penultadj.n.

Brit.

/pᵻˈnʌlt/,

/pɛˈnʌlt/, U.S.

/ˈpiˌnəlt/,

/pəˈnəlt/

Forms: 1500s– penult; Scottish pre-1700 panulte, pre-1700 penault, pre-1700 penelt, pre-1700 pennult, pre-1700 penuld, pre-1700 1700s– penult.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: penultima adj., penultim adj.

Etymology: Apparently shortened < either penultima adj. or penultim adj. (perhaps originally as graphic abbreviation).

A. adj.

Originally Scottish. Last but one in serial order; = penultimate adj.Common in Scotland in the 16th and 17th centuries, mostly with reference to the day of the month (cf. sense B. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > penultimate

penultima1416

penultim1436

penult1490

penultimate1677

1490 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 155/2 Þe penult day of October now Instant.

1539 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1907) VII. 265 For goldin wark tane..be the Kingis grace to geve in New Ȝere giftis, the pennult and last dayis of December.

1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. i. sig. B1^v The penult verse of the chap.

1636 W. Scot Apol. Narr. (1846) 127 Moderator of the penult General Assembly.

1695 R. Sibbald Autobiogr. (1834) 132 I came over the fells to Jedburgh..the penult day of October 1662.

1702 Rules & Constit. Maiden-Hospital 6 Upon the said penult Munday of October yearly.

1762 Ld. Kames Elements Crit. II. xviii. 413 In the penult line the proper place of the musical pause is at the end of the fifth syllable.

1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 160 Lateral appendages of the penult segment..fleshy.

1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. I 76 The penult joint of the eight posterior legs.

1974 V. Nabokov Look at Harlequins (1975) i. vii. 33 On the penult tree trunk of that side somebody had pasted..an incoherent notice.

B. n.

†1. Chiefly Scottish. The penultimate day of a month. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > a month or calendar month > [noun] > specific day of a month

nonesOE

firstc1400

month's day1449

last1528

penultimate1529

third1530

penult1537

penultim1538

month day1546

tenth1580

ninth1589

1537 Ld. Lisle et al. Let. 13 Feb. in State Papers Henry VIII (P.R.O.: SP 1/116) f.24 I receyued your..lettre, beryng date the penult of the last moneth.

1550–1 in A. I. Cameron Sc. Corr. Mary of Lorraine (1927) 345 The panulte of Fabruerij.

a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 144 The Cardinall..caused all Bischoppis..to be convocat to Sanctandrose against the penult of Februare.

a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 352 They came to London the penult of the moneth.

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 133 Vpone Thuirsday the penult of Januar.

1672 Kirkcudbright Town Council Rec. 24 Feb. Till Weddinsday nixt being the ordinar court dyet and penuld instant.

1712 Boston News-let. 28 Jan. 2/2 On the 17th Currant arrived here..the Sloop Dolphin of this place, from Lisbone,..from whence she came Last, having arrived there the Penult of December.

2. Grammar and Prosody. The penultimate syllable of a word.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > syllabic sound > syllable > last syllable but one

penultima1589

penultc1620

penultimate1728

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. ix. §5 The acute [accent]..may possesse the last syllab:..The penult:..The antepenult:..And the fourth also from the end.

1810 H. P. Forster Ess. Princ. Sanskrit Gram. I. ii. 42 The penults of words..may be doubled before any vowel.

1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth Lang. vii. 126 The penult of ‘rædde’ had a long vowel before a doubled consonant.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 112/2 In words of four syllables with a long penult and words of five syllables with a short penult there probably developed a secondary accent..upon the first syllable.

1991 Trans. Philol. Soc. 89 i. 7 In Latin, stress rules, which migrate across each word from right to left, place stress on the antepenultimate syllable if the penult is light.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	penult
释义	penultadj.n. Brit. /pᵻˈnʌlt/, /pɛˈnʌlt/, U.S. /ˈpiˌnəlt/, /pəˈnəlt/ Forms: 1500s– penult; Scottish pre-1700 panulte, pre-1700 penault, pre-1700 penelt, pre-1700 pennult, pre-1700 penuld, pre-1700 1700s– penult. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: penultima adj., penultim adj. Etymology: Apparently shortened < either penultima adj. or penultim adj. (perhaps originally as graphic abbreviation). A. adj. Originally Scottish. Last but one in serial order; = penultimate adj.Common in Scotland in the 16th and 17th centuries, mostly with reference to the day of the month (cf. sense B. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > penultimate penultima1416 penultim1436 penult1490 penultimate1677 1490 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 155/2 Þe penult day of October now Instant. 1539 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1907) VII. 265 For goldin wark tane..be the Kingis grace to geve in New Ȝere giftis, the pennult and last dayis of December. 1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. i. sig. B1^v The penult verse of the chap. 1636 W. Scot Apol. Narr. (1846) 127 Moderator of the penult General Assembly. 1695 R. Sibbald Autobiogr. (1834) 132 I came over the fells to Jedburgh..the penult day of October 1662. 1702 Rules & Constit. Maiden-Hospital 6 Upon the said penult Munday of October yearly. 1762 Ld. Kames Elements Crit. II. xviii. 413 In the penult line the proper place of the musical pause is at the end of the fifth syllable. 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 160 Lateral appendages of the penult segment..fleshy. 1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. I 76 The penult joint of the eight posterior legs. 1974 V. Nabokov Look at Harlequins (1975) i. vii. 33 On the penult tree trunk of that side somebody had pasted..an incoherent notice. B. n. †1. Chiefly Scottish. The penultimate day of a month. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > a month or calendar month > [noun] > specific day of a month nonesOE firstc1400 month's day1449 last1528 penultimate1529 third1530 penult1537 penultim1538 month day1546 tenth1580 ninth1589 1537 Ld. Lisle et al. Let. 13 Feb. in State Papers Henry VIII (P.R.O.: SP 1/116) f.24 I receyued your..lettre, beryng date the penult of the last moneth. 1550–1 in A. I. Cameron Sc. Corr. Mary of Lorraine (1927) 345 The panulte of Fabruerij. a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 144 The Cardinall..caused all Bischoppis..to be convocat to Sanctandrose against the penult of Februare. a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 352 They came to London the penult of the moneth. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 133 Vpone Thuirsday the penult of Januar. 1672 Kirkcudbright Town Council Rec. 24 Feb. Till Weddinsday nixt being the ordinar court dyet and penuld instant. 1712 Boston News-let. 28 Jan. 2/2 On the 17th Currant arrived here..the Sloop Dolphin of this place, from Lisbone,..from whence she came Last, having arrived there the Penult of December. 2. Grammar and Prosody. The penultimate syllable of a word. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > syllabic sound > syllable > last syllable but one penultima1589 penultc1620 penultimate1728 c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. ix. §5 The acute [accent]..may possesse the last syllab:..The penult:..The antepenult:..And the fourth also from the end. 1810 H. P. Forster Ess. Princ. Sanskrit Gram. I. ii. 42 The penults of words..may be doubled before any vowel. 1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth Lang. vii. 126 The penult of ‘rædde’ had a long vowel before a doubled consonant. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 112/2 In words of four syllables with a long penult and words of five syllables with a short penult there probably developed a secondary accent..upon the first syllable. 1991 Trans. Philol. Soc. 89 i. 7 In Latin, stress rules, which migrate across each word from right to left, place stress on the antepenultimate syllable if the penult is light. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1490
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