296 Synthetic hormone products..were available commercially—many based on Boyce Thompson patents.
b. Any patented product or commodity identified contextually.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > [noun] > shoes or boots > types of
patent leathers1839
patent1888
tans1902
1888 J. Inglis Tent Life Tigerland 26 A handsome ivory-handled Thomas's patent lying on the table... It carries a heavy bullet.
1898 Daily News 5 Apr. 9/5 An improved demand prevailed for flour... In American brands, patents ruled at 31s. to 31s. 6d.
1939 Times 27 Nov. 7/5 A flour containing the germ, the ‘patents,’ and the richly vitaminous portion of the ‘bran’ which lies next to the flour.
1985 Christie's Sale Catal. Mod. & Vintage Firearms 20 Mar. 8 In the Westley Richards 1868 Patent, the hinged breech-block houses a tumbler, pivoted on the block's axis, with a separate firing-pin.
5.
a. = patent leather n. Frequently attributive.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > leather finished in specific way
red leather1418
black work1587
frieze-leather1594
shagreen1677
chagrin1678
wax-leather1711
patent leather1797
satin leather1802
japanned leather1851
Peau d'Espagne1855
grain-leather1858
suede1878
pebble leather1880
suede leather1882
ooze leather1888
blacking leather1895
grain1895
patent1902
ooze1916
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [adjective] > prepared or finished in specific way
semys1508
well-curried?1562
chamoised1620
fire-cured1844
shamoyed1857
sueded1888
oozed1897
mulled1919
patent1953
roughout1957
1902 F. Y. Golding Manuf. Boots & Shoes vi. 228 Patent should be free from flaws.
1953 H. E. Bates Nature of Love 66 A pair of black patent shoes with oval buckles.
1974 Country Life 21 Mar. 687/3 Toes are softer... Patent is important again.
2002 Best of Brit. Nov. 12/2 Black patent shoes were a must until I bought my first pair of extremely high-heeled tan peep-toed shoes.
b. In plural. Patent leather shoes.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > made from specific material > skin or hide > other > shoes
alligator1877
patents1904
1904 Daily Chron. 10 Mar. 4/5 I say..it's rather rash to do gardening in patents, isn't it?
1973 T. Pynchon Gravity's Rainbow i. 64 Red, the shoeshine boy who's slicked up Slothrop's black patents a dozen times.
1997 K. O'Riordan Boy in Moon iii. 47 Brian watched her take delicate faltering steps over the backyard, to protect her black patents.
III. Figurative uses.
6. figurative. A quality or tendency that is characteristic of someone in particular; a thing belonging to a particular person; a monopoly (in the weakened sense).
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the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > [noun] > quality of being particular or not general > quality of being personal > a special possession or distinction
specialtya1425
peculiar1589
patent1600
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [noun] > a tendency
spirita1425
inclination1526
bias?1571
vein1585
habitude1603
ply1605
nitency1662
result1663
tend1663
penchant1673
nisus1699
hank1721
squint1736
patent1836
subjectivism1845
lurch1854
biasness1872
tilt1975
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 80 So will I growe, so liue, so die my Lord, Ere I will yield my virgin Patent, vp Vnto his Lordshippe. View more context for this quotation
a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) II. 34 Nature's Patent, Stampt with Heaven's Great Seale.
1715 J. Barker Exilius in Entertaining Novels (1719) I. iv. 101 In vain wou'd Man his mighty Patent show, That Reason makes him Lord of all below; If Woman did not moderate his Rule.
1836 H. Rogers Life J. Howe (1863) x. 273 Dr. Crisp had a patent for nonsense and vulgarity, which defied successful imitation.
1874 M. Oliphant Rose in June i That hand was in itself a patent of gentility.
1994 N.Y. Times 24 July iv. 1/4 Dyslexia is thought to be about four times more prevalent in boys than girls; and boys practically have the patent on conduct disorders.
2002 Nation (N.Y.) 18 Nov. 7/2 A country with a patent on grandiose braggadocio meets a foolish President just getting his toes wet in world affairs.
Compounds
C1.
patent age n.
ΚΠ
1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I cxxxii. 69 This is the patent age of new inventions For killing bodies, and for saving souls.
1989 Infoworld (Nexis) 17 Apr. 40 Sumner believes that the software companies will survive the patent age.
patent agent n.
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society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > industrial property rights > conferred by patent > patent agent
patent agent1845
1845 Amer. Whig Rev. Feb. 141/1 Mr. Cox, a mechanical draftsman and patent agent, deposed, that it would be impossible, from Emerson's specification, to construct any thing resembling Ericson's wheel.
1994 Toronto Star 30 July j1/1 The patent agent himself answered the phone.
patent infringer n.
ΚΠ
1901 Westm. Gaz. 28 June 11/1 To prevent cutting by wicked patent infringers and others.
1998 Amer. Econ. Rev. 88 1260/2 Settlements with potential patent infringers may be motivated by factors other than..saving on legal costs.
patent law n.
ΚΠ
1817 Niles' Reg. 12 283/2 The improvement relied on by Witness was not useful, and consequently not a patentable improvement under the patent law.
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. (ed. 2) Pref. p. xi The important subject of the Patent-laws.
1991 Sci. Amer. Mar. 18/1 The ‘Harvard mouse’, as it is now often called, satisfied the requirements for protection as an invention under standard patent law.
patent solicitor n.
