bastillen.

Brit.

/baˈstiːl/,

/bɑːˈstiːl/,

/ˈbastɪl/,

/ˈbɑːstɪl/, U.S.

/bæˈstil/

Forms: Middle English baistell (northern), Middle English bastayle, Middle English bastel, Middle English bastele, Middle English bastelle, Middle English bastyll, Middle English–1500s bastell, Middle English–1500s bastyle, Middle English–1500s bastylle, Middle English–1600s bastill, Middle English– bastile, 1500s bastillie, 1500s–1600s bastil, 1500s– bastille, 1600s bastiell, 1600s bastle; also Scottish pre-1700 bastailȝe, pre-1700 bastailye, pre-1700 bastalȝe, pre-1700 bastalȝie, pre-1700 bastalye, pre-1700 basteilȝe, pre-1700 bastelȝe, pre-1700 bastillie, pre-1700 bastulȝie, pre-1700 bastulȝy, pre-1700 bestailye, pre-1700 bustailȝie (transmission error); English regional (chiefly northern and midlands), in sense 4c 1800s basteel, 1800s bastil, 1800s bastile, 1800s bastyle.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bastille.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman bastile, Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French bastille provisional fortification constructed to attack or defend a place (late 14th cent.), fortified tower, fortification, (small) fortress or castle (late 14th cent.), (specifically) used as the name of a fortress in Paris (1476), in Anglo-Norman also fortified outpost (late 14th cent.), alteration (with suffix substitution, after nouns in -ille ) of bastide fortress (see bastide n.). Compare bastle house n., whose first element shows the expected regular reflex of the Middle English forms in -el.Compare post-classical Latin bastile wooden siege tower (late 14th cent. in a British source), bastilla , bastillia , bastillus , bastellum wooden siege tower, fortification (from late 14th cent. in British sources), Bastilla the Bastille in Paris (early 16th cent.), probably all < French. Specific senses. With sense 4a, compare the following slightly earlier specific use of bastion n. to denote the Bastille in Paris:1546 W. Paget Let. in State Papers Henry VIII (P.R.O.: SP 1/217) f. 87 He shall ere he depart wish himself in the Bastion in Parys, where the fond bruit was he remained prisoner.

a. A fortified encampment of a besieging army; any of the buildings comprising this. Now historical.

ΚΠ

a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 678 Wriȝtes han wroȝt a wonder stronge pale Alle aboute þe burwe with bastiles manye..Þat no segge vnder sonne myȝt fram þe cite passe.

1442 T. Bekington Let. in G. Williams Mem. Reign Henry VI (1872) II. 187 (MED) Your ennemies purposen to make iiij bastilles aboute the said towne of Ax and stuff theryin with..iiij m. men of armes.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxxix. 754 And so lodged in Calays..in bastylles that they made dayly.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxii. lx. 471 Good no where, neither in battaile nor in bastill [L. castris].

1750 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 717 A bastille or small wooden fort was erected on the land side.

1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 352 Bastilles, or huts defended by intrenchments were constructed round the city.

1905 T. F. Tout Hist. Eng. Henry III. to Edward III. xviii. 417 A ring of bastilles was erected round the doomed town, and cannon discharged huge balls of stone against its ramparts.

1999 M. Keen Medieval Warfare (2001) viii. 171 Siege bastilles built around Gironville in 1324–5 were constructed as raised earthen platforms, 35 m square.

†b. A wooden tower, sometimes mounted on wheels, used by besieging troops to observe, harass, or attack an enemy fortification. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > encamping > hut for besiegers

bastillec1400

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1187 At uch brugge a berfray on basteles wyse.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) (1988) 102 Toures of tymber goyng on wheles þat were clepen bastiles [v.r. bastayle] or somercastell [read somercastelles].

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 374 (MED) The kyng..laied a siege to Hareflete..With bulwerkes stoute and bastell.

