peptiden.
/ˈpɛptʌɪd/, U.S. /ˈpɛpˌtaɪd/ Biochemistry.
Any compound in which two or more amino acids are linked together, typically in a linear sequence, the carboxyl group of each acid usually being joined to the amino group of the next.According to the number of amino-acid residues, peptides are classed as dipeptides, tripeptides, etc., oligopeptides, or polypeptides.
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1906 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 90 ii. 293 (heading) The fate of certain amino-acids and peptides in the organism of the dog.
1927 J. B. S. Haldane & J. S. Huxley Animal Biol. iv. 107 We can make..a sugar or peptide (part of a protein molecule) which only differs from the natural variety in that its molecules are related to the natural molecules as a left hand to a right.
1953 J. S. Fruton & S. Simmonds Gen. Biochem. v. 135 Various strains of microorganisms elaborate substances of peptide nature which have antibacterial activity for other microorganisms.
1972 F. M. Menger et al. Org. Chem. xiv. 359 The distinction between proteins and peptides is arbitrary. Compounds which have molecular weights greater than 10,000 are generally referred to as proteins.
1993 N.Y. Times 23 Mar. c3/5 Dr. Patarroyo created a synthetic peptide vaccine by forging three merozoite peptides—or protein segments—and one sporozoite peptide to a carrier molecule.
Compounds
peptide bond n. a carbon–nitrogen bond of the type —CO·NH— in an organic molecule; spec. one linking the amino-acid residues in a peptide chain.
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1932 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 111 289 All the peptidases..unite with the imino-group of the peptide bond which is split.
1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xiii. 252 Many important natural products contain the ‘amide-linkage’ or peptide bond, —CO·NH—.
2003 Knoxville (Tennessee) News-Sentinel (Nexis) 5 May b8 All the amino acids delivered to the ribosome assembly plant are united by what are called peptide bonds.
peptide chain n. a linear sequence of amino-acid residues joined by peptide bonds.
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1915 Science 31 Dec. 952/1 The aromatic amino acids show absorption bands, which may be useful in detecting their presence in peptide chains.
1970 R. W. McGilvery Biochemistry ii. 9 A protein may be only a single, long, peptide chain, but most proteins are made of several peptide chains associated together.
2002 Science (Nexis) 22 Mar. 2205 They're made up of a series of modules, each of which is responsible for adding one particular unit..to a growing peptide chain.
peptide linkage n. = peptide bond n.
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1922 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 93 82 It is..necessary to consider what part the imino-nitrogen of the peptide linkage..could play.
1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xvii. 349 The typical linkage, —CO·NH—, is often called a peptide-linkage or -bond.
2003 Chem. Market Reporter (Nexis) 28 Apr. 4 Phosgene derivatives can be used as temporary protecting groups during the peptide linkage process.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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