ΚΠ
1849 Sci. Amer. 10 Mar. 199/2 (advt.) British Patents. Messrs. Robertson and Co., patent solicitors,..undertake The Procuration of Patents.
1994 Isis 85 585 Primary Occupations of Smithsonian Correspondents, 1875... Law..Lawyer; conveyancer; patent solicitor.
C2.
patent-monger n. a person who makes money from the buying or selling of patents, a holder of many patents.
ΚΠ
1697 D. Defoe Ess. Projects 14 Here I could give a very diverting History of a Patent-Monger, whose Cully was no body but myself.
1803 T. G. Fessenden Poet. Petition 49 While a spruce young patent-monger Contrives to wheedle simple ninnies.
1882 Standard 29 Aug. 2/4 It had checked the rapacity of Company promoters and patent-mongers.
1903 ‘A. McNeill’ Egregious Eng. (ed. 3) 74 You have a bright collection of..patent-mongers, all of whom have some sort of fad to exploit or some private axe to grind.
2000 Boardwatch Mag. (Nexis) Oct. 10 Ditch the royalty payments to Geo-works or any other patent-mongers.
patent office n. an office from which patents are issued and where claims to patents are examined.
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > government department or agency > [noun] > with specific responsibility > English or British
admiralty1459
ordnance1485
Navy Office1660
navy board1681
patent office1696
excise-office1698
Treasury Office1706
Plantation Office1708
stamp office1710
War Office1721
India Office1787
home office1795
Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues1803
the Stamps1820
Welsh Office1852
W.O.1860
Local Government Board1871
pall-mall1880
Scottish Office1883
Ministry of Munitions1915
War House1925
Min of Ag1946
Mintech1967
DOE1972
Manpower Services Commission1973
1696 London Gaz. No. 3248/4 The Patent Office is removed from Symond's Inn to Sir Richard Pigott's House.
1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude vii. 129 The patent-office, where are the models from which every hint is taken.
1994 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 16 Jan. f6/2 The patent office is only slowly shedding the horse-and-buggy technology it has used for more than two centuries.
patent right n. an exclusive right conferred by letters patent.
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society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > industrial property rights > conferred by patent
patent right1792
1792 T. Holcroft Anna St. Ives II. xxv. 87 As for letters, science, and talents, he holds them all by patent right!
1805 Deb. Congr. U.S. 22 Jan. (1852) 1002 He finds himself compelled to ask for the extension of his patent right.
1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham x. 183 He had got hold of a patent right that he wanted to go into on a large scale.
1994 Sci. News 4 June 367/1 Roussel Uclaf, a French pharmaceutical firm, agreed to give up U.S. patent rights to the abortion pill.
patent roll n. a parchment roll containing the letters patent issued in Britain (or formerly in England) in any one year.
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society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [noun] > letter or letters patent > roll containing
patent roll1651
1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 253 As is more particularly set forth in the Patent Rolls of these times.
1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 802 The Patent-Rolls of this Year.
1888 W. Rye Records & Record-searching xiii. 98 The Patent Rolls extend from 3 John (1201), and contain innumerable grants of offices and lands, fairs and markets, confirmations, licenses, [etc.].
1981 J. P. Kenyon Dict. Brit. Hist. (at cited word) Patent rolls, records of royal grants of privileges, offices, lands, etc.
2000 Canad. Jrnl. Hist. (Nexis) 35 Their pardon for this transgression was part of a larger pardon enrolled in the Patent Rolls.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
patentadj.
/ˈpeɪtnt/, U.S. /ˈpætnt/ I. Senses relating to a right, title, or patent.
1. as postmodifier.† b. figurative. Obsolete.
a. Law. letters patent n. (also in 14th cent. †lettre patent) Originally: an open letter or document (see quot. 1891) issued by a monarch or government to record a contract, authorize or command an action, or confer a privilege, right, office, title, or property. In later use esp.: such a document which grants for a set period the sole right to make, use, or sell some process, invention, or commodity. Cf. patent n. 3.
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society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [noun] > letter or letters patent
lettersc1300
brevet1362
letters patenta1387
patentc1387
missive letter1444
missive bill1522
charter-patent1589
letters overt1717
missive letter1798
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 55 Kyng William seiþ in his own lettre patent [L. litteris suis patentibus; ?a1475 anon. tr. letters patent] þat he and his successoures and men of Scotland schulde doo homage, legeaunce, and feaute to the kynges of Engelond.
1442 in J. Graves Proc. King's Council Ireland (1877) 287 (MED) Ye..yeve me power and auctoritee, be youer gracious letres patentes oute of Engelande, to make a suffisant Deputee as oft tymes as it is necessarie to me.
1598 R. Hakluyt tr. King Richard II in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 153 In testimony whereof we haue caused these our letters to be made patents.
1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 8 He gaue license by his Letters Patents.
1643 in P. Darcy Argument Commons Ireland 10 By what law are..Markets to be held in Capite, when no other expresse tenure be mentioned in his Majesties Letter-Pattents?
1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) ii. ii. 79 The King..By his Letters Patent may erect new Universities, Boroughs, Colleges, Hospitals [etc.].
1750 C. Smith Antient & Present State of Cork i. 20 Letters patent were passed to Dermot Mac Owen Mac Carty.
1821 J. Bayley Hist. Tower London i. 194 A keeper, appointed by the king's letters patent, with a stated salary.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. vii. 65 Richard II was the first to confer the peerage by letters-patent.
