perilousadj.adv.

Brit.

/ˈpɛrᵻləs/,

/ˈpɛrl̩əs/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrələs/

Forms: Middle English parayllous, Middle English parellos, Middle English parellouse, Middle English parelous, Middle English parelus, Middle English parillous, Middle English parilous, Middle English peralus, Middle English pereillous, Middle English pereilous, Middle English pereleous, Middle English pereles, Middle English perelles, Middle English perellos, Middle English perellous, Middle English perellus, Middle English perellys, Middle English perelouse, Middle English perelus, Middle English perillius, Middle English perillus, Middle English perilos, Middle English perilose, Middle English perilowse, Middle English periluse, Middle English periolous, Middle English perueylosse (Irish English), Middle English perylouse, Middle English perylus, Middle English–1500s parellous, Middle English–1500s parelouse, Middle English–1500s perelous, Middle English–1500s perilouse, Middle English–1500s peryllous, Middle English–1500s perylous, Middle English–1600s perillous, Middle English– perilous, 1500s pearilous, 1500s perelows, 1500s perileuse, 1500s perolus, 1500s perrillous, 1500s peryllosshe, 1500s peryllouse, 1500s perylos, 1500s–1600s perrilous, 1600s paralous; Scottish pre-1700 peralis, pre-1700 peralous, pre-1700 peralouse, pre-1700 peralows, pre-1700 peralus, pre-1700 perellis, pre-1700 perellous, pre-1700 perellouse, pre-1700 perellus, pre-1700 perelous, pre-1700 perelus, pre-1700 perielous, pre-1700 perillous, pre-1700 perillows, pre-1700 perilouse, pre-1700 perilus, pre-1700 periolus, pre-1700 peroles, pre-1700 perolouse, pre-1700 perolus, pre-1700 perowlus, pre-1700 perralus, pre-1700 perrellous, pre-1700 perrellus, pre-1700 perrelous, pre-1700 perrelus, pre-1700 perrillous, pre-1700 perrolus, pre-1700 perrulus, pre-1700 perualous, pre-1700 perulus, pre-1700 perwollous, pre-1700 perylows, pre-1700 1700s– perilous. See also parlous adj.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French perillus.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perillus, pereillous, perilious, perilius, perilleus, perillous, perilous and Old French perillus (Middle French, French périlleux ) dangerous (1155 in Old French, also as perillous , perilleus ), causing or spreading fear (beginning of the 13th cent. in Picardy as perillos ) < classical Latin perīculōsus periculous adj. Compare parlous adj.With use as adverb compare earlier perilously adv.

A. adj.

a. Dangerous, hazardous, fraught with peril; causing or resulting in danger; risky. In early use also: spiritually dangerous.Formerly used to denote serious danger (of death, damnation, etc.); now frequently used in weakened sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [adjective]

plightlyOE

wothea1300

perilousc1300

wickeda1375

plightfula1400

dreadfulc1400

parlous?a1425

shrewd1482

danger1488

dangerous1490

periculous1533

dangerful1548

dangersome1567

craggy1582

perilsome1593

endangering1601

unsafe1621

imperilous1645

ugly1654

warm1726

neck-break1756

wanchancy1768

uncanny1785

unchancy1786

nasty1828

unhealthy1915

windy1919

c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) 70 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 201 (MED) He nolde lete for no-þing þene perilouse wei to wende.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1191 (MED) Þere þe pres was perelouste, he priked in formest.

?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 3 (MED) Ypocrisie is fully contrarie to crist..and it is comunly þe moste perylous synne of alle.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. xx To conuerse with folke of euylle lyf is a thyng moche peryllous.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ii. 2 [He] achyued many perilous aventures, and dyuers great batelles addressed.

1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxiii This is the parelloust maner of byrth, that is.

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. 547 As the passion of impatience is neither so perilous not of such continuance as other trances.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. ii. 39 You know an enemy intends you harme: You know a sword imployde is perilous .

