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单词 periosteum
释义

periosteumn.

Brit. /ˌpɛrɪˈɒstɪəm/, U.S. /ˌpɛriˈɑstiəm/
Inflections: Plural periostea, periosteums.
Forms: 1500s periosten, 1500s periosteon, 1500s–1600s periostium, 1600s periostion, 1700s– periosteum.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French periostion; Latin periosteon.
Etymology: < Middle French periostion (1538) and its etymon post-classical Latin periosteon, periosteum (5th cent.; 1737 in sense 2 in the source translated in quot. 1758 at sense 2) < Hellenistic Greek περιόστεον , neuter of περιόστεος (adjective) round the bones < ancient Greek περι- peri- prefix + ὀστέον bone (see osteo- comb. form).
1. Anatomy. A layer of tissue which envelops the bones (except where they are covered by cartilage), consisting of a very dense, fibrous, and highly vascularized outer layer of areolar connective tissue and an inner layer of undifferentiated cells from which the bone substance is produced; the layer of such tissue covering a particular bone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > substance of bones > [noun] > periosteum
periosteum1574
periost1776
mucoperiosteum1903
1574 G. Baker tr. Composition Oleum Magistrale f. 31v And so it is with the Periosten, pericranium and membranes.
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 2/2 That verye tender, and sensible pellicle Periostium [Fr. perioste, Du. poriostium].
1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs 186 Periostion or Coat environing the Scull.
1671 T. Shadwell Humorists v. 62 I fell just upon that part of my Arm, where is a Callous Node upon the Periostium.
1708 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 26 42 The Bone of the Thigh lying wholly bare..and deprived of its Periosteum.
1776 Farmer's Mag. July 139 The bones are..covered with an exquisitely fine..membrane, called the Periosteum.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 433/2 The periosteum is a fibrous membrane of a dull white colour.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 256 The periosteum of the neural canal.
1906 B. P. Colton Physiol. i. ii. 19 Bones are closely covered by a tough coat of connective tissue called the periosteum.
1947 Radiology 49 331/2 Most of this element is deposited in the periosteum.
1992 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 11740/2 Direct injection of TGF-β over the periostea of parietal bones..in newborn rats increases bone formation in vivo.
2. Zoology. = periostracum n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Brachiopoda > [noun] > member of > parts of
periosteum1758
periostracum1833
pallium1834
mantle cavity1853
adjustor1857
jugum1888
protegulum1891
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Mollusca > [noun] > Testacea (shelled molluscs) > shelled mollusc > shell
seashella900
shale1561
buckie1596
caracol1622
valve1661
spire1681
umbilicus1688
conch-shell1697
wart-shell?1711
needle1713
multivalve1753
concha1755
periosteum1758
conch1773
devil's claw1773
furbelow1776
peewit's egg1776
worm-tube1776
rosebud1815
sheath1815
periostracum1833
epicuticle1885
epicuticula1886
leg of mutton1891
trivalve1891
1758 T. Flloyd & J. Hill tr. J. Swammerdam Bk. Nature i. xi. 64/1 The shell of the snail has its particular periosteum [L. periosteo], by which it is covered and inclosed.
1776 E. M. da Costa Elements Conchol. v. 110 The Epidermis or Periosteum..is a rough covering or skin, which many but not all Shells have, only on the outside, never withinside the Shell.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1574
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