1891 C. R. Scargill-Bird Guide to P.R.O. 32 The Letters Patent were..written upon open sheets of parchment, with the Great Seal pendent at the bottom..[while] the ‘Litteræ Clausæ’, or Letters Close,..being of a more private nature, and addressed to one or two individuals only, were closed or folded up and sealed on the outside.
1901 London Gaz. 19 Nov. 7472/2 The King has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed..granting the title ‘Royal’ to the Metropolitan Borough of Kensington.
1958 M. Kelly Christmas Egg i. 9 A shop..advertising that a long-dead proprietor had been ‘Agent for Female Pills, by the King's Letters Patent 1743’.
2002 Daily Tel. 2 May 15/2 The Queen arrived to view the Letters Patent granting the city Lord Mayoralty status.
ΚΠ
a1592 R. Greene Sc. Hist. Iames IV (1598) ii. sig. D3 Liuing by your wit as you doo shifting, is your letters pattents.
a1625 J. Boys in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1870) I. Ps. xix. Introd. It is a letter patent, or open epistle for all.
1660 J. Gauden Μεγαλεια Θεου 56 By the Letters pattents of the holy Scriptures, whereof no man..can without sin be ignorant.
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. v. iii. 338 Who are they..that by virtue of any immediate Testimonial from Heaven are thus intitled? Where are the Letters-Patent? The Credentials?
2. † a. joined patent n. (also joint patent) sharing by letters patent in some privilege or office (cf. patent n. 1). Also figurative. Obsolete.
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society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > [adjective] > participating > requiring or involving participation
joint1424
joined patent1552
communicative1617
participational1943
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Ioynt patent with another, as where, ii. men haue one office ioyntly, duumuir.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xxix. sig. Gg5 So incredibly blinded..that he could thinke such a Queene [sc. Artaxia] could be content to be ioined-patent with an other [sc. Erona] to haue such an husband.
1608 D. Tuvill Ess. Politicke, & Morall f. 37 Where Prayse and Honour haue been ioyn'd patent with Exercise.
b. Established, conferred, or appointed by letters patent. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [adjective] > of or relating to letters patent > conferred or appointed by letters patent
patent1568
patenteed1775
1568 ( D. Lindsay Satyre (Bannatyne) l. 1187 in Wks. (1931) II. 206 Welcum hame, robene rome raker, Our haly patent pardoner.
1597–8 Act 39 Eliz. c. 4 §2 All..Proctors, Procurors Patent Gatherers or Collectors for Gaoles Prisons or Hospitalles.
1660 S. Pepys Diary 4 May (1970) I. 128 In case the King doth restore every man to his places that ever have been patent.
1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. 501 Patent-Officers [of the Customs] in the Out-Ports.
1845 B. Disraeli Sybil II. iv. ii. 160 Lord Deloraine..held a good patent place which had been conferred on his descendants by the old chancellor.
1890 L. Edmunds Law & Pract. Lett. Patent iii. 17 The subject of a patent privilege.
1994 Daily Tel. 15 Dec. 3/2 Unlike a patent earldom, it carries no right to the House of Lords.
3.
a. Of a process, invention, commodity, etc.: protected by letters patent; made, used, or sold under the protection of letters patent; that has been patented.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [adjective] > patented
patented1676
patent1681
1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. iv. xlvii. §40 Letters for making patent Doors, when Parties keep themselves or their Goods within locked Doors, and do not give access thereto, for executing of Caption or Poynding.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry ix. 124 Madder..in King Charles the First's time..was made a Patent Commodity.
1786 R. Sandilands (title) A description of the patent instrument called a sward-cutter.
1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XVI xxvi. 74 He read an article the king attacking, And a long eulogy of ‘Patent Blacking’.
1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel I. ii. iii. 103 A patent corkscrew, too good to be used in common.
1927 Passing Show Summer 44/1 Each company dealt in patent cheque-writing machines.
1994 W. Gaddis Frolic of his Own 570 The system of aeration, fed on silverside and flake food, vitamins and krill and beef heart in a patent spinach mixture.
b. In extended use: to which a person has a proprietary claim. Also: special for its purpose; ingenious, well-contrived.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [adjective] > to which one has proprietary claim
patent1797
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > [adjective] > specialized or specially adapted
specialized1645
patent1837
1797 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 346 There is a saying in the fleet too flattering for me to omit telling—viz. ‘Nelson's Patent Bridge for boarding First Rates’, alluding to my passing over an enemy's 80-gun ship.
1819 G. Crabbe Tales of Hall I. iii. 41 He claims a right on all things to decide; A kind of patent-wisdom.
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxxvii. 405 Put your hand into the cupboard, and bring out the patent digester [sc. a bottle half full of brandy].
1939 L. MacNeice Autumn Jrnl. vii. 30 Meetings assemble not, as so often, now Merely to advertise some patent panacea.
1995 Pract. Householder Mar. 4/1 Siphonage problems can be overcome by fitting a patent anti-siphon trap to the basin outlet.
II. More generally: open, widespread, unobstructed.† 5. Not shut in or enclosed; in an open location, open to view. Also: approachable, accessible. Frequently with to. Obsolete.Quot. ?1440 has the meaning ‘wide open, flaring’.