1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. i. 21 Put to death as a perilous enemy to the Kingdome.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 804 I knew that liberty Would draw thee forth to perilous enterprises, While I at home sate full of cares and fears.

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. ii. 8 Thof he be sometimes thrown into perilous passions and quandaries.

1789 W. Belsham Ess. I. viii. 165 Mr. Locke and his friends are reduced to a most perplexing and perilous dilemma.

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 165 The latter felt they were in a perilous predicament.

1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 2 Marriage is certainly a perilous remedy.

1914 J. Glaister & D. D. Logan Gas Poisoning in Mining viii. 145 It can readily be understood that men are sometimes placed in most perilous positions by being gassed.

1990 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 1 Mar. 27/2 Professor Israel has little use for the brilliant but sometimes perilous schematizations of Fernand Braudel.

2002 Timaru (N.Z.) Herald (Nexis) 20 Apr. (Features section) 16 It was a perilous march and for Eric..it involved numerous forward patrols.

b. Used postpositively. After the Middle English period chiefly poetic. In later use frequently archaic or humorous, in allusion to Malory's Mort D'Arthur (cf. quot. a1470). See also Siege Perilous n. at siege n. 1e.

ΚΠ

a1325 St. Julian (Corpus Cambr.) 82 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 35 Hy come To a dep water perilous.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 280 Whan he com to the Chapell Perelus [Fr. Chapelle Perilleuse]..he sawe by hym there stond a thirty grete knyghtes.

1505 A. Barclay Castell of Laboure l. 887 Thou haste passed a place perilous And thens escaped without damage.

1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes 94 In the season perilous, The lorde will him delyuer.

1610 R. Tofte Honours Academie 95 To fall in daunger perilous.

1639 T. Bancroft Two Bks. Epigrammes & Epit. (title of poem) Prosperity perilous.

1726 J. Thompson Winter 7 Where are..your aerial Magazines reserv'd, Against the Day of Tempest perilous?

1758 W. Dodd Thoughts on Glorious Epiphany 25 That eternal captain, who led on Your souls, thro' opposition perilous.

1842 E. S. Wortley Maiden of Moscow x. xl. 437 His valiant comrades.., who thus Maintained their station perilous, In this extreme distress!

1885 E. Arnold Secret of Death 144 Saladin Set forth upon his journey perilous.

1931 E. A. Robertson Four Frightened People iv. 136 ‘I suppose..professionally..this..would be described as “The Hazardous Picnic”?’.. ‘“Perilous”, not “hazardous”...And invert for emphasis when possible—“The Picnic Perilous”.’

1983 G. Lord Tooth & Claw ii. 11 Others..regarded her as a challenge; a sort of virgin perilous.

2. Causing fear; to be feared or avoided; dreadful, terrible; formidable; = parlous adj. 1. Now archaic or literary.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective]

eislichc888

eyesfulOE

awfulc1175

smarta1200

ferlya1225

sternc1275

grisea1300

uglya1300

dreadfula1325

fell?c1335

stout1338

perilousc1380

terriblec1400

ghastfulc1449

timorous1455

epouventable1477

bedreadc1485

dreadablec1490

dreadc1540

buggisha1555

dreaded1556

monster-like1561

dire1567

scareful1567

terrifying1577

scary1582

direful1583

affrighting1592

dismal1594

affrightful1603

diral1606

tirable1607

frighting1619

scaring1641

affrighteninga1651

formidolous1656

terrific1667

terrifical1677

atrocious1733

terrorful1789

orful1845

lurid1850

terrorsome1890

turble1893

timorsome1894

like the wrath of God1936

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1702 (MED) Þe geant ys..pereillous on ys pray.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 269 Aleyn auyse thee The Millere is a perilous man.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 235 Ye shall fynde in yondir woodys many perellus knyghtes.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxlii. [ccxxxix.] 747 They are the peryloust people of the worlde, and most outragyoust if they be vp.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxix^v When any blusteringe wynde perelous thunder or terrible tempest, chansed.

1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 26^v Instructed how with a malitious mynde and perilous wit, he might runne descant at will.

