| 释义 |
peonyn.adj. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin paeōnia; French peonie. Etymology: Originally < classical Latin paeōnia (see below); subsequently reinforced by Anglo-Norman peonie, pionie, pione, pioine and Old French (Picardy) peone, peoine (late 12th cent.; also attested in Old French (Franche-Comté) as pyoinne (second half of the 13th cent.); Middle French, French pivoine , with epenthetic -v- ) < classical Latin paeōnia (Pliny; in post-classical Latin also peonia , 4th cent., pionia , 6th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek παιωνία < ancient Greek Παιών , the name of the physician of the gods, (as common noun) a physician (see paean n.) + -ία -y suffix3; compare ancient Greek παιώνιος healing, medicinal. Compare Old Occitan pionia (14th cent.), Italian peonia (a1327), Spanish peonía (1490), Portuguese peónia (17th cent.).The Old and early Middle English form peoniam (see α. forms) is after the Latin accusative singular. A. n. 1. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > peonies α. OE Glosses to Colloquies of Ælfric Bata (St. John's Oxf. 154) in A. S. Napier (1900) 230/1 Pionia : pionie. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius (Vitell.) (1984) lxvi. 108 Ðeos wyrt ðe man peonian nemneð [?a1200 Harl. 6258B peoniam & oþrum pionia hateð] wæs funden fram Peonio þam ealdre. c1225 Worcester Glosses to Old Eng. Herbarium in (1928) 52 20 [Peonia] Pionia. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 82v He seiþ þat pyany j-bore & j-dronke helpiþ moche. (Harl. 221) 401 Pyony, herbe, idem quod pyanye. ?c1450 in G. Müller (1929) 115 (MED) A souereyn watyr for eyne..Take..þe leef of pyany, [etc.]. 1548 W. Turner sig. E.viijv Peony the female groweth in euery countrey, but I neuer saw the male sauing only in Anwerp. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas i. iii. 98 About an Infants neck hang Peonie, It cures Alcydes cruell maladie. 1610 W. Folkingham i. xi. 38 Dry earth for Peionie, with sand for Paunces. 1706 (new ed.) at Pæonia The Peony or Piony, a Flower, the Roots of which are of great Use in Physick. 1785 W. Cowper i. 35 There might ye see the pioney spread wide, The full-blown rose, the shepherd and his lass. 1813 C. Marshall (ed. 5) xix. 378 Pæony, the single kinds are showy, but the doubles are nobly ornamental. 1867 C. H. Pearson I. 56 It is even possible that to Rome we owe the rose, the lily, and the pæony. 1908 11 June 6/6 The pæony, which is at present among the most fashionable of flowers, was originally esteemed less for its beauty of bloom than for its value as a medicine. 1968 A. Munro in R. Weaver (1968) 289 The flossy bunch of peonies and spiraea dropping petals on the piano was Mis Marsalles's own touch. 2003 Feb. 74/2 The peonies are spent, and the last mock oranges perfume the air. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > yielding condiments or used in food preparation > [noun] 1299 in J. T. Fowler (1899) II. 495 (MED) 3 li. de pyone. c1400 (a1376) W. Langland (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. v. 155 I haue peper & peynye [v.rr. pienye, pyeny, piany, pionye, piane, pyan; pyonis, pyanes, pyouns; c1400 B text piones; v.rr. pionus, pioyne; greynes] & a pound of garlek And a pound of felkene sedis for fastyng dayes. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler (1919) 229 (MED) For þe fallyng euyll, a precyus medcyn: Let make a drynke of a-nyse, masys, and guod pyonyes, [etc.]. a1500 in G. Henslow (1899) 80 (MED) Take sauyne and þe leues of þe þorne and take pyonyse and peper and stampe al to-geder and ȝyf hym so to drynke. the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson 1914 J. Joyce 117 The pallor of Weathers' complexion changed to peony. 1976 7 Dec. 12/3 (advt.) Bathroom suites, cast iron, perspex, pressed steel in avocado, autumn brown, flamenco, turquoise, blue, sepia and peony. 1990 A. Stoddard ii. 92 We are now hooked on the French graph paper of pale lilac gridded squares against pure white, butter yellow, atmosphere blue, mint green and, of course, peony. B. adj.the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > deep red or crimson 1810 III. 48 Mopping their piony cheeks with a handkerchief. 