4.
a. Of a fact, quality, phenomenon, etc.: clear, evident, obvious.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > openness or unconcealedness > [adjective]
openlyeOE
underna900
openeOE
utterly12..
unhida1300
perta1325
apert1330
nakeda1382
public1394
patenta1398
foreign?c1400
overtc1400
unrecovered1433
publicalc1450
open-visageda1513
bare1526
uncloaked1539
subject1556
uncovered1577
unmasked1590
facely1593
undisguised1598
female1602
unveiled1606
unshrouded1610
barefaceda1616
disclouded1615
unhiddena1616
broad-faced1643
with full miena1657
undissembled1671
frank1752
bald-faced1761
unconfidential1772
ostensible1782
unglossed1802
undisguising1813
unvisored1827
unconcealed1839
disprivacied1848
disguiseless1850
bald1854
unobscured1879
visible1885
open door1898
above ground1976
society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > [adjective]
sutelc897
openeOE
ebera975
graithc1325
broadc1374
plainc1375
clearc1380
grossc1380
manifest1385
notoire1409
patent1508
sensible?1531
discovered1537
plain as a pikestaff (also packstaff, pad-staff)1542
palpable1545
demonstrative1552
plain as the nose on (in) one's face1560
illustrate1562
appearing1566
notorious1581
obvious1583
unshadowed1593
transparent1597
liquid1610
visible1614
pellucid1644
illustrious1654
apertive1661
conspectable1727
suggestive1806
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 318 Lettres ben y-seled, with wax, closed and patent.
1460 Burgh Court Bk. Newburgh in A. Laing Lindores Abbey (1876) xvi. 158 Ye soytts callit ye curt affirmyt ye absens ar patent.
1508 Will in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 330 Stone, with a scriptor to be paytent uppon the same.
1528 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) IV. 538 Yat ye King oure broyeris gude mynd may be maid patent to oure derrest son.
1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosc Compl. Woman i. sig. C iij That which is patent even to our senses, cannot be proved but very hardly with the force of our reason.
a1856 H. Miller Testimony of Rocks (1857) iii. 136 The geologic evidence is so complete as to be patent to all.
1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 39 A patent fact, as certain as anything in mathematics.
1904 ‘H. McHugh’ I'm from Missouri v. 66 It soon became patent that whoever won the rag-chewing contest would also win the election.
1951 C. P. Snow Masters xxxix This was the humility and honesty of his heart. It was so patent that no one challenged it.
1999 J. Leigh Hunter (2000) 64 Nothing is missing, but it is patent someone has been carefully through his belongings.
b. Medicine and Veterinary Medicine. Designating the period of a parasitic infection when the causative organism can be detected by clinicopathological tests; (of an infection) in this stage of development.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > parasitic disorders > [adjective] > detectable or not detectable
patent1926
prepatent1926
subpatent1926
1926 Q. Rev. Biol. 1 399/2 The Patent Period covers the interval during which the parasites can be demonstrated by microscopical technique.
1944 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 75 195/1 Treatment was begun on the third day of the patent parasitemia.
1987 Jrnl. Parasitol. 73 931/2 Two additional animals, monkeys SS-68 and SS-61, developed patent parasitemias with prepatent periods of 13 and 18 days following inoculation of 100,000 sporozoites each.
2002 Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol. 96 497 Several, patent, sporadic cases of subconjunctival O. lupi infection have recently been reported in dogs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > [adjective] > open or not enclosed
openOE
plaina1375
uncloseda1425
patent?1440
fenceless1587
ungardened1623
unenclosed1653
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [adjective] > affording access > accessible > on all sides
openeOE
patent?1440
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 821 (MED) Their [sc. the horses'] eres short & sharp, their eyen stepe, Their nasis thorlid wide and patent be.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 61 For the patente magnitude felethe by more efficacite the strenȝhte of þe moone then a see coartate.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 179 (MED) Constantinople..is patente on euery syde to men saylenge from Asia and Europa, compassede alle moste with the grete see.
1566 Actis & Constit. Scotl. To Rdr. ✠iij The Romanis..had thair statutis..writtin in Tabillis, and fixit in the maist publique and patent placis.
?1590–1 J. Burel tr. Pamphilus in Poems sig. D3v I pray you to be trew, And lat your hous be patent to me ay.
1757 S. Boyce Poems 37 Let ev'ry goddess, patent to the day, Each robe-hid charm, each secret grace display.
a1783 H. Brooke Poet. Wks. (1792) II. i. 137 Awed from his seat, tho' patent to his view, The rolling universe holds distance due.
1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 206 A circular temple patent to the sun.
1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 49 Patent (a term used in leases), open; unobstructed.
6. † a. Of a door, outlet, etc.: (wide) open, easily entered, allowing free passage; providing general access. Also, of a building: having an open door or doors. Obsolete.figurative in quot. ?a1475.† c. Zoology. Having a wide aperture or a shallow cavity; patulous. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > [adjective] > of gates, doors, windows, etc.
openeOE
patent?a1475
unfolded1602
unlatched1651
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 29 (MED) This presente story is smyten in to vij ryuerers..þat the weye may be patente to the residu peple of God.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. xvii. 28 The oppyn patent ȝet.
1584 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1848) II. 52 At the quhilk patent portis thair sall be ane daylie wache.
1639 W. Goold in J. Spalding Mem. Trubles Scotland. & Eng. (1851) II. 36 How muche he is obliged to respect and give a patent eir heirefter to there farder grievances.