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 134 With her perilous fingers..shee would not sticke to lay at the face and eyes of other small Children playing together with her.

1669 J. Fletcher Island Princess i. iii, in G. W. Williams Dramatic Wks. (1982) 562 A perilous theefe, and subtle.

1803 R. Southey tr. Amadis of Gaul I. 226 For they were two perilous Knights.

1881 A. C. Swinburne Mary Stuart iv. ii. 146 He had done foul wrong to take no further note, But being made privy to this damned device Keep close its perilous knowledge.

1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist iv. 176 This idea of surrender had a perilous attraction for his mind.

2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 29 Mar. e1 29/1 They captured its [sc. a piece of music's] vehemence and its harshness and gave those qualities a sense of perilous beauty.

†3. Of a day: unlucky, inauspicious. Cf. peril n. 5. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > inauspicious

perilousc1390

unlucky1519

unchancy1533

unhappy1533

infortunate1548

sinistrous?c1550

luckless1584

dismal1588

ominous1589

fatal1590

bad-bodinga1592

disastrous1598

inauspicious1599

black1604

naught1620

inauspicate1632

infaustous1656

infaust1658

ill-omened1685

black boding1743

wanchancy1768

oracular1820

inominous1832

widdershins1926

c1390 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 4423 Thow were ful wel ywarned by thy dremes That thilke day was perilous to thee.

?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 63 (MED) Of all þat ȝere 5 [perh. read 4] daze þer be perellys, þe x and þe xii day, þe xvi day and þe xviii day.

?a1500 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Ld. Montagu of Beaulieu (1900) 1 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 283) XLV. 685 There buthe perilous daies in the yeere..in the whiche daies every man schuld shonys to make matrimonye or bygynne eny longe viage.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum ii. xx. 148/1 Forasmuch as the learned by theyr obseruations, haue written of diuers perilous dayes to happen in euery moneth.

B. adv.

Dangerously, terrifyingly. Chiefly as an intensifier: greatly, excessively, very; = perilously adv. (cf. parlous adv.). Now rare (literary).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly > excessively

cruellyc1385

overa1400

fullc1400

parlouslyc1425

mortalc1440

perilousc1440

spitefulc1450

devilish1560

pestilently1567

spitefully1567

cruel1573

parlous1575

deadly1589

intolerable?1593

fellc1600

perditlya1632

excessively1634

devilishly1635

desperate1636

woundya1639

woundlya1644

desperately1653

wicked1663

killing1672

woundily1706

wounded1753

mortally1759

dreadful1762

intolerably1768

perishing1776

tremendously1776

terrifically1777

diabolically1792

woundedly1794

thundering1809

all-firedly1833

preponderously1835

painfully1839

deadlilya1843

severely1854

furiously1856

diabolish1858

fiendish1861

demonish1867

sinfully1869

fiendishly1879

thunderingly1885

only too1889

nightmarishly1891

God almighty1906

Christ almighty1945

c1440 (c1390) G. Chaucer Melibeus (Rosenbach 1084/1) (1940) §2205 Perelous [v.rr. perilouse, perlouse; greuously; c1405 Hengwrt al be it so þat she perilously be wounded, we shullen do so ententif bisynesse..þat..she shal be hool & sound as soone as is possible].

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 669 Whan sir Dynadan saw a maner of a damesell, he dradde perellys lest hit sholde be sir Launcelot disgysed.

1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Heautontimoroumenos iii. iii, in Terence in Eng. 230 This is a perilous naughtie queane.

1807 C. T. Smith Beachy Head with other Poems 108 The loose cliff, where Gannets..scarce suspended, in the air Hang perilous.

1832 A. Cunningham Maid of Elvar v. 79 A spoil won perilous from an archer's back.

1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. xii. 259 How now, Lovel? You look perilous grim.

