perduadj.n.

Brit.

/pəːˈdjuː/, U.S.

/pərˈd(j)u/

Forms: 1500s– perdue, 1600s pardu, 1600s pardue, 1600s perdew, 1600s per-du, 1600s purdieu, 1600s purdue, 1600s pur due, 1600s–1700s perdieu, 1600s– perdu, 1800s perdû.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French perdu.

Etymology: < Middle French perdu lost, perished (c980 in Old French; French perdu , feminine perdue ), past participle of perdre < classical Latin perdere (see perdition n.); chiefly after Middle French, French sentinelle perdue (1580).In sense A. 1b partly after French enfant perdu (c1600 or earlier). The forms in -dieu are probably after French par Dieu pardie int. N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (pəɹdiū·, pə̄·ɹdiu, ‖ pę rdü) /pəˈdjuː/ /ˈpɜːdjuː/ ‖ /pɛrdy/.

A. adj.

†a. Designating a sentinel's position which is so dangerous that death is almost inevitable; posted in such a position. Only in sentinel perdu (also occasionally perdu sentinel). Cf. forlorn sentinel at sentinel n. 1a. Obsolete.In quot. 1591 interpreted as an adjective from the context, although the punctuation appears to indicate a noun.

ΚΠ

1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre i. 1 In Trenches, where perchance hee shall stand a number of houers in the water and myre vp to the knees: and besides vp on the Bulwarkes, breaches, in espials, in Sentinels, perdues, and such like.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life (1976) 53 Sir Edward Cecill..used often during this Siege to go in person in the night time to try whether he could catch any Sentinells perdues.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xix. 149/2 A Perdue sentinell is..layd down in the open field, where he lyeth on his belly with his eare to the ground to heare what he can from the enemy.

b. In extended use: placed in an extremely hazardous position or situation; (of a case or situation) desperate; lost. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [adjective] > exposed to danger

unsurea1400

periclitate1525

dangeredc1604

endangered1609

unsafea1616

perdua1625

insecure1655

imperilled1656

unsecure1656

naufrageous1694

perilled1819

jeopardized1864

periculant1882

at-risk1965

a1625 J. Fletcher Loyal Subj. i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ccc4/2 Put. How stand you with him [sc. the Duke], Sir? The. A perdue Captaine, Full of my fathers danger.

1653 J. Gauden Hieraspistes 235 Where..peevish cavils and pertinacious calumnies,..do but rally themselves, as in a case perdue, to see what can be done by volleys of rayling Rhetorick.

a1796 R. Burns Poetry (1896) 113 That heart, already more than lost, The imp beleaguer'd all perdu.

1997 Independent (Nexis) 20 Jan. (Title section) 1 Her mother was later ticked off for having a child who had wilfully got herself perdue in this way.

2. to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu.

†a. Military. To be placed as an outpost, guard, scout, etc., in an exposed or hazardous position. Also: to be hidden and on watch, to be lying in ambush. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)]

to stand upon one's watch1535

sentinel1593

to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1607

to mount (the) guard1669

to keep guard1712

sentry1910

to watch a person's back1974

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)] > whilst being hidden

to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1607

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > [adjective]

dernOE

blindc1386

secret?a1513

to lie perdu1791

1607 B. Barnes Divils Charter iii. ii. sig. E4^v This very night must I stand Perdue for this bloudy seruice.

1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher King & No King i. sig. A3 Such commanders as thou may, I had as liue set thee Perdue for a pudding yth darke, as Alexander the great.

a1732 E. Cooke Sot-weed Factor in Early Maryland Poetry (1900) 23 But Sheriff wily lay perdue, Hoping Indictments wou'd ensue.

1791 Pennsylvania Gaz. 28 Sept. Major McDowell..commanded the first battalion, to lie perdue until I commenced the attack.

1850 W. G. Simms Lily & Totem xxv. viii. 442 Our chevalier determined to lie perdu until the next morning, the hour being too late and the enemy too watchful.