2. A tower or bastion of a castle; a fortified tower; a small fortress.Now chiefly in French contexts.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or watch-tower

towerc897

bastillec1400

bastillion1525

cavalier1562

commander1572

torrion1572

mount1590

sentinel1600

sentry1611

cat1628

torne1637

rondel1686

rounder1774

Martello tower1803

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower

belfryc1300

mate-griffonc1330

summercastle1382

bastillec1400

towerc1440

summertowera1450

bestial1488

bastide1523

turret1565

timber-tower1614

helepole1770

cat-castle1861

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 799 Bastel roueȝ þat blenked ful quyte.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. l. 2688 Squar bastiles & bolwerkis to make.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxxix Y^e prouoste..went to dyner vnto y^e Bastyle of seynt Denys.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. v. ix. f. lix^v/1 To repair the said wall in all partis with touris and bastailȝeis.

1649 Perfect Weekly Acct. 3–10 Jan. 346 The Bastiell, being the chief Fort of the City, is summoned by the town, and if the Governour surrender it not within two dayes, it will certainly be forced.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. Argt. 71 Conveys him to enchanted Castle, There shuts him fast in Wooden Bastile.

1728 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. V. xii. 277 He caused to be run up round the City sixty Forts or Redoubts, called then Bastilles.

1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) I. (at cited word) Bastile, a castle, tower, or any other fortified building; similar to a Peel.

1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 144 Ruins of bastiles and castles.

1919 Wise County (Texas) Messenger 9 May The bastile is the fort on the mountain overlooking the city [of Grenoble]. This was originally built by the Romans and Napoleon rebuilt it in his day.

2015 Washington Post (Nexis) 1 Feb. f02 The ancient bastille that overlooks the city is accessible via the Grenoble-Bastille Cable Car.

†3. figurative. Anything considered as a protection or refuge. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 31 Oblyuyoun, Hath maad a bastile off foryetilnesse, To stoppe the passage.

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 89 (MED) In thi bastell..In lusty age þan schall þe wel betide, And set at noght þis worldly wrecchidnesse.

c1490 J. Lydgate Stella Celi Extirpavit (Chetham) in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 209 Emperesse of the hevynly Consystory,..bastell of owre Victory.

a. With the. Usually with capital initial. (The name of) a fortress built in Paris in the 14th cent., known formally as la Bastille Saint-Antoine, which was used as a prison in the 17th and 18th centuries, and destroyed in 1789 at the beginning of the French Revolution.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > specific prisons

King's Bench1427

marshalsea1436

tunc1503

chateleta1513

clinkc1530

the Fleet1530

Bocardo1535

bastille1561

Poultry Compter1644

Whit1673

the Moor1869

the Ville1903

the Scrubs1923

H-block1976

Mandela University1986

1561 R. Norvell (title) The Myroure of ane Christiane, composed..during the tyme of his captiuitie at Paris in the Bastillie.

1698 Mem. E. Ludlow I. 220 He was transported to Paris, and imprisoned in the Bastile.

1746 Gentleman's Mag. July 342/1 The Henriade..compos'd..in the bastile, while he was a prisoner there.

1785 W. Cowper Task v. 383 Her [sc. France's] house of bondage..the Bastille.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. iii. 186 That rock-fortress, Tyranny's stronghold, which they name Bastille, or Building, as if there were no other building.

1903 Ulster Jrnl. Archæol. 9 47 He [sc. Sir William] went on a mission..in 1688,..to King James II. in Paris, and was thrown into the Bastille until 1692.