1924 D. H. Lawrence England, my England 233 The place was crowded and hot, the plates of tomatoes balanced perilous on the gallery front.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	perilous
释义	perilousadj.adv. Brit. /ˈpɛrᵻləs/, /ˈpɛrl̩əs/, U.S. /ˈpɛrələs/ Forms: Middle English parayllous, Middle English parellos, Middle English parellouse, Middle English parelous, Middle English parelus, Middle English parillous, Middle English parilous, Middle English peralus, Middle English pereillous, Middle English pereilous, Middle English pereleous, Middle English pereles, Middle English perelles, Middle English perellos, Middle English perellous, Middle English perellus, Middle English perellys, Middle English perelouse, Middle English perelus, Middle English perillius, Middle English perillus, Middle English perilos, Middle English perilose, Middle English perilowse, Middle English periluse, Middle English periolous, Middle English perueylosse (Irish English), Middle English perylouse, Middle English perylus, Middle English–1500s parellous, Middle English–1500s parelouse, Middle English–1500s perelous, Middle English–1500s perilouse, Middle English–1500s peryllous, Middle English–1500s perylous, Middle English–1600s perillous, Middle English– perilous, 1500s pearilous, 1500s perelows, 1500s perileuse, 1500s perolus, 1500s perrillous, 1500s peryllosshe, 1500s peryllouse, 1500s perylos, 1500s–1600s perrilous, 1600s paralous; Scottish pre-1700 peralis, pre-1700 peralous, pre-1700 peralouse, pre-1700 peralows, pre-1700 peralus, pre-1700 perellis, pre-1700 perellous, pre-1700 perellouse, pre-1700 perellus, pre-1700 perelous, pre-1700 perelus, pre-1700 perielous, pre-1700 perillous, pre-1700 perillows, pre-1700 perilouse, pre-1700 perilus, pre-1700 periolus, pre-1700 peroles, pre-1700 perolouse, pre-1700 perolus, pre-1700 perowlus, pre-1700 perralus, pre-1700 perrellous, pre-1700 perrellus, pre-1700 perrelous, pre-1700 perrelus, pre-1700 perrillous, pre-1700 perrolus, pre-1700 perrulus, pre-1700 perualous, pre-1700 perulus, pre-1700 perwollous, pre-1700 perylows, pre-1700 1700s– perilous. See also parlous adj. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French perillus. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perillus, pereillous, perilious, perilius, perilleus, perillous, perilous and Old French perillus (Middle French, French périlleux ) dangerous (1155 in Old French, also as perillous , perilleus ), causing or spreading fear (beginning of the 13th cent. in Picardy as perillos ) < classical Latin perīculōsus periculous adj. Compare parlous adj.With use as adverb compare earlier perilously adv. A. adj. 1. a. Dangerous, hazardous, fraught with peril; causing or resulting in danger; risky. In early use also: spiritually dangerous.Formerly used to denote serious danger (of death, damnation, etc.); now frequently used in weakened sense. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [adjective] plightlyOE wothea1300 perilousc1300 wickeda1375 plightfula1400 dreadfulc1400 parlous?a1425 shrewd1482 danger1488 dangerous1490 periculous1533 dangerful1548 dangersome1567 craggy1582 perilsome1593 endangering1601 unsafe1621 imperilous1645 ugly1654 warm1726 neck-break1756 wanchancy1768 uncanny1785 unchancy1786 nasty1828 unhealthy1915 windy1919 c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) 70 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 201 (MED) He nolde lete for no-þing þene perilouse wei to wende. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1191 (MED) Þere þe pres was perelouste, he priked in formest. ?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 3 (MED) Ypocrisie is fully contrarie to crist..and it is comunly þe moste perylous synne of alle. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. xx To conuerse with folke of euylle lyf is a thyng moche peryllous. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ii. 2 [He] achyued many perilous aventures, and dyuers great batelles addressed. 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxiii This is the parelloust maner of byrth, that is. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. 547 As the passion of impatience is neither so perilous not of such continuance as other trances. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. ii. 39 You know an enemy intends you harme: You know a sword imployde is perilous . View more context for this quotation 1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. i. 21 Put to death as a perilous enemy to the Kingdome. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 804 I knew that liberty Would draw thee forth to perilous enterprises, While I at home sate full of cares and fears. View more context for this quotation 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. ii. 8 Thof he be sometimes thrown into perilous passions and quandaries. 1789 W. Belsham Ess. I. viii. 165 Mr. Locke and his friends are reduced to a most perplexing and perilous dilemma. 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 165 The latter felt they were in a perilous predicament. 1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 2 Marriage is certainly a perilous remedy. 1914 J. Glaister & D. D. Logan Gas Poisoning in Mining viii. 145 It can readily be understood that men are sometimes placed in most perilous positions by being gassed. 1990 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 1 Mar. 27/2 Professor Israel has little use for the brilliant but sometimes perilous schematizations of Fernand Braudel. 2002 Timaru (N.Z.) Herald (Nexis) 20 Apr. (Features section) 16 It was a perilous march and for Eric..it involved numerous forward patrols. b. Used postpositively. After the Middle English period chiefly poetic. In later use frequently archaic or humorous, in allusion to Malory's Mort D'Arthur (cf. quot. a1470). See also Siege Perilous n. at siege n. 1e. ΚΠ a1325 St. Julian (Corpus Cambr.) 82 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 35 Hy come To a dep water perilous. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 280 Whan he com to the Chapell Perelus [Fr. Chapelle Perilleuse]..he sawe by hym there stond a thirty grete knyghtes. 1505 A. Barclay Castell of Laboure l. 887 Thou haste passed a place perilous And thens escaped without damage. 1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes 94 In the season perilous, The lorde will him delyuer. 1610 R. Tofte Honours Academie 95 To fall in daunger perilous. 1639 T. Bancroft Two Bks. Epigrammes & Epit. (title of poem) Prosperity perilous. 1726 J. Thompson Winter 7 Where are..your aerial Magazines reserv'd, Against the Day of Tempest perilous? 1758 W. Dodd Thoughts on Glorious Epiphany 25 That eternal captain, who led on Your souls, thro' opposition perilous. 1842 E. S. Wortley Maiden of Moscow x. xl. 437 His valiant comrades.., who thus Maintained their station perilous, In this extreme distress! 1885 E. Arnold Secret of Death 144 Saladin Set forth upon his journey perilous. 1931 E. A. Robertson Four Frightened People iv. 136 ‘I suppose..professionally..this..would be described as “The Hazardous Picnic”?’.. ‘“Perilous”, not “hazardous”...And invert for emphasis when possible—“The Picnic Perilous”.’ 1983 G. Lord Tooth & Claw ii. 11 Others..regarded her as a challenge; a sort of virgin perilous. 2. Causing fear; to be feared or avoided; dreadful, terrible; formidable; = parlous adj. 1. Now archaic or literary. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] eislichc888 eyesfulOE awfulc1175 smarta1200 ferlya1225 sternc1275 grisea1300 uglya1300 dreadfula1325 fell?c1335 stout1338 perilousc1380 terriblec1400 ghastfulc1449 timorous1455 epouventable1477 bedreadc1485 dreadablec1490 dreadc1540 buggisha1555 dreaded1556 monster-like1561 dire1567 scareful1567 terrifying1577 scary1582 direful1583 affrighting1592 dismal1594 affrightful1603 diral1606 tirable1607 frighting1619 scaring1641 affrighteninga1651 formidolous1656 terrific1667 terrifical1677 atrocious1733 terrorful1789 orful1845 lurid1850 terrorsome1890 turble1893 timorsome1894 like the wrath of God1936 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1702 (MED) Þe geant ys..pereillous on ys pray. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 269 Aleyn auyse thee The Millere is a perilous man. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 235 Ye shall fynde in yondir woodys many perellus knyghtes. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxlii. [ccxxxix.] 747 They are the peryloust people of the worlde, and most outragyoust if they be vp. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxix^v When any blusteringe wynde perelous thunder or terrible tempest, chansed. 