1897 E. A. Bartlett Battlefields of Thessaly ix. 196 There were plenty of Greeks lying perdu about the south-western fringe of the wood.

b. In extended use: to be concealed or hidden from sight; to lie low.

(a) Of people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make attack [verb (intransitive)] > lie in wait

siteOE

wait?c1225

aspya1250

awaita1250

keepc1275

to sit in wait(s)a1300

lurkc1300

bush1330

to lie at (the) waitc1440

to lie on waitc1440

to lie wait1445

lay one's wait1535

hugger1567

to lie at (on, upon the) lurch1578

couch1582

ambuscade1592

to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1624

to lie at (or upon the) snap1631

ambush1638

to hole up1912

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, lie or hidden [verb (intransitive)]

mitheeOE

wryOE

darea1225

skulka1300

hidec1330

hulkc1330

dilla1400

droopc1420

shroudc1450

darkenc1475

conceal1591

lie1604

dern1608

burrow1614

obscurea1626

to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1701

lie close1719

1624 P. Massinger Bond-man ii. i. sig. D2 There's a sport too Nam'd lying Perdieu,..tis a game, Which you must learne to play at.

1640 S. Harding Sicily & Naples v. ii. 87 'Tis so darke now, an the divell should lye perdieu I should go neere to stumble on's hornes.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. iii. 195 This Hudibras..by the Furies left Perdue.

1701 J. Philips Splendid Shilling (1715) 6 This Caitif..oft Lies perdue in a Nook or gloomy Cave.

1792 C. Smith Desmond III. xiii. 172 While this conversation..went on, I stood perdu behind Mr Grimbold.

1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose vi, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 115 Hold..We must not be perdue if possible.

1870 R. Broughton Red as Rose xiv She has been lying perdue,..deeply buried in the unwonted luxury of a French novel.

1924 A. Christie Man in Brown Suit xxv. 216 If I were you I would stay quietly perdu here until you are quite strong again.

1970 J. Glassco Mem. Montparnasse xv. 137 Stanley lay perdue for the next few days.

(b) Of things, qualities, etc. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iv. 761 Suggestion lay pur due by Contemplation, And sought to disadvantage Meditation.

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. vii. 87 The Engine lurking perdue in a Coat Pocket.

1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 373/2 The ingenious author tells us..the general's intention remains perdu.

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. ii. 133 A host of honest good fellow qualities..had lain perdue.

1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly I. Prol. i. 6 Hidden in the belt of each or carried perdu in the trousers-pocket.

1927 Baroness Orczy Sir Percy hits Back xxiv. 205 This untenanted cottage..lay perdu, off both the main and the secondary roads.

†3. Sleeping or passing the night outside or out of bed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > [adjective] > out of bed or staying up

perdu1634

up-all-night1856

up1958

1634 T. Carew Cœlum Britanicum 5 Though it be to the surprize of a perdu Page or Chamber-maide.

1697 M. Pix Innocent Mistress iv. iv It must be so; this is some perdu Devil of hers, that durst not venture in.

4. attributive or as postmodifier. Hidden, concealed; disguised. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adjective]

privya1398

palliate?a1425

beguiled1561

masked1567

covert1574

retired1596

remote1601

palliated1612

unsuspected1620

lapped1637

sopited1646

veiled1651

perdua1734

ulterior1735

screened1844

marzipanned1979

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. ii. §160. 113* The Trick of a Brace of perdue Witnesses, charged and primed in order to a short Turn.

1837 W. H. Ainsworth Crichton ii. ii A Huguenot perdue in the Louvre.

1923 W. Stevens Coll. Poems (1954) 112 Yet there is no spring in Florida, neither in boskage perdu, nor on the nunnery beaches.