2014 J. Swafford Beethoven vii. 102 On the fourteenth of July..an armed mob of Parisians stormed the dungeon fortress of the Bastille.

b. In extended use: any prison. Also figurative and in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun]

quarternOE

prisona1200

jailc1275

lodgec1290

galleya1300

chartrea1325

ward1338

keepingc1384

prison-house1419

lying-house1423

javel1483

tollbooth1488

kidcotec1515

clinkc1530

warding-place1571

the hangman's budget1589

Newgate1592

gehenna1594

Lob's pound1597

caperdewsie1599

footman's inn1604

cappadochio1607

pena1640

marshalsea1652

log-house1662

bastille1663

naskin1673

state prison1684

tronk1693

stone-doublet1694

iron or stone doublet1698

college1699

nask1699

quod1699

shop1699

black hole1707

start1735

coop1785

blockhouse1796

stone jug1796

calaboose1797

factory1806

bull-pen1809

steel1811

jigger1812

jug1815

kitty1825

rock pile1830

bughouse1842

zindan1844

model1845

black house1846

tench1850

mill1851

stir1851

hoppet1855

booby hatch1859

caboose1865

cooler1872

skookum house1873

chokey1874

gib1877

nick1882

choker1884

logs1888

booby house1894

big house1905

hoosegow1911

can1912

detention camp1916

pokey1919

slammer1952

joint1953

slam1960

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. ii. 159 There stands A Bastile, built t'imprison hands; By strange enchantment made to fetter The lesser parts, and free the greater.

1765 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy VII. xxxv. 129 I will go to ten thousand Bastiles first.

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel III. iii. 55 Nigel was somewhat immured within the Bastile of his rank.

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 58 Pentonville's frowning bastille.

1947 N. Cassady Let. 10 Apr. (2005) 36 In the process of getting the job I may go to jail on account of a past episode... If I fail—I suppose I can get a letter smuggled out to you from the bastille.

2001 J. T. Hallinan Going up River p. xii The state prison in Joliet, Illinois..is one of the oldest prisons in the United States, a nineteenth-century bastille that seems to lack only a moat and a drawbridge.

c. British. A workhouse. Now historical.Typically used by critics of the workhouse system, and perhaps popularized by the speeches of William Cobbett MP, opponent of the New Poor Law of 1834; cf. quot. 1834.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > poor-relief > workhouse for poor

workhouse1631

house of industry1679

bastille1835

great house1838

1834 W. Cobbett in Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 21 1005 In that report [on the Poor-laws], it was proposed that the labourers should be shut up in a sort of Bastille.]

1835 Brighton Patriot 28 July The resolution carried was a modification of the first intended scale of the bastile... He should put in force the clause directing the enlargement of the present workhouse.

1842 Waltham-on-Sea v. 83 Oh, no doubt, you believe in poor-law bastilles.

1872 M. J. H. Hollings Christmas Hamper ii. 15 ‘I don't want my babbies to go to t' Bastile.’.. I couldn't fashion to send um to t'workhouse.

1907 F. W. Jowett Socialist & City x. 71 Under the poor law system society keeps its test-house, called a workhouse by some, a bastille by others, and it offers its hospitality there rather in the way of a deterrent than in good faith.

2000 T. May Victorian Workhouse 11/2 Opponents of the new workhouses referred to them as ‘bastilles’ (often spelled ‘bastiles’, and apparently pronounced with a long ‘i’), and it suited the Commissioners' plans of deterrence that they should do so.

Compounds

Bastille Day n. the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, celebrated as a national holiday in France; = Quatorze Juillet n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > of battles, wars, treaties, etc.

day of truce1486

Evil May Dayc1590

Bonfire Night1661

Pope Day1769

Pope Night1773

the Fourth (of July)1779

Town Taking Day1788

Independence Day1791

Independent Day1803

Guy Fawkes day1825

Bastille Day1837

Trafalgar Day1837

Turkey Day1870

Canada Day1882

Juneteenth1890

flag-day1894

Patriots' Day1894

Remembrance Day1895

twelfth1896

Quatorze Juillet1899

quatorze1915

Armistice Day1918

Poppy Day1921

Remembrance Sunday1925

VJ-day1944

Commonwealth Day1958

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iv. i. 235 It is yellow July evening, we say, the thirteenth of the month; eve of the Bastille day,—when ‘M. Marat’..became notable among Patriot men!