1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 26^v Instructed how with a malitious mynde and perilous wit, he might runne descant at will. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 134 With her perilous fingers..shee would not sticke to lay at the face and eyes of other small Children playing together with her. 1669 J. Fletcher Island Princess i. iii, in G. W. Williams Dramatic Wks. (1982) 562 A perilous theefe, and subtle. 1803 R. Southey tr. Amadis of Gaul I. 226 For they were two perilous Knights. 1881 A. C. Swinburne Mary Stuart iv. ii. 146 He had done foul wrong to take no further note, But being made privy to this damned device Keep close its perilous knowledge. 1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist iv. 176 This idea of surrender had a perilous attraction for his mind. 2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 29 Mar. e1 29/1 They captured its [sc. a piece of music's] vehemence and its harshness and gave those qualities a sense of perilous beauty. †3. Of a day: unlucky, inauspicious. Cf. peril n. 5. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > inauspicious perilousc1390 unlucky1519 unchancy1533 unhappy1533 infortunate1548 sinistrous?c1550 luckless1584 dismal1588 ominous1589 fatal1590 bad-bodinga1592 disastrous1598 inauspicious1599 black1604 naught1620 inauspicate1632 infaustous1656 infaust1658 ill-omened1685 black boding1743 wanchancy1768 oracular1820 inominous1832 widdershins1926 c1390 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 4423 Thow were ful wel ywarned by thy dremes That thilke day was perilous to thee. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 63 (MED) Of all þat ȝere 5 [perh. read 4] daze þer be perellys, þe x and þe xii day, þe xvi day and þe xviii day. ?a1500 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Ld. Montagu of Beaulieu (1900) 1 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 283) XLV. 685 There buthe perilous daies in the yeere..in the whiche daies every man schuld shonys to make matrimonye or bygynne eny longe viage. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum ii. xx. 148/1 Forasmuch as the learned by theyr obseruations, haue written of diuers perilous dayes to happen in euery moneth. B. adv. Dangerously, terrifyingly. Chiefly as an intensifier: greatly, excessively, very; = perilously adv. (cf. parlous adv.). Now rare (literary). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly > excessively cruellyc1385 overa1400 fullc1400 parlouslyc1425 mortalc1440 perilousc1440 spitefulc1450 devilish1560 pestilently1567 spitefully1567 cruel1573 parlous1575 deadly1589 intolerable?1593 fellc1600 perditlya1632 excessively1634 devilishly1635 desperate1636 woundya1639 woundlya1644 desperately1653 wicked1663 killing1672 woundily1706 wounded1753 mortally1759 dreadful1762 intolerably1768 perishing1776 tremendously1776 terrifically1777 diabolically1792 woundedly1794 thundering1809 all-firedly1833 preponderously1835 painfully1839 deadlilya1843 severely1854 furiously1856 diabolish1858 fiendish1861 demonish1867 sinfully1869 fiendishly1879 thunderingly1885 only too1889 nightmarishly1891 God almighty1906 Christ almighty1945 c1440 (c1390) G. Chaucer Melibeus (Rosenbach 1084/1) (1940) §2205 Perelous [v.rr. perilouse, perlouse; greuously; c1405 Hengwrt al be it so þat she perilously be wounded, we shullen do so ententif bisynesse..þat..she shal be hool & sound as soone as is possible]. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 669 Whan sir Dynadan saw a maner of a damesell, he dradde perellys lest hit sholde be sir Launcelot disgysed. 1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Heautontimoroumenos iii. iii, in Terence in Eng. 230 This is a perilous naughtie queane. 1807 C. T. Smith Beachy Head with other Poems 108 The loose cliff, where Gannets..scarce suspended, in the air Hang perilous. 1832 A. Cunningham Maid of Elvar v. 79 A spoil won perilous from an archer's back. 1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. xii. 259 How now, Lovel? You look perilous grim. 1924 D. H. Lawrence England, my England 233 The place was crowded and hot, the plates of tomatoes balanced perilous on the gallery front. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.adv.c1300
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