†B. n.

a. A soldier placed in a particularly hazardous position or sent on a dangerous mission; esp. one on watch or on guard as an outlying sentinel. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun] > one who

lier1596

perdu1608

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > on hazardous duty

perdu1608

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > guard > in dangerous position

perdu1608

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxi. 33 To watch poore Perdu, With this thin helme.

a1642 J. Suckling Poems 30 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) Out of the bed the other fair hand was On a green sattin quilt..There lay this pretty perdue, safe to keep The rest oth' body that lay fast asleep.

1681 L. Addison Moores Baffled 7 The Earl in person every night laid Perdues to prevent Surprisals.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) A Perdue, a Sentinel or Soldier plac'd in an advanced and dangerous Post.

b. In plural. Soldiers selected for a military duty so dangerous that death is almost inevitable; = forlorn hope n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for hazardous duty

perdus1611

suicide club1914

1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor v. iii. sig. R^v And yet mee thinkes you should take your leaue of Infans-perdus here, your forlorn hope.

1604 F. Bacon Apol. conc. Earle of Essex 63 Madame..you haue put me like one of those that the Frenchmen call Enfans perdus, that serue on foote before horsmen.]

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Perdu Enfans perdus, perdus: or the forlorne hope, of a campe (are commonly Gentlemen of Companies).

a1617 Sir J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 15 The King..sent a number of Infantry Perdews to his Trenches, to bring on the Skirmish.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Perdues,..the forlorn hope of a Camp,..are so called, because they are given for lost men, in respect of the danger of their service.

c. A body of troops on sentry duty; a band of guards collectively. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty

guarda1513

counterguard1523

stand watch1525

presidy1529

body of guard1579

court of guarda1592

perdu1622

sentry1705

field-watch1797

watch-post1852

1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 31 Such are the Guard, the Sentinell, the Watch, the Perdu for the Common-wealth.

1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 69 During this siege, there was taken by the English perdu, a French man [etc.].

1689 T. Plunket Char. Good Commander 13/1 One night he needs would visit his per-du; For in a Field of Wheat he then had three.

d. Any person who acts as a lookout, scout, or spy. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard

warda680

wakemanc1175

wardena1250

watchc1380

watchmana1400

outwatch1488

warderc1540

sentinel1579

perdu1639

sentry1650

lookout1662

security man1662

guardman1756

excubitor1775

cockatoo1827

guardsmana1854

dog1870

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxii. 267 Poland..lying constant perdue of Christendome against the Tartarian.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew at Budge Standing Budge, c. The Thieves Scout or Perdu.

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) ii. iv. §116. 292 Sir William Waller, the Perdue, was the Discoverer..and, by his Diligence, the Man taken and sent to Newgate.

2. The post of sentinel perdu (see sense A. 1a). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [noun] > watch-post > advanced

sentinel1579

perdu1611

1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) ii. sig. F2^v I would you would relieue me; for I am So heauie, that I shall ha' much adoe; To stand out my perdu.

1641 R. Brathwait Astrea's Teares sig. B4 In Zealand, Brabant, where I oft have beene And kept my fixt Perdue.

3. A wicked or degenerate person. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > dissolute conduct > dissolute person > [noun]