1675 E. Wilson Spadacrene Dunelmensis 23 The bottom of the Sea..is perforated with sundry voraginous inlets and patent mouths.
1701 Acts. Gen. Assembly 17 The Assembly caused call the said Doctor George Garden several times at the most patent Door of the Church.
1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady ii. xi. 231 Throwing them [sc. the fluids] off by the safest and most patent Outlets.
1793 Faculty Decisions XI. 87 The church of Cambeltown has four doors and it is not easy to say which of them is the most patent.
1810 Farmer's Mag. 11 182 Others make their doors so patent, as to admit carts.
1898 Westm. Gaz. 5 Oct. 4/2 One extremity of the tube is sealed, the other end is patent.
b. Medicine. Open, unobstructed; (esp. of the ductus arteriosus or the foramen ovale) not closed, having failed to undergo normal closure.
ΚΠ
1885 R. Quain Med. Dict. I. 417/1 It is readily relieved by the patient wearing a piece of silver tube, to keep the passage [of the ear] patent.
1913 Cunningham's Text-bk. Anat. (ed. 4) 1050 The foramen ovale may remain patent, as in amphibians and reptiles.
1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 14 Mar. 621/2 The diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus was made because of a continuous murmur.
1985 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 Nov. 1307/2 The ischaemic ileal loops were resected and the popliteal artery made patent.
1999 Dogs in Canada July 99/1 There are a number of heart ailments known to occur in Briards: cardiomyopathy, patent ductus arteriosis, [etc.].
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [adjective] > having an aperture
ringent1810
osculate1857
patent1890
1890 Cent. Dict. Patent, in zöol., patulous; open, as from an axis.
7. Spreading, expanded.† a. Heraldry. = pattée adj. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > cross > [adjective] > formée
patent1486
pattée1486
formy1562
formed1592
formé1660
1486 Blasyng of Armys sig. ciiv, in Bk. St. Albans An oder cros..straythyr in the myddis then in thenddys, with opyn corneris..hit is calde a cros patent.
1486 Blasyng of Armys sig. civ, in Bk. St. Albans (MED) Hit is calde a cros flurri patent, for he hath his endis opyn.
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. vii. 68 This is called a Crosse Patee..because the ends are broad and patent.
1830 W. Scott Ivanhoe (rev. ed.) vi, in Waverley Novels XVII. 111 (note) A cross counter patent [1722 (Nisbet) potent] cantoned with four little crosses or, upon a field azure.
b. Botany. Of a leaf, branch, etc.: spreading widely, or at right angles to the axis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > spreading or divergent
spoky1551
patulous1657
spreading1682
patent1753
divaricate1788
pervious1789
straddling1796
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Patent Leaf, one which stands almost strait out from the stalk, or nearly at right angles with it.
1831 W. J. Hooker Brit. Flora (ed. 2) 366 Ophrys. Perianth somewhat patent.
1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. iii. 108 If they come off at a right angle, the branches are spreading or patent, as in the Oak and Cedar.
1904 H. Groves & J. Groves Babington's Man. Bot. (ed. 9) 506 Panicle diffuse patent, branches..divaricate in fl. or afterwards.
1961 H. H. Allan Flora N.Z. I. 921 Lvs loosely imbricate, patent or reflexed.
1997 A. A. Dudman & A. J. Richards Dandelions of Great Brit. & Ireland 244 The lateral leaf-lobes are patent, narrow and parallel-sided.
8. Available for general use or inspection; accessible to the public; public. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1493 Acts Lords of Council I. 298/2 And he do nocht the kingis hienes will mak his chapell be patent and his breuez gevin.
1566 Actis & Constit. Scotl. To Rdr. ✠iij To cause publis and make patent the Lawis.
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xii. lxxi. 296 For Guinie, in her Highnes Raigne acquir'd, and patent made.
1727 W. McFarlane Geogr. Coll. Scotl. (1906) I. 125 The only highways throw the said parish are..to the W. the patent rod to Sterling, and to the E. to the Bridge of Earn.
1834 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 211 The colleges would be equally patent to such dissenters as were not averse from their observances.
1838 W. Hamilton in Reid's Wks. II. 683 (note) The greater number of those [works] now extant were preserved and patent during the two centuries.
1913 Acts 3 & 4 Geo. V c. 20 §80 The sederunt book and accounts shall be patent to the commissioners and to the creditors..at all times.
Compounds
C1.
patent food n. a proprietary foodstuff.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [noun] > proprietary food
patent food1871
1871 London Jrnl. Apr. (advt.) Dr. Ridge's patent food.
1903 ‘A. McNeill’ Egregious Eng. (ed. 3) 56 Mammas..who suckle their children out of patent-food tins.
1983 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 70 90 Many prominent reformers ascribed high levels of infant mortality among the poor to artificial feeding and patent foods.
patent fuel n. fuel in the form of briquettes or blocks made by compressing and shaping crushed coal, with added binder if necessary.
ΚΠ
1851 Harper's Mag. Dec. 141/2 The Hicockolorum, or Patent Fuel, warranted never to smoke, smell, decrease in bulk, or throw out dangerous gases.
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §091 Charge man; (i) (patent fuel) is in charge of operations in manufacturing patent fuel.
