peritrichousadj.

Brit.

/pᵻˈrɪtrᵻkəs/, U.S.

/pəˈrɪtrəkəs/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: peri- prefix, -trichous comb. form.

Etymology: < peri- prefix + -trichous comb. form. In sense 1 after scientific Latin Peritricha (F. Stein Organismus der Infusionsthiere (1859) I. 72; also German peritrich , adjective (F. Stein 1859, in Abhandlungen d. Königlichen Böhmischen Gesellschaft d. Wissenschaften 10 62, from the ‘Berichte’ for 19 Oct. 1857)). In sense 2 after scientific Latin Peritricha (A. Messea 1890, in Rivista d'igiene e sanità pubblica 1 525) and German peritrich, adjective (1897 in the passage translated in quot. 1900 at sense 2). Compare earlier polytrichous adj. at poly- comb. form 1 and also, especially with sense 1, holotrichous adj. at holo- comb. form .

1. Zoology. Of a ciliate: having the cilia confined to a spiral band around the oral opening; belonging to the subclass or order Peritricha. Also: designating such an arrangement of cilia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > class Infusoria > subclass Ciliata > [adjective] > belonging to Peritrichida

peritrichous1877

peritrichan1888

peritrich1974

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals ii. 109 The process of sexual reproduction observed by Stein in the peritrichous Infusoria.

1940 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 6) I. ii. 92 This leads us to the peritrichous type of ciliation [of ciliates].

1963 H. A. Hawkes Ecol. Waste Water Treatm. ii. 70 A fauna dominated by rhizopods and flagellates is replaced first by the free-swimming ciliates and later by the attached peritrichous forms as the sludge becomes more efficient.

2001 Jrnl. Invertebr. Zool. 77 269 Heavy gill infestations by bacteria (70%), peritrichous ciliates..and motile protozoans resulted in..physiological changes in crabs from the polluted site.

2. Bacteriology. Of a bacterium: having flagella over the whole body surface. Also: designating such flagella.

ΚΠ

1900 A. C. Jones tr. A. Fischer Struct. & Functions Bacteria ii. 15 The peritrichous forms have their whole surface beset with cilia more or less thickly arranged, so that they appear almost as though they had a shaggy coat.

1925 Soil Sci. 20 100 The data that have been reported seem to justify the later conclusion of Hansen, that the legume bacteria are of two types, viz: peritrichous and monotrichous.

1959 K. A. Bisset in W. B. Turrill Vistas in Bot. 319 The typical ‘coliform’ bacteria are similar to pseudomonads but with a relatively small number of peritrichous flagella.

1973 R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. iii. 33/1 Three general patterns occur: polar (one polar flagellum), lophotrichous (several polar flagella), and peritrichous.

2002 Infection & Immunity 70 6534 Streptococcus parasanguis, a primary colonizer of the tooth surface, has long, peritrichous fimbriae.

Derivatives

peˈritrichously adv. in the manner of a peritrichous organism (chiefly with reference to bacterial flagella).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > class Infusoria > subclass Ciliata > [adverb] > with a girdle of cilia

peritrichously1900

1900 Nature 13 Sept. 465/2 Both are actively motile and peritrichously ciliated.

1952 K. A. Bisset Bacteria iii. 8 When peritrichously flagellate bacteria swim freely their flagella may become twisted into a single strand, at the pole of the cell.

1959 K. A. Bisset in W. B. Turrill Vistas in Bot. 316 A progressive adaptation from an aquatic to a terrestrial existence, culminating in such an organism as Proteus, which possesses hundreds of flagella, peritrichously arranged.

1995 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 177 1595 Lateral flagella are arranged peritrichously.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peritrichous
释义	peritrichousadj. Brit. /pᵻˈrɪtrᵻkəs/, U.S. /pəˈrɪtrəkəs/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: peri- prefix, -trichous comb. form. Etymology: < peri- prefix + -trichous comb. form. In sense 1 after scientific Latin Peritricha (F. Stein Organismus der Infusionsthiere (1859) I. 72; also German peritrich , adjective (F. Stein 1859, in Abhandlungen d. Königlichen Böhmischen Gesellschaft d. Wissenschaften 10 62, from the ‘Berichte’ for 19 Oct. 1857)). In sense 2 after scientific Latin Peritricha (A. Messea 1890, in Rivista d'igiene e sanità pubblica 1 525) and German peritrich, adjective (1897 in the passage translated in quot. 1900 at sense 2). Compare earlier polytrichous adj. at poly- comb. form 1 and also, especially with sense 1, holotrichous adj. at holo- comb. form . 1. Zoology. Of a ciliate: having the cilia confined to a spiral band around the oral opening; belonging to the subclass or order Peritricha. Also: designating such an arrangement of cilia. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > class Infusoria > subclass Ciliata > [adjective] > belonging to Peritrichida peritrichous1877 peritrichan1888 peritrich1974 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals ii. 109 The process of sexual reproduction observed by Stein in the peritrichous Infusoria. 1940 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 6) I. ii. 92 This leads us to the peritrichous type of ciliation [of ciliates]. 1963 H. A. Hawkes Ecol. Waste Water Treatm. ii. 70 A fauna dominated by rhizopods and flagellates is replaced first by the free-swimming ciliates and later by the attached peritrichous forms as the sludge becomes more efficient. 2001 Jrnl. Invertebr. Zool. 77 269 Heavy gill infestations by bacteria (70%), peritrichous ciliates..and motile protozoans resulted in..physiological changes in crabs from the polluted site. 2. Bacteriology. Of a bacterium: having flagella over the whole body surface. Also: designating such flagella. ΚΠ 1900 A. C. Jones tr. A. Fischer Struct. & Functions Bacteria ii. 15 The peritrichous forms have their whole surface beset with cilia more or less thickly arranged, so that they appear almost as though they had a shaggy coat. 1925 Soil Sci. 20 100 The data that have been reported seem to justify the later conclusion of Hansen, that the legume bacteria are of two types, viz: peritrichous and monotrichous. 1959 K. A. Bisset in W. B. Turrill Vistas in Bot. 319 The typical ‘coliform’ bacteria are similar to pseudomonads but with a relatively small number of peritrichous flagella. 1973 R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. iii. 33/1 Three general patterns occur: polar (one polar flagellum), lophotrichous (several polar flagella), and peritrichous. 2002 Infection & Immunity 70 6534 Streptococcus parasanguis, a primary colonizer of the tooth surface, has long, peritrichous fimbriae. Derivatives peˈritrichously adv. in the manner of a peritrichous organism (chiefly with reference to bacterial flagella). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > class Infusoria > subclass Ciliata > [adverb] > with a girdle of cilia peritrichously1900 1900 Nature 13 Sept. 465/2 Both are actively motile and peritrichously ciliated. 1952 K. A. Bisset Bacteria iii. 8 When peritrichously flagellate bacteria swim freely their flagella may become twisted into a single strand, at the pole of the cell. 1959 K. A. Bisset in W. B. Turrill Vistas in Bot. 316 A progressive adaptation from an aquatic to a terrestrial existence, culminating in such an organism as Proteus, which possesses hundreds of flagella, peritrichously arranged. 1995 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 177 1595 Lateral flagella are arranged peritrichously. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1877
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