unthriftc1330

castaway1526

degenerate1555

rakehellc1560

ruffian1560

reprobate1592

rakeshame1598

wag-wanton1601

pavement-beater1611

perdu1611

wantoner1665

profligate1679

rantipole1699

rakehellyc1768

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > reprobacy > person

gracelessc1405

castaway1526

losthope?c1550

reprobate1592

want-grace1603

perdu1611

slack-grace1623

1611 N. T. in T. Coryate Crambe sig. b1 Had they bin worne by a Perdu?

1612 G. Chapman Widdowes Teares ii. sig. D^v Prophane Ruffins, Squires to Bawds, & Strumpets,..Debaucht perdu's.

a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady ii. v. 40 in Wks. (1640) III Your common fighting Brothers. Your old Perdu's.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	perdu
释义	perduadj.n. Brit. /pəːˈdjuː/, U.S. /pərˈd(j)u/ Forms: 1500s– perdue, 1600s pardu, 1600s pardue, 1600s perdew, 1600s per-du, 1600s purdieu, 1600s purdue, 1600s pur due, 1600s–1700s perdieu, 1600s– perdu, 1800s perdû. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French perdu. Etymology: < Middle French perdu lost, perished (c980 in Old French; French perdu , feminine perdue ), past participle of perdre < classical Latin perdere (see perdition n.); chiefly after Middle French, French sentinelle perdue (1580).In sense A. 1b partly after French enfant perdu (c1600 or earlier). The forms in -dieu are probably after French par Dieu pardie int. N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (pəɹdiū·, pə̄·ɹdiu, ‖ pę rdü) /pəˈdjuː/ /ˈpɜːdjuː/ ‖ /pɛrdy/. A. adj. 1. †a. Designating a sentinel's position which is so dangerous that death is almost inevitable; posted in such a position. Only in sentinel perdu (also occasionally perdu sentinel). Cf. forlorn sentinel at sentinel n. 1a. Obsolete.In quot. 1591 interpreted as an adjective from the context, although the punctuation appears to indicate a noun. ΚΠ 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre i. 1 In Trenches, where perchance hee shall stand a number of houers in the water and myre vp to the knees: and besides vp on the Bulwarkes, breaches, in espials, in Sentinels, perdues, and such like. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life (1976) 53 Sir Edward Cecill..used often during this Siege to go in person in the night time to try whether he could catch any Sentinells perdues. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xix. 149/2 A Perdue sentinell is..layd down in the open field, where he lyeth on his belly with his eare to the ground to heare what he can from the enemy. b. In extended use: placed in an extremely hazardous position or situation; (of a case or situation) desperate; lost. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [adjective] > exposed to danger unsurea1400 periclitate1525 dangeredc1604 endangered1609 unsafea1616 perdua1625 insecure1655 imperilled1656 unsecure1656 naufrageous1694 perilled1819 jeopardized1864 periculant1882 at-risk1965 a1625 J. Fletcher Loyal Subj. i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ccc4/2 Put. How stand you with him [sc. the Duke], Sir? The. A perdue Captaine, Full of my fathers danger. 1653 J. Gauden Hieraspistes 235 Where..peevish cavils and pertinacious calumnies,..do but rally themselves, as in a case perdue, to see what can be done by volleys of rayling Rhetorick. a1796 R. Burns Poetry (1896) 113 That heart, already more than lost, The imp beleaguer'd all perdu. 1997 Independent (Nexis) 20 Jan. (Title section) 1 Her mother was later ticked off for having a child who had wilfully got herself perdue in this way. 2. to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu. †a. Military. To be placed as an outpost, guard, scout, etc., in an exposed or hazardous position. Also: to be hidden and on watch, to be lying in ambush. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)] to stand upon one's watch1535 sentinel1593 to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1607 to mount (the) guard1669 to keep guard1712 sentry1910 to watch a person's back1974 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)] > whilst being hidden to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1607 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > [adjective] dernOE blindc1386 secret?a1513 to lie perdu1791 1607 B. Barnes Divils Charter iii. ii. sig. E4^v This very night must I stand Perdue for this bloudy seruice. 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher King & No King i. sig. A3 Such commanders as thou may, I had as liue set thee Perdue for a pudding yth darke, as Alexander the great. a1732 E. Cooke Sot-weed Factor in Early Maryland Poetry (1900) 23 But Sheriff wily lay perdue, Hoping Indictments wou'd ensue. 