1987 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 47 526 Coal was used commercially for burning, for distillation (to produce coke, gas, patent fuels, and chemicals), and for smelting.
patent house n. = patent theatre n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > [noun] > other types of theatre
little theatre1569
private house1604
private playhouse1609
amphitheatre1611
private theatre1633
droll-house1705
summer theatre1761
show shop1772
national theatre1816
minor1821
legitimate1826
patent house1827
patent theatre1836
showboat1839
music theatre1849
penny-gaff1856
saloon theatre1864
leg shop1871
people's theatre1873
nickelodeon1888
repertory theatre1891
studio theatre1891
legit1897
blood-tub1906
rep1906
small-timer1910
grind house1923
theatrette1927
indie1928
vaude1933
straw hat1935
theatre-in-the-round1948
straw-hatter1949
bughouse1952
theatre-restaurant1958
dinner theatre1959
theatre club1961
black box1971
pub theatre1971
performance space1972
1827 R. Montgomery Age Reviewed ii. 209 The present play-scribblers that bray round the two Patent Houses, have only one object in view—money-catching.
1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Nov. 888/3 In 1832, however, the fashion [of stalls] spread at last to the patent houses.
1992 S. M. Archer Junius Brutus Booth iii. 63 Booth would perform roles as directed by Elliston at the patent house.
patent insides n. inside pages of a newspaper which are bought by a publisher already printed with syndicated articles, etc.; cf. patent outsides n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > stereotype or syndicated matter
patent outsides1871
patent insides1879
plate matter1881
boilerplate1884
1879 Winnipeg Daily Times 22 Apr. 3/1 The Free Press patent insides did not arrive Saturday in time, so the Monday paper is double size.
1931 Sat. Evening Post 28 Feb. 129/2 Some publishers bought patent insides, which were the interior pages of the newspaper ready printed for use.
2000 J. Kates in R. Miraldi Muckrakers vi. 112 Roese printed four pages of his paper locally, stuffing it with another four pages of ‘patent insides’ produced at St. Paul.
patent log n. a mechanical device for measuring the speed of a ship.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > device to ascertain ship's speed through water > mechanical log
sillometer1841
patent log1848
1848 W. F. Lynch Diary 18 Apr. in Narr. United States' Exped. River Jordan (1849) xii. 268 We endeavored to steer a little to the north of west,..threw the patent log overboard to measure the distance.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 509/1 The modern patent (or taffrail) log mechanically indicates the rate of travel.
2002 Spectator (Hamilton, Ont.) (Nexis) 8 June t1 Slocum's navigational devices consisted of little more than a compass, sextant, patent log and a tin alarm clock.
patent malt n. malt which has been roasted so as to alter its flavour and colour.
ΚΠ
1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. iv. 87 The deep brown malt, now in use under the name of patent malt, is made by roasting malt..until it becomes blackish brown.
1965 S. M. Tritton Guide to Better Wine & Beer Making 133 Milk Stout... Pour hot..water over the patent malt and stir in the flaked barley.
1995 Coffee Jrnl. Autumn 16/3 Sprecher Black Bavarian is a malty, complexly flavored dark brown beer brewed..from a blend of pale, caramel and black patent malts.
patent medicine n. a proprietary medicine manufactured under patent and available without prescription.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament > patent medicine
patent medicine1770
proprietary1901
1770 Essex Gaz. (Salem, Mass.) 17 Apr. 4/4 To be sold by Benjamin Eaton..in Marblehead..a collection of genuine patent medicines.
1830 W. Scott Lett. Demonol. & Witchcraft v. 144 The proprietor of a patent medicine, who should in those days have attested his having wrought such miracles as we see sometimes advertised.
1901 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 63/1 Soaps, patent medicines, chocolates..are the things most advertised.
2000 A. Dalby Dangerous Tastes 154 Balsam of Peru..is still an ingredient in some patent medicines.
patent note n. = shape-note n. at shape n.1 Compounds 2; frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > character in notation > note > shaped note
patent note1822
shaped note1889
shape-note1932
1822 S. Ely (title) Sacred music, containing a great variety of psalm and hymn tunes... The greater part of which were never published in the patent notes.
1848 Ladies' Repository Sept. 286/1 The old patent notes, as they were called, are discarded in this book, much to the joy, we should think, of all lovers of good music.
1957 Amer. Q. 9 284 The distinguishing characteristics of the patent or shape note hymn are: a setting in three voice-parts..and chords without thirds, parallel octaves and fifths are common.
1988 R. Sanjek Amer. Pop. Music v. 193 The Southern Harmony became the most successful patent-note songbook issued prior to the Civil War.
patent outsides n. outside pages of a newspaper preprinted with syndicated articles; cf. patent insides n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > stereotype or syndicated matter
patent outsides1871
patent insides1879
plate matter1881
boilerplate1884
1871 Lancaster (Pa.) Intelligencer 3 Apr. The editor who surrenders control of one-half of his paper to some manufacturer of patent-outsides, may make a slight reduction in his current expenses.
1931 E. S. Bradley Henry Charles Lea 229 There are concerns here which supply to the country press what are called ‘patent outsides’.
1970 R. K. Kent Lang. Journalism 98 Patent insides (or outsides), features or other syndicated material that come to a newspaper already printed on inside (or first and last) pages; readyprint pages.
patent rubber n. any of various kinds of vulcanized sheet rubber, typically used to make manufactured articles, esp. clothing; chiefly attributive.
ΚΠ
1837 W. E. Burton Burton's Comic Songster 37 O! The rubber, the patent rubber; the wonderful Indian rubber.
1844 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 27 Sept. (advt.) Patent Rubber lined Buskins, sheet rubber sandals and fur bound and lined Rubbers.