1986 Times 16 July 17/3 By first invoking the ghost of President de Gaulle,..and doing so moreover on Bastille Day—he has practically pinned the tricolor to his cause.

2013 S. C. Stephens Reckless 482 She..made us go out to a nice French restaurant to celebrate Bastille Day.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bastille
释义	bastillen. Brit. /baˈstiːl/, /bɑːˈstiːl/, /ˈbastɪl/, /ˈbɑːstɪl/, U.S. /bæˈstil/ Forms: Middle English baistell (northern), Middle English bastayle, Middle English bastel, Middle English bastele, Middle English bastelle, Middle English bastyll, Middle English–1500s bastell, Middle English–1500s bastyle, Middle English–1500s bastylle, Middle English–1600s bastill, Middle English– bastile, 1500s bastillie, 1500s–1600s bastil, 1500s– bastille, 1600s bastiell, 1600s bastle; also Scottish pre-1700 bastailȝe, pre-1700 bastailye, pre-1700 bastalȝe, pre-1700 bastalȝie, pre-1700 bastalye, pre-1700 basteilȝe, pre-1700 bastelȝe, pre-1700 bastillie, pre-1700 bastulȝie, pre-1700 bastulȝy, pre-1700 bestailye, pre-1700 bustailȝie (transmission error); English regional (chiefly northern and midlands), in sense 4c 1800s basteel, 1800s bastil, 1800s bastile, 1800s bastyle. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bastille. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman bastile, Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French bastille provisional fortification constructed to attack or defend a place (late 14th cent.), fortified tower, fortification, (small) fortress or castle (late 14th cent.), (specifically) used as the name of a fortress in Paris (1476), in Anglo-Norman also fortified outpost (late 14th cent.), alteration (with suffix substitution, after nouns in -ille ) of bastide fortress (see bastide n.). Compare bastle house n., whose first element shows the expected regular reflex of the Middle English forms in -el.Compare post-classical Latin bastile wooden siege tower (late 14th cent. in a British source), bastilla , bastillia , bastillus , bastellum wooden siege tower, fortification (from late 14th cent. in British sources), Bastilla the Bastille in Paris (early 16th cent.), probably all < French. Specific senses. With sense 4a, compare the following slightly earlier specific use of bastion n. to denote the Bastille in Paris:1546 W. Paget Let. in State Papers Henry VIII (P.R.O.: SP 1/217) f. 87 He shall ere he depart wish himself in the Bastion in Parys, where the fond bruit was he remained prisoner. 1. a. A fortified encampment of a besieging army; any of the buildings comprising this. Now historical. ΚΠ a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 678 Wriȝtes han wroȝt a wonder stronge pale Alle aboute þe burwe with bastiles manye..Þat no segge vnder sonne myȝt fram þe cite passe. 1442 T. Bekington Let. in G. Williams Mem. Reign Henry VI (1872) II. 187 (MED) Your ennemies purposen to make iiij bastilles aboute the said towne of Ax and stuff theryin with..iiij m. men of armes. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxxix. 754 And so lodged in Calays..in bastylles that they made dayly. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxii. lx. 471 Good no where, neither in battaile nor in bastill [L. castris]. 1750 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 717 A bastille or small wooden fort was erected on the land side. 1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 352 Bastilles, or huts defended by intrenchments were constructed round the city. 1905 T. F. Tout Hist. Eng. Henry III. to Edward III. xviii. 417 A ring of bastilles was erected round the doomed town, and cannon discharged huge balls of stone against its ramparts. 1999 M. Keen Medieval Warfare (2001) viii. 171 Siege bastilles built around Gironville in 1324–5 were constructed as raised earthen platforms, 35 m square. †b. A wooden tower, sometimes mounted on wheels, used by besieging troops to observe, harass, or attack an enemy fortification. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > encamping > hut for besiegers bastillec1400 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1187 At uch brugge a berfray on basteles wyse. