α. 1500s basteter (probably transmission error), 1700s– baster.
β. 1500s bastor.
单词 | baster |
释义 | bastern.1α. 1500s basteter (probably transmission error), 1700s– baster. β. 1500s bastor. 1. A person who bastes meat or other food during cooking; (sometimes) a person employed specifically to carry out this task (now chiefly historical). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook > [noun] > baster baster1525 1525 in J. Nichols Illustr. Antient Times Eng. (1797) 181 To she that turned the spitt, 8d.; to the Basteter, 4d. 1763 It's All of a Peace (single sheet) Then the Spit and the Dripping-Pan fell on the Baster, For Firkins of Butter and Lard he did waste, Sir. 1901 C. W. Bardsley & A. Bardsley Dict. Eng. & Welsh Surnames 83/2 Baster, occup. ‘the baster’, probably a kitchen servitor who basted the joint. 2013 Irish Independent (Nexis) 16 Dec. 24 I've been demoted to chief baster. That's the spooning of juices over the bird to keep her moist. 2. A thing which bastes meat or other food during cooking; spec. a utensil designed or used for this purpose, typically a large spoon, ladle, or (now more often) a large pipette or syringe.Now frequently with modifying word, esp. in turkey baster. ΚΠ 1559 in E. Roberts & K. Parker Southampton Probate Inventories, 1447–1575 (1992) I. 158 A coolrake, a treyfet, a bread gratter, ij bastors. 1734 London Daily Post 13 Nov. Two Fish-drainers; Copper Scimmers, Ladles and Basters; and several other Kitchen Furniture. 1890 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 13 Mar. 1012/2 In a meat-roaster, the combination of a revoluble oven and basters connected together in a group, each group of basters being removably attached to the interior of the oven. 1988 R. Hemley Installations in All you can Eat (1990) 176 She reaches into one of her bags, takes out a turkey baster, and squirts it at the person sitting nearest her. 2012 L. J. Larsen Starter Cook iii. 63 Use a baster, a spoon, or a silicone brush to put drippings from the bottom of the pan on the meat. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bastern.2 colloquial. Obsolete. A person who, or (more often) a thing which, beats or thrashes (cf. baste v.3); esp. a heavy stick, a cudgel. Also: a hard blow given with such a weapon.Recorded earliest as the second element in a name applied to a weapon of this sort. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > [noun] > striking heavily > a heavy blow smitea1200 ponder1339 clouta1400 whopc1440 routa1450 maul1481 sousec1500 dunta1522 flake1559 lambskin1573 lamback1592 daud1596 baster1600 mell1658 thumper1682 lounder1723 smash1725 plumper1756 spanker1772 douser1782 thud1787 bash1805 stave1819 batter1823 belter1823 wallop1823 whacker1823 belt1825 smasher1829 dingbat1843 dinger1845 oner1861 squeaker1877 clod1886 wham1923 dong1941 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun] sowelc893 treec893 cudgelc897 stinga900 bat?c1225 sticka1275 clubc1275 truncheon14.. bourdonc1325 bastona1400 warderera1400 plantc1400 kibble1411 playloomc1440 hurlbatc1450 ploykc1450 rung1491 libberlac1500 waster1533 batonc1550 macana1555 libbet1562 bastinado1574 crab-tree comb1593 tomahawkc1612 billeta1616 wiper1622 batoon1637 gibbeta1640 crab-bat1647 kibbo1688 Indian club1694 batterdasher1696 crab-stick1703 bloodwipea1705 bludgeon1730 kierie1731 oaken towel1739 crab1740 shillelagh1772 knobstick1783 pogamogganc1788 whirlbat1791 nulla-nulla1798 waddy1800 kevel1807 supple1815 mere1820 hurlet1825 knobkerrie1826 blackthorn1829 bastera1833 twig1842 leangle1845 alpeen1847 banger1849 billy1856 thwack-stave1857 clump1868 cosh1869 nulla1878 sap1899 waddy1899 blunt instrument1923 1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood Satyre iv. sig. D8v Cloth-breech doth deride him with a laugh, And lets him see Bone-baster, thats his staffe. 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. v. 97 I doe believe the Divel's in my Master, who ever basted was till now; Now's baster. 1707 W. Wagstaffe Crispin Cobler's Confut. Ben H—dly (ed. 2) 12 Jack took up the Poker, and..gave me such a Bastar upon the Head, that it was two Months before I perfectly recovered. a1833 J. T. Smith Bk. for Rainy Day (1845) 14 A fellow riding a hog, brandishing a birch broom by way of a baster. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2020). Bastern.3 Chiefly South African. In South Africa and Namibia (formerly South West Africa): a person of mixed descent; (now usually) spec. = Rehoboth Baster n. Cf. bastard n. 12a. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > mixed race > [noun] > white and black > person > in South Africa bastard1785 Baster1790 Griqua1815 Rehobothiana1867 Rehoboth Bastard1894 Griqualander1897 coloured1903 Rehobother Bastard1921 Eurafrican1922 Rehoboth1923 Rehoboth Baster1926 Rehobother1958 1790 E. Helme tr. F. Le Vaillant Trav. Afr. II. 344 These Boshmen..far from being a distinct species..are only a promiscuous assemblage of mulattoes, negroes and mestixos, of every species, and sometimes of Hottentots and Basters. 1872 Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 24 Feb. The Basters and Griquas, resulting from the intercourse between whites and Hottentots, have multiplied so as to become a serious annoyance to the Cape Government. 1936 A. J. Goldblatt in J. J. L. Sisson S. Afr. Judicial Dict. (1960) 85 In this territory the term ‘baster’ when it is ascribed to a person's race is well known to refer to the members of the Rehoboth Bastard Community. 1976 Plain Truth Dec. 10 The first major community to the south of Windhoek is Rehoboth..settled by Basters, a mixed Nama-white stock. The Basters (their name means ‘bastard’ in Afrikaans, but they wear the label proudly) found marvelous hot springs in the region. 1998 Independent on Sunday 2 Aug. i. 15/2 Mr Isaaks rants that the black Namibian government has stolen land the Basters purchased from the Nama tribesmen. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bastern.4 1. A device which is used for basting or holding together several layers of fabric. Cf. baste v.1 Only in appositive compounds (typically with reference to the mechanisms of early sewing machines), as baster pin, baster plate. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > other specific parts armOE button?1561 running gear1663 relax1676 collar1678 drumhead1698 long arm1717 drum1744 press cloth1745 head1785 absorber1789 bearing plate1794 crown1796 rhodings1805 press box1825 alternator1829 cushion1832 saw tooth1835 shoe1837 keyboard1839 returner1839 cross-head1844 channel shoe1845 baster1846 water port1864 shifter1869 magazine1873 entry port1874 upsetter1875 mechanism1876 tapper1876 tension bar1879 buttonholer1882 take-up1884 auger1886 instrument panel1897 balancer1904 torsion bar1937 powerhead1960 1846 N.Y.Farmer & Mechanic July 251/2 A baster plate..which is a plate of thin steel, about three-quarters of an inch wide, with sharp teeth upon one side..is passed upon it [sc. the cloth to be sewn]..and the teeth enter the cloth, thereby securing the edges together as in ordinary basting with thread. 1864 J. L. Bishop Hist. Amer. Manufactures II. 606 Baister-pins were retained in the periphery of the feed-wheel. 2010 F. P. Bachman Story of Inventions (ed. 2) ii. 89 The baster plate was the weakest part of the machine. The seam that could be made without stopping was short, and only straight seams could be sewn. 2. A person who bastes fabric; esp. one employed to do the preliminary stitching in the manufacture of garments. Cf. baste v.1 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > sewing > sewing in other ways > one who hemmer1483 baster1854 machinist1879 sewing machinist?1881 whipper?1881 machiner1888 tucker1905 Blake-sewer1921 overlocker1921 bar tacker1924 1854 Illustr. London News 16 Dec. 624/2 Each machine, with its attendant basters and finishers, will produce about 150 pairs of men's trousers per week. 1902 Daily Chron. 5 Mar. 10/5 Coat Machinists..wanted, baisters and finishers. 2007 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 26 Feb. 8 Oscar's main excitement was the schmattas. For his freebee loaners, Armani imported 19 fitters and basters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.11525n.21600n.31790n.41846 |
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