1889 Science 1 Feb. 86/2 The milk was in a pint beer-bottle with patent rubber stopper.
1903 J. G. McIntosh tr. T. Seeligmann et al. Indiarubber & Gutta Percha xii. 250 By patent rubbers is always meant those which are prepared from the sawn sheet, or the English sheet, cut by the saw from blocks of normal rubber.
1934 R. Campbell Broken Rec. viii. 189 A famous savant completely attached to his spectacles, paddling about in a little patent rubber boat.
2000 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 12 Feb. 13 You're wearing a canary yellow boa, a red sequinned bra, and a pair of patent rubber hot pants. What one thing would you add to customise the look?
Patent Safety n. now historical and rare = Patent Safety Cab n..
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles (plying) for hire > [noun] > hackney carriage > specific types of hackney carriage
noddy?1764
hack1769
Patent Safety1835
Patent Safety Cab1836
hansom cab1847
cab car1853
shoful1853
growler1865
midge1865
1835 Waldie's Sel. Circulating Libr. II. 6 Oct. No. 14. 1/3 The Derby Dilly..has been deserted by its coachman,..and is dragged along by Peel's Patent Safety, with one miserable hack.
1850 New Monthly Mag. Nov. 268 ‘James Mayhew's patent safeties’ seem to be as well turned out as any of them.
1903 C. G. Harper Stagecoach & Mail xiii. 309 To reassure the old ladies of both sexes such coaches as the ‘Patent Safeties’ were introduced. Many..were neither safe nor patent.
1921 R. H. Nevill Mayfair & Montmartre i. 7 Hansom cabs were first brought out about 1840, and were called Patent Safety. They soon became very popular.
Patent Safety Cab n. now historical the original name for the hansom cab (hansom cab n.), which was fitted with a device to prevent overturning should the cab tilt from side to side. Cf. safety cab n. at safety n. Compounds 3.Joseph Aloysius Hansom (1803–82) registered the Patent Safety Cab in 1834.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles (plying) for hire > [noun] > hackney carriage > specific types of hackney carriage
noddy?1764
hack1769
Patent Safety1835
Patent Safety Cab1836
hansom cab1847
cab car1853
shoful1853
growler1865
midge1865
1836 Bristol Mercury 3 Dec. 1/4 The young man very wisely proceeded on his journey in one of the new Patent Safety cabs.
1882 Builder 8 July 44/1 The ‘Patent Safety Cab’.
1946 E. Radford Unusual Words 102 It is true that Hansom patented the cab in 1834, but he did not invent it. It was invented by Edward Bird... The cab was first known as ‘Bird's Patent Safety Cab’.
2003 W. T. Lhamon Jump Jim Crow 242 Respectables all keep a gig, But all the vulgar shabs, Drives about the Lunnun streets, In patent safety cabs.
patent sail n. historical an automatically controlled windmill sail.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > windmill > sail > type of
spring sail1835
spring sweep1919
patent sail1924
fan-tail1934
1924 Trans. Newcomen Soc. 3 50 It was desired to fit patent sail regulation instead of ‘spring’ or ‘sail’ sweeps.
1973 J. Vince Discov. Windmills (ed. 3) 21 The most significant improvement in sail design came about in 1807 when William Cubbit [sic] invented his patent sail.
2002 Rockford (Illinois) Register Star (Nexis) 31 July 9 a P. LaCour's mill was built in Denmark with patent sails and twin fantails on a steel tower.
patent still n. now historical a type of still, patented by Aeneas Coffey in 1830, which operates on a continuous basis, with the wash flowing against a current of steam which strips out the alcohol, and gives a much greater output than a pot still operating on a batch basis.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > still > [noun] > types of
rose-garland1527
sun still1688
pot still1799
turpentine still1799
still-pota1824
rectifying column1836
patent still1887
stripper1930
pipestill1931
solar still1946
1887 A. Barnard Whisky Distilleries of U.K. 12 Blenders without number can be found who will strenuously affirm that to give the public a moderate priced article with sufficient age, there is no way but to use good old Patent Still Grain Spirit as a basis.
1934 J. I. Davis Beginner's Guide to Wines viii. 85 Irish Whisky is always ‘pot-stilled’... Some Scotch Whisky is so made, but most of it is manufactured in a patent still.
1995 R. Weir Hist. Distillers Company i. 18 Of the twenty-two distilleries believed to have operated patent stills between 1828 and 1887 only three were new foundations.
patent theatre n. historical any of several theatres established by Royal Patent between the 17th and 19th centuries; spec. (in London) the theatres of Covent Garden and Drury Lane, whose Patents were granted by Charles II in 1662 (cf. sense 2b).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > [noun] > other types of theatre
little theatre1569
private house1604
private playhouse1609
amphitheatre1611
private theatre1633
droll-house1705
summer theatre1761
show shop1772
national theatre1816
minor1821
legitimate1826
patent house1827
patent theatre1836
showboat1839
music theatre1849
penny-gaff1856
saloon theatre1864
leg shop1871
people's theatre1873
nickelodeon1888
repertory theatre1891
studio theatre1891
legit1897
blood-tub1906
rep1906
small-timer1910
grind house1923
theatrette1927
indie1928
vaude1933
straw hat1935
theatre-in-the-round1948
straw-hatter1949
bughouse1952
theatre-restaurant1958
dinner theatre1959
theatre club1961
black box1971
pub theatre1971
performance space1972
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 166 Why were they not engaged at one of the patent theatres?