1897 T. Hardy i. v. 40 The beating of the wind and rain and spray had inflamed her cheeks to peony hues. 1925 S. Kaye-Smith i. iii. 48 He thought Emmy, with her round face and peony cheeks, the prettiest woman. 1995 (Nexis) Apr. 8 Pale eyes and peony lips. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. 1869 E. F. Ellet 300 One peony bush bent under the weight of nearly a hundred flowers. 1960 A. C. Scott vii. 126 One red and one white peony bush are placed at opposite corners of the platform. 2003 (Nexis) 28 June 1 It's a cozy-looking place, with a grill on the front porch and peony bushes in the yard. ?a1450 tr. Macer (Stockh.) (1949) 159 (MED) Þis childe was wont for to bere abowte his nekke a pyonye roote. 1548 W. Turner sig. E.viijv Peony roote is hote in the fyrst and dry in the thyrde degree. 1687 (Royal Soc.) 16 298 A receipt to cure Mad Dogs... Agrimony Roots, Primrose Roots, Dragon Roots, Single Peony Roots, [etc.]. 1727 J. Tristram 29 The Male Peony Root..may be added. 1872 June 749/2 An ancient physician highly commends this necklace of the peony root for the cure of epilepsy. 1986 106 58 Peony root was the primary ingredient in a blend..which was used to dispel the ‘poisonous vapors’ of animal viscera. ?a1450 tr. Macer (Stockh.) (1949) 159 Fiftene red cornes of pionie seed drunken in wyn wole stanche þe flux of þe matrice. 1671 J. Sharp v. i. 234 Take twelve Peony seeds powdered in a little Carduus posslet drink. 1776 C. Powys (1899) 160 Then put in..lemon peel, dried single piony seed, and cinnamon, of each six drams. 1888 W. Denton iii. 202 Precautions were taken..to prevent the adulteration of these drinks with peony seed,..and other provocatives to thirst. 1964 17 418 Peony seeds, garlic, or salt might be added [to beer] as a thirst-provoker. b. 1849 P. H. Myers ii. 21 Instead of the fat, dumpy, and peony-faced girl of Harry's imagination, he met an elegant and graceful lady. 1869 A. J. Evans xii. 162 This sloe-eyed, peony-faced girl. 1998 (Nexis) 20 Mar. (Features section) You start out for work in layers of cashmere, only to arrive peony-faced in an unexpected heatwave. 1982 R. Kahn vii. 136 Priscilla Coe was hardly a lyric heroine, the peony-mouthed girl that he (and Hardy) so admired. 1905 15 May 3/3 A pretty hat.., made in soft Manilla straw, in the natural colouring, and trimmed with one large pink peony, in soft satin and chiffon, and folded draperies of Louisine silk ribbon, in peony-pink shot with white. 2002 (Nexis) 27 Sept. 10 Flattering dresses in knockout shades of scarlet, canary yellow and peony pink. 1813 M. Edgeworth 19 Apr. (1971) 21 Her color is less of the peony red than it used to be. 1927 12 Mar. 20 This pretty..frock..comes also in gooseberry green and palmetto green, or in peony red tones. 2003 (Nexis) 11 July 5 Vibrant peony-red and fuschia tie-dye kaftans were slashed to the navel. C2. 1895 28 Aug. 3/5 Rose-flowered, pæony-flowered, and Japanese asters. 1976 W. E. Shewell-Cooper ii. 16 Paeony-flowered Dahlias have blooms with two or more rings of generally flattened ray florets, the centre forming a disc. 2001 Nov.–Dec. 35/1 This is not a separate species but a double- or peony-flowered variation of the annual breadseed poppy. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > yielding condiments or used in food preparation > [noun] > seeds 1796 (new ed.) xxi. 327 Stick the cream with piony kernels. 2000 14 July f13 All parts of the peony plant are now known to be poisonous, so cream flavoured with peony kernels, as given in Mrs. Glasse's Cookery (1796), is no longer recommended. the world > food and drink > drink > decoction > [noun] > of flowers 1678 W. Salmon tr. iv. i. 442/1 Aqua Pœoniæ Composita, Peony water Compound. 1700 W. Salmon (ed. 2) i. i. 15/2 You may give it either alone, or in Black-cherry-water, or Peony Water. 1745 (Royal Soc.) 43 490 I have not only fired..rectified Spirit,..but also sal volatile oleosum,..Peony-water,..and some other Mixtures. Derivatives 1859 A. Gray iv. 124 Garden species, leafy-stemmed..with Peony-like leaves. 1873 H. B. Tristram 401 Leontice leontopetalum.., its spreading yellow spikes and peony-like leaves bursting from among the grass. 1994 Oct. 42/1 Peony-flowered, or double late tulips, with their ruffly, full peony-like heads. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.adj.OE |
