Peierlsn.

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪəːlz/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪərlz/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Peierls.

Etymology: < the name of Sir Rudolf Peierls (1907–95), German-born British physicist, who described the distortion in Quantum Theory of Solids (1955) 108.With sense 1 compare slightly earlier Peierls–Nabarro n.

Physics and Materials Science.

1. Used attributively with reference to the resistance to the movement of a dislocation along a slip plane arising from the periodic nature of the crystal lattice, as Peierls barrier, Peierls force, Peierls potential, Peierls stress.The phenomenon was described by Peierls in Proc. Physical Soc. (1940) 52 34–7.

ΚΠ

1952 Adv. Physics 1 353 The corresponding Peierls equation is satisfied by the displacements produced by an elastic dislocation a suitable distance ζ(D/b) below the plane.

1960 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 259 221 Equation (8) refers to the increase in flow stress due to strain hardening above that due to impurities and Peierls force.

1969 Jrnl. Amer. Ceramic Soc. 52 1/1 The rate-controlling deformation mechanism for polycrystals may be the thermally activated surmounting of the Peierls barrier.

1984 Science 9 Nov. 637/1 Other factors that contribute to the low ductility of alloys with long-range order include restricted cross slip, high Peierls stress, [etc.].

1999 Acta Materialia 47 2879 Silicon crystals in the temperature domain where Peierls forces govern the dislocation mobility.

2001 Philos. Mag. A. 81 1257 In silicon and other materials with a high Peierls potential, dislocation motion takes place by nucleation and propagation of kink pairs.

2003 Intermetallics 11 633 Plastic deformation of this alloy at high temperature is controlled by a Peierls mechanism.

2003 Materials Sci. & Engin. A. 358 279 Molybdenum disilicide..is a high Peierls stress material with a strong temperature dependence of the yield stress.

2. Used attributively with reference to a spatially periodic distortion of a linear chain of atoms or molecules in certain solids, adduced to explain an observed change from a conducting to a semiconducting or insulating state at low temperatures; esp. in Peierls distortion, Peierls transition.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > superconductivity > [adjective] > not in superconducting state

normal1927

quenched1946

Peierls1969

1969 M. R. Bhagavan in Jrnl. Physics C 2 1093 The occurrence of Peierls doubling means that one must take into account those scattering processes in which momentum 2k_f is transferred.

1973 Solid State Communications 12 1130/2 The important question is whether or not one can stabilize such a system just above the Peierls transition.., so that on lowering the temperature the superconducting state becomes truly stable.

1973 Physical Rev. B. 8 574/2 The experimental superperiod of 8 × 2·88 Å due to the platinum atoms is..in exact agreement with the expected superperiod as due to a ‘Peierls distortion’.

1989 Nature 8 June 428/3 A strong electron–phonon interaction (involving BiO bond stretching distortions) causes a textbook example of a Peierls distortion of the lattice, doubling the unit cell, splitting the conduction band in two which inhibits charge flow, and making a semiconductor.

1997 Science 28 Mar. 1896/2 Chemists have recently found a long carbon-based molecule in which the Peierls transition is absent, and thus, it can be a one-dimensional conductor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peierls
释义	Peierlsn. Brit. /ˈpʌɪəːlz/, U.S. /ˈpaɪərlz/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Peierls. Etymology: < the name of Sir Rudolf Peierls (1907–95), German-born British physicist, who described the distortion in Quantum Theory of Solids (1955) 108.With sense 1 compare slightly earlier Peierls–Nabarro n. Physics and Materials Science. 1. Used attributively with reference to the resistance to the movement of a dislocation along a slip plane arising from the periodic nature of the crystal lattice, as Peierls barrier, Peierls force, Peierls potential, Peierls stress.The phenomenon was described by Peierls in Proc. Physical Soc. (1940) 52 34–7. ΚΠ 1952 Adv. Physics 1 353 The corresponding Peierls equation is satisfied by the displacements produced by an elastic dislocation a suitable distance ζ(D/b) below the plane. 1960 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 259 221 Equation (8) refers to the increase in flow stress due to strain hardening above that due to impurities and Peierls force. 1969 Jrnl. Amer. Ceramic Soc. 52 1/1 The rate-controlling deformation mechanism for polycrystals may be the thermally activated surmounting of the Peierls barrier. 1984 Science 9 Nov. 637/1 Other factors that contribute to the low ductility of alloys with long-range order include restricted cross slip, high Peierls stress, [etc.]. 1999 Acta Materialia 47 2879 Silicon crystals in the temperature domain where Peierls forces govern the dislocation mobility. 2001 Philos. Mag. A. 81 1257 In silicon and other materials with a high Peierls potential, dislocation motion takes place by nucleation and propagation of kink pairs. 2003 Intermetallics 11 633 Plastic deformation of this alloy at high temperature is controlled by a Peierls mechanism. 2003 Materials Sci. & Engin. A. 358 279 Molybdenum disilicide..is a high Peierls stress material with a strong temperature dependence of the yield stress. 2. Used attributively with reference to a spatially periodic distortion of a linear chain of atoms or molecules in certain solids, adduced to explain an observed change from a conducting to a semiconducting or insulating state at low temperatures; esp. in Peierls distortion, Peierls transition. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > superconductivity > [adjective] > not in superconducting state normal1927 quenched1946 Peierls1969 1969 M. R. Bhagavan in Jrnl. Physics C 2 1093 The occurrence of Peierls doubling means that one must take into account those scattering processes in which momentum 2k_f is transferred. 1973 Solid State Communications 12 1130/2 The important question is whether or not one can stabilize such a system just above the Peierls transition.., so that on lowering the temperature the superconducting state becomes truly stable. 1973 Physical Rev. B. 8 574/2 The experimental superperiod of 8 × 2·88 Å due to the platinum atoms is..in exact agreement with the expected superperiod as due to a ‘Peierls distortion’. 1989 Nature 8 June 428/3 A strong electron–phonon interaction (involving BiO bond stretching distortions) causes a textbook example of a Peierls distortion of the lattice, doubling the unit cell, splitting the conduction band in two which inhibits charge flow, and making a semiconductor. 1997 Science 28 Mar. 1896/2 Chemists have recently found a long carbon-based molecule in which the Peierls transition is absent, and thus, it can be a one-dimensional conductor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1952
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