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) (1988) 102 Toures of tymber goyng on wheles þat were clepen bastiles [v.r. bastayle] or somercastell [read somercastelles]. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 374 (MED) The kyng..laied a siege to Hareflete..With bulwerkes stoute and bastell. 2. A tower or bastion of a castle; a fortified tower; a small fortress.Now chiefly in French contexts. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or watch-tower towerc897 bastillec1400 bastillion1525 cavalier1562 commander1572 torrion1572 mount1590 sentinel1600 sentry1611 cat1628 torne1637 rondel1686 rounder1774 Martello tower1803 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower belfryc1300 mate-griffonc1330 summercastle1382 bastillec1400 towerc1440 summertowera1450 bestial1488 bastide1523 turret1565 timber-tower1614 helepole1770 cat-castle1861 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 799 Bastel roueȝ þat blenked ful quyte. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. l. 2688 Squar bastiles & bolwerkis to make. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxxix Y^e prouoste..went to dyner vnto y^e Bastyle of seynt Denys. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. v. ix. f. lix^v/1 To repair the said wall in all partis with touris and bastailȝeis. 1649 Perfect Weekly Acct. 3–10 Jan. 346 The Bastiell, being the chief Fort of the City, is summoned by the town, and if the Governour surrender it not within two dayes, it will certainly be forced. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. Argt. 71 Conveys him to enchanted Castle, There shuts him fast in Wooden Bastile. 1728 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. V. xii. 277 He caused to be run up round the City sixty Forts or Redoubts, called then Bastilles. 1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) I. (at cited word) Bastile, a castle, tower, or any other fortified building; similar to a Peel. 1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 144 Ruins of bastiles and castles. 1919 Wise County (Texas) Messenger 9 May The bastile is the fort on the mountain overlooking the city [of Grenoble]. This was originally built by the Romans and Napoleon rebuilt it in his day. 2015 Washington Post (Nexis) 1 Feb. f02 The ancient bastille that overlooks the city is accessible via the Grenoble-Bastille Cable Car. †3. figurative. Anything considered as a protection or refuge. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 31 Oblyuyoun, Hath maad a bastile off foryetilnesse, To stoppe the passage. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 89 (MED) In thi bastell..In lusty age þan schall þe wel betide, And set at noght þis worldly wrecchidnesse. c1490 J. Lydgate Stella Celi Extirpavit (Chetham) in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 209 Emperesse of the hevynly Consystory,..bastell of owre Victory. 4. a. With the. Usually with capital initial. (The name of) a fortress built in Paris in the 14th cent., known formally as la Bastille Saint-Antoine, which was used as a prison in the 17th and 18th centuries, and destroyed in 1789 at the beginning of the French Revolution. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > specific prisons King's Bench1427 marshalsea1436 tunc1503 chateleta1513 clinkc1530 the Fleet1530 Bocardo1535 bastille1561 Poultry Compter1644 Whit1673 the Moor1869 the Ville1903 the Scrubs1923 H-block1976 Mandela University1986 1561 R. Norvell (title) The Myroure of ane Christiane, composed..during the tyme of his captiuitie at Paris in the Bastillie. 1698 Mem. E. Ludlow I. 220 He was transported to Paris, and imprisoned in the Bastile. 1746 Gentleman's Mag. July 342/1 The Henriade..compos'd..in the bastile, while he was a prisoner there. 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 383 Her [sc. France's] house of bondage..the Bastille. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. iii. 186 That rock-fortress, Tyranny's stronghold, which they name Bastille, or Building, as if there were no other building. 