1791 Pennsylvania Gaz. 28 Sept. Major McDowell..commanded the first battalion, to lie perdue until I commenced the attack. 1850 W. G. Simms Lily & Totem xxv. viii. 442 Our chevalier determined to lie perdu until the next morning, the hour being too late and the enemy too watchful. 1897 E. A. Bartlett Battlefields of Thessaly ix. 196 There were plenty of Greeks lying perdu about the south-western fringe of the wood. b. In extended use: to be concealed or hidden from sight; to lie low. (a) Of people. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make attack [verb (intransitive)] > lie in wait siteOE wait?c1225 aspya1250 awaita1250 keepc1275 to sit in wait(s)a1300 lurkc1300 bush1330 to lie at (the) waitc1440 to lie on waitc1440 to lie wait1445 lay one's wait1535 hugger1567 to lie at (on, upon the) lurch1578 couch1582 ambuscade1592 to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1624 to lie at (or upon the) snap1631 ambush1638 to hole up1912 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, lie or hidden [verb (intransitive)] mitheeOE wryOE darea1225 skulka1300 hidec1330 hulkc1330 dilla1400 droopc1420 shroudc1450 darkenc1475 conceal1591 lie1604 dern1608 burrow1614 obscurea1626 to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1701 lie close1719 1624 P. Massinger Bond-man ii. i. sig. D2 There's a sport too Nam'd lying Perdieu,..tis a game, Which you must learne to play at. 1640 S. Harding Sicily & Naples v. ii. 87 'Tis so darke now, an the divell should lye perdieu I should go neere to stumble on's hornes. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. iii. 195 This Hudibras..by the Furies left Perdue. 1701 J. Philips Splendid Shilling (1715) 6 This Caitif..oft Lies perdue in a Nook or gloomy Cave. 1792 C. Smith Desmond III. xiii. 172 While this conversation..went on, I stood perdu behind Mr Grimbold. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose vi, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 115 Hold..We must not be perdue if possible. 1870 R. Broughton Red as Rose xiv She has been lying perdue,..deeply buried in the unwonted luxury of a French novel. 1924 A. Christie Man in Brown Suit xxv. 216 If I were you I would stay quietly perdu here until you are quite strong again. 1970 J. Glassco Mem. Montparnasse xv. 137 Stanley lay perdue for the next few days. (b) Of things, qualities, etc. Now rare. ΚΠ 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iv. 761 Suggestion lay pur due by Contemplation, And sought to disadvantage Meditation. a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. vii. 87 The Engine lurking perdue in a Coat Pocket. 1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 373/2 The ingenious author tells us..the general's intention remains perdu. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. ii. 133 A host of honest good fellow qualities..had lain perdue. 1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly I. Prol. i. 6 Hidden in the belt of each or carried perdu in the trousers-pocket. 1927 Baroness Orczy Sir Percy hits Back xxiv. 205 This untenanted cottage..lay perdu, off both the main and the secondary roads. †3. Sleeping or passing the night outside or out of bed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > [adjective] > out of bed or staying up perdu1634 up-all-night1856 up1958 1634 T. Carew Cœlum Britanicum 5 Though it be to the surprize of a perdu Page or Chamber-maide. 1697 M. Pix Innocent Mistress iv. iv It must be so; this is some perdu Devil of hers, that durst not venture in. 4. attributive or as postmodifier. Hidden, concealed; disguised. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adjective] privya1398 palliate?a1425 beguiled1561 masked1567 covert1574 retired1596 remote1601 palliated1612 unsuspected1620 lapped1637 sopited1646 veiled1651 perdua1734 ulterior1735 screened1844 marzipanned1979 a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. ii. §160. 113* The Trick of a Brace of perdue Witnesses, charged and primed in order to a short Turn. 1837 W. H. Ainsworth Crichton ii. ii A Huguenot perdue in the Louvre. 1923 W. Stevens Coll. Poems (1954) 112 Yet there is no spring in Florida, neither in boskage perdu, nor on the nunnery beaches. †B. n. 1. a. A soldier placed in a particularly hazardous position or sent on a dangerous mission; esp. one on watch or on guard as an outlying sentinel. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun] > one who lier1596 perdu1608 society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > on hazardous duty perdu1608 society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > guard > in dangerous position perdu1608 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxi. 33 To watch poore Perdu, With this thin helme. View more context for this quotation a1642 J. Suckling Poems 30 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) Out of the bed the other fair hand was On a green sattin quilt..There lay this pretty perdue, safe to keep The rest oth' body that lay fast asleep. 1681 L. Addison Moores Baffled 7 The Earl in person every night laid Perdues to prevent Surprisals. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) A Perdue, a Sentinel or Soldier plac'd in an advanced and dangerous Post. b. In plural. Soldiers selected for a military duty so dangerous that death is almost inevitable; = forlorn hope n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for hazardous duty perdus1611 suicide club1914 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor v. iii. sig. R^v And yet mee thinkes you should take your leaue of Infans-perdus here, your forlorn hope. View more context for this quotation 1604 F. Bacon Apol. conc. Earle of Essex 63 Madame..you haue put me like one of those that the Frenchmen call Enfans perdus, that serue on foote before horsmen.] 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Perdu Enfans perdus, perdus: or the forlorne hope, of a campe (are commonly Gentlemen of Companies). a1617 Sir J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 15 The King..sent a number of Infantry Perdews to his Trenches, to bring on the Skirmish. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Perdues,..the forlorn hope of a Camp,..are so called, because they are given for lost men, in respect of the danger of their service. c. A body of troops on sentry duty; a band of guards collectively. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty guarda1513 counterguard1523 stand watch1525 presidy1529 body of guard1579 court of guarda1592 perdu1622 sentry1705 field-watch1797 watch-post1852 1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 31 Such are the Guard, the Sentinell, the Watch, the Perdu for the Common-wealth. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 69 During this siege, there was taken by the English perdu, a French man [etc.]. 1689 T. Plunket Char. Good Commander 13/1 One night he needs would visit his per-du; For in a Field of Wheat he then had three. d. Any person who acts as a lookout, scout, or spy. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard warda680 wakemanc1175 wardena1250 watchc1380 watchmana1400 outwatch1488 warderc1540 sentinel1579 perdu1639 sentry1650 lookout1662 security man1662 guardman1756 excubitor1775 cockatoo1827 guardsmana1854 dog1870 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxii. 267 Poland..lying constant perdue of Christendome against the Tartarian. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew at Budge Standing Budge, c. The Thieves Scout or Perdu. a1734 R. North Examen (1740) ii. iv. §116. 292 Sir William Waller, the Perdue, was the Discoverer..and, by his Diligence, the Man taken and sent to Newgate. 2. The post of sentinel perdu (see sense A. 1a). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [noun] > watch-post > advanced sentinel1579 perdu1611 1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) ii. sig. F2^v I would you would relieue me; for I am So heauie, that I shall ha' much adoe; To stand out my perdu. 1641 R. Brathwait Astrea's Teares sig. B4 In Zealand, Brabant, where I oft have beene And kept my fixt Perdue. 3. A wicked or degenerate person. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > dissolute conduct > dissolute person > [noun] unthriftc1330 castaway1526 degenerate1555 rakehellc1560 ruffian1560 reprobate1592 rakeshame1598 wag-wanton1601 pavement-beater1611 perdu1611 wantoner1665 profligate1679 rantipole1699 rakehellyc1768 society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > reprobacy > person gracelessc1405 castaway1526 losthope?c1550 reprobate1592 want-grace1603 perdu1611 slack-grace1623 1611 N. T. in T. Coryate Crambe sig. b1 Had they bin worne by a Perdu? 1612 G. Chapman Widdowes Teares ii. sig. D^v Prophane Ruffins, Squires to Bawds, & Strumpets,..Debaucht perdu's. a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady ii. v. 40 in Wks. (1640) III Your common fighting Brothers. Your old Perdu's. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1591
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