1973 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Oct. 1272/2 During the period 1740–80 there were only two patent theatres in London: Drury Lane and Covent Garden.
2002 Stage (Nexis) 18 Apr. 45 In 1843 the Theatre Regulation Act, which destroyed the monopoly of the patent theatres in presenting legitimate drama, came into effect.
C2. † patent-winged adj. Entomology Obsolete rare having wings spreading widely apart.
ΚΠ
1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 79 The patent-winged Phalaena.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
patentv.
/ˈpatnt/, /ˈpeɪtnt/, U.S. /ˈpætnt/, /ˈpædənt/ 1. transitive. North American Law. To obtain a patent right to (land). Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > [verb (transitive)] > obtain right to land
patent1668
1668 Articles of Agreem. 25 June in W. H. Browne Arch. Maryland (1887) V. 44 All Persons who have Surveyed or Patented and seated Lands on the Seaboard Side in the Right of Virginia and now fallen within the divisional Line shall enjoy their said Lands they taking a Patent from the Lord Proprietary of Maryland.
1675 Cal. Virginia State Papers (1875) I. 8 Major Lawrence Smith..did patent foure thousand six hundred acres of land.
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. App. 44/1 Nor could all the Money and Moveables in the Territory [of New England] have defrayed the Charges of Patenting the Lands.
1815 D. Drake Nat. & Statist. View Cincinnati i. 51 The following is the course pursued in locating and patenting these lands.
1874 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 519 Several lodes are held in common, and are so situated that they may be patented in common or worked in common.
1947 W. A. Chalfant Gold, Guns, & Ghost Towns 159 That mine and the Gettysburg crossing it, are reported to have been the first mines patented in Nevada.
1992 A. Fisher Day Trips in Delmarva xvii. 250 The pace at which vacant land was patented increased greatly when the headright system was replaced by a new set of requirements for acquiring title.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > [verb (transitive)] > give legal right to
legitimate1494
intitule1584
enright1587
interess1587
invest1587
endow1601
patent1789
1789 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 261 They..patented away to their particular favorites, a very great proportion of the whole province.
1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. 186 An oval link with a stay in it..had..been before patented to captain Brown.
1881 G. W. Cable Mme. Delphine ii. 10 They would have been patented as the dukes of Little Manchac and Barrataria.
3.
a. transitive. To take out or obtain a patent for; to obtain by letters patent the sole right to make, use, or sell.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [verb (transitive)] > patent
patent1793
1793 Statutes at Large (1845) I. 321 Any person, who shall have discovered an improvement in the principle of any machine,..which shall have been patented [etc.].
1822 Techn. Repository 2 lvi. 214 He patented many different modes of carrying his invention into effect.
1876 R. Routledge Discov. 19th Cent. 14 20 years before, Watt had patented—but had not constructed—a locomotive engine.
1917 A. J. Wallis-Tayler Preserv. of Wood vii. 200 The Rueping Process has been patented in Great Britain.
1981 M. Moorcock Byzantium Endures ii. 40 I deeply regret not patenting any of my inventions.
2001 Book Nov. 43/1 First used to replicate handwritten text, ‘carbonated paper’ was patented in 1806 by [Ralph] Wedgwood.
b. transitive. figurative. To originate or popularize and be publicly identified with.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > originate or be a source of [verb (transitive)] > invent
inventa1538
patent1900
1900 Academy 21 July 49/1 A tendency..to fall into a style patented by Ouida.
1996 Guardian 1 Nov. (Friday Review section) 6/3 Powell begins to list the projects..in the type of mockney accent patented by Mick Jagger.
2001 Wire June 68/3 Although at times it seems superglued to the kind of cosmic looped groove patented by The Boredoms, Yoshimi and company occasionally break free to let loose something special.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > showing to the sight > show to the sight [verb (transitive)]
to set beforea1000
openOE
showlOE
to put forth?c1225
kithe1297
to make (a) showing ofc1330
presenta1398
representa1398
to lay forthc1420
splayc1440
discovera1450
advisea1500
to set to (the) show?1510
to stall out1547
outlay1555
exhibit1573
strew1579
wray1587
displaya1616
ostentate1630
elevate1637
re-exhibita1648
expound1651
unveil1657
subject1720
flare1862
skin1873
patent1889
showcase1939
1889 Chambers's Jrnl. 2 Feb. 66/1 The charming fair one has unwillingly patented upon the snow the hideous fact that she wears high-heeled boots.
5. transitive. Metallurgy. To subject (wire) to the process of patenting (patenting n. 2).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > processes in wire-making
disgross1611
wire-draw1657
patent1922
1922 J. W. Urquhart Steel Thermal Treatm. xi. 271 The process known as ‘patenting’ wire is of recent origin.
1932 W. Barr & A. J. K. Honeyman Steel xix. 102 The rods require to be patented once only.
1957 Making, shaping & treating Steel (U.S. Steel) (ed. 7) xl. 706/2 By properly patenting and drawing 0.75-carbon steel, a wire is produced having a tensile strength of 375,000 lb. per sq. in.
2001 Materials Sci. & Engin. A. 303 128/2 The steel tubes were air patented by annealing for 15 min at 920°C in an argon-filled furnace.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.c1387
adj.a1387
v.1668