1903 Ulster Jrnl. Archæol. 9 47 He [sc. Sir William] went on a mission..in 1688,..to King James II. in Paris, and was thrown into the Bastille until 1692. 2014 J. Swafford Beethoven vii. 102 On the fourteenth of July..an armed mob of Parisians stormed the dungeon fortress of the Bastille. b. In extended use: any prison. Also figurative and in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] quarternOE prisona1200 jailc1275 lodgec1290 galleya1300 chartrea1325 ward1338 keepingc1384 prison-house1419 lying-house1423 javel1483 tollbooth1488 kidcotec1515 clinkc1530 warding-place1571 the hangman's budget1589 Newgate1592 gehenna1594 Lob's pound1597 caperdewsie1599 footman's inn1604 cappadochio1607 pena1640 marshalsea1652 log-house1662 bastille1663 naskin1673 state prison1684 tronk1693 stone-doublet1694 iron or stone doublet1698 college1699 nask1699 quod1699 shop1699 black hole1707 start1735 coop1785 blockhouse1796 stone jug1796 calaboose1797 factory1806 bull-pen1809 steel1811 jigger1812 jug1815 kitty1825 rock pile1830 bughouse1842 zindan1844 model1845 black house1846 tench1850 mill1851 stir1851 hoppet1855 booby hatch1859 caboose1865 cooler1872 skookum house1873 chokey1874 gib1877 nick1882 choker1884 logs1888 booby house1894 big house1905 hoosegow1911 can1912 detention camp1916 pokey1919 slammer1952 joint1953 slam1960 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. ii. 159 There stands A Bastile, built t'imprison hands; By strange enchantment made to fetter The lesser parts, and free the greater. 1765 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy VII. xxxv. 129 I will go to ten thousand Bastiles first. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel III. iii. 55 Nigel was somewhat immured within the Bastile of his rank. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 58 Pentonville's frowning bastille. 1947 N. Cassady Let. 10 Apr. (2005) 36 In the process of getting the job I may go to jail on account of a past episode... If I fail—I suppose I can get a letter smuggled out to you from the bastille. 2001 J. T. Hallinan Going up River p. xii The state prison in Joliet, Illinois..is one of the oldest prisons in the United States, a nineteenth-century bastille that seems to lack only a moat and a drawbridge. c. British. A workhouse. Now historical.Typically used by critics of the workhouse system, and perhaps popularized by the speeches of William Cobbett MP, opponent of the New Poor Law of 1834; cf. quot. 1834. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > poor-relief > workhouse for poor workhouse1631 house of industry1679 bastille1835 great house1838 1834 W. Cobbett in Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 21 1005 In that report [on the Poor-laws], it was proposed that the labourers should be shut up in a sort of Bastille.] 1835 Brighton Patriot 28 July The resolution carried was a modification of the first intended scale of the bastile... He should put in force the clause directing the enlargement of the present workhouse. 1842 Waltham-on-Sea v. 83 Oh, no doubt, you believe in poor-law bastilles. 1872 M. J. H. Hollings Christmas Hamper ii. 15 ‘I don't want my babbies to go to t' Bastile.’.. I couldn't fashion to send um to t'workhouse. 1907 F. W. Jowett Socialist & City x. 71 Under the poor law system society keeps its test-house, called a workhouse by some, a bastille by others, and it offers its hospitality there rather in the way of a deterrent than in good faith. 2000 T. May Victorian Workhouse 11/2 Opponents of the new workhouses referred to them as ‘bastilles’ (often spelled ‘bastiles’, and apparently pronounced with a long ‘i’), and it suited the Commissioners' plans of deterrence that they should do so. Compounds Bastille Day n. the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, celebrated as a national holiday in France; = Quatorze Juillet n. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > of battles, wars, treaties, etc. day of truce1486 Evil May Dayc1590 Bonfire Night1661 Pope Day1769 Pope Night1773 the Fourth (of July)1779 Town Taking Day1788 Independence Day1791 Independent Day1803 Guy Fawkes day1825 Bastille Day1837 Trafalgar Day1837 Turkey Day1870 Canada Day1882 Juneteenth1890 flag-day1894 Patriots' Day1894 Remembrance Day1895 twelfth1896 Quatorze Juillet1899 quatorze1915 Armistice Day1918 Poppy Day1921 Remembrance Sunday1925 VJ-day1944 Commonwealth Day1958 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iv. i. 235 It is yellow July evening, we say, the thirteenth of the month; eve of the Bastille day,—when ‘M. Marat’..became notable among Patriot men! 1986 Times 16 July 17/3 By first invoking the ghost of President de Gaulle,..and doing so moreover on Bastille Day—he has practically pinned the tricolor to his cause. 2013 S. C. Stephens Reckless 482 She..made us go out to a nice French restaurant to celebrate Bastille Day. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bastillev.¹ Forms: late Middle English bastile, late Middle English–1500s bastyle. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bastiller. Etymology: < Middle French bastiller to fortify (a castle) (mid 14th cent.), probably an alteration (after bastille bastille n.) of bataillier, bateillier, in the same sense (early 12th cent. in Old French), further etymology uncertain and disputed (see Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at bastjan). Obsolete. transitive. To fortify (a castle or city). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)] fastenOE enfirm1297 ofstrengthc1325 strengthc1325 warnc1330 ward1340 warnestorec1374 abattlec1380 embattlec1380 fortify1436 bulwark1450 strengthen1450 bastille1480 enstrength1483 rempare1525 munite1533 fence1535 force1535 ranforce1547 rampire1550 fort1559 ramforce1570 fortificate1575 refortify1579 ensconce1590 munify1596 sconce1598 renforce1602 harness1611 munish1633 tackle1645 schanze1901 1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses* xi. v Laomedon..redyed hym for to bastyle and edefye the new Troye. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1134 When thys castell was bastiled fair. 1521 tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Cyte of Ladyes i. iv. sig. CC.ij The hyghe large and grete towres and stronge castelles, dyked, bastyled, and barred. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2020). bastillev.² Brit. /baˈstiːl/, /bɑːˈstiːl/, /ˈbɑːstɪl/, /ˈbastɪl/, U.S. /bæˈstil/ Forms: see bastille n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: bastille n. Etymology: < bastille n. Compare earlier bastille v.¹Compare French †bastiller, in the same sense (1637; rare). transitive. To confine in or as if in a bastille (see bastille n. 4); to imprison (literal and figurative). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > imprison [verb (transitive)] beclosec1000 setc1100 steekc1175 prison?c1225 adightc1275 imprison1297 laya1325 keepc1330 presentc1380 locka1400 throwc1422 commise1480 clapc1530 shop1548 to lay up1565 incarcerate1575 embar1590 immure1598 hole1608 trunk1608 to keep (a person) darka1616 carceir1630 enjaila1631 pocket1631 bridewell1733 bastille1745 cage1805 quod1819 bag1824 carcerate1839 to send down1840 jug1841 slough1848 to send up1852 to put away1859 warehouse1881 roundhouse1889 smug1896 to bang up1950 1745 E. Young Consolation 54 Instead of forging Chains for Foreigners, Bastile thy Tutor. a1797 M. Wollstonecraft Posthumous Wks. (1798) II. 34 Marriage had bastilled me for life. 1841 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Aug. 432 We caught such a victim [sc. a moth drawn to a flame], before he had had time to commit such deadly suicide; and having bastilled him beneath a tumbler, we fell to an admiring study of his parts and proportions. 1928 Helena (Montana) Independent 24 Dec. 1/4 (heading) Bad ones bastiled by New York cops. 2000 H. Mantel in Times (Nexis) 23 Dec. The neglected warp and weft of those garments that failed to sell and were bastilled in distant stockrooms. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1400v.¹1480v.²1745
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bastillen.

Compounds

† bastillev.1

bastillev.2

† bastillev.¹

bastillev.²