petardn.

Brit.

/pᵻˈtɑːd/, U.S.

/pəˈtɑrd/

Forms: 1500s– petard, 1600s patar, 1600s petarde, 1600s petarh, 1600s petarr, 1600s petarra, 1600s petarre, 1600s pettar, 1600s pettard, 1600s pittar, 1600s petrard (transmission error), 1600s 1800s petar; Scottish pre-1700 petar, pre-1700 pettarat, pre-1700 pettor, pre-1700 pitard, pre-1700 pittairt, pre-1700 pittard, pre-1700 pittart.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French petard.

Etymology: < Middle French petard (French pétard ) explosive for clearing an obstacle (1495 as petart ), small firework which makes a loud bang (1584) < pet pet n.¹ + -ard -ard suffix. Compare Old Occitan petart (1498), Italian petardo (1601), Spanish †petar (1595), petardo (1611 or earlier).

a. A small bomb made of a metal or wooden box filled with powder, used to blow in a door, gate, etc., or to make a hole in a wall. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > explosive device > [noun] > land-mine

petard1566

powder minea1639

fougade1643

bomb-chest1704

caisson1704

globe of compression1771

torpedo1786

fougasse1832

stifler1836

landmine1875

observation mine1886

egg1917

1566 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1970) XII. 407 For twelf dosone of fusees..and half ane hundreth pettaratis, the poulder fourneist to him.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A squib or petard of gun powder vsed to burst vp gates or doores with.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 185 + 6 For tis the sport to haue the enginer Hoist with his owne petar.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 511 The noblemen, with a pittard brake up the utter gate of the Castle of Edinburgh.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon Table Montereau Faut-Yonne taken by Petarr.

1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 120 By the help of a Petard we broke open the Gate.

a1798 T. Pennant Tour on Continent (1948) 62 In the arsenal..the very petard ready charged which was fastened to one of the gates to burst it open.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 322 A third had defended his old house till Fairfax had blown in the door with a petard.

1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson Zero's Tale of Explosive Bomb in More New Arabian Nights 120 I set our little petard for half an hour.

1965 C. D. Eby Siege of Alcázar (1966) ix. 174 The enemy slingers lobbed petards against the iron and carriage gates.

1992 Times 22 Dec. 15/3 Thus the humble petard—immortalised in Hamlet's memorable phrase, but long since discarded by modern armies—came into its own again during the Normandy landings.

b. A kind of firework that explodes with a sharp report; a cracker. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > firework > [noun] > cracker or squib

squib1534

crackera1592

breaker1630

serpent1634

fizgig1647

firecracker1650

petard1668

reporter1688

riprap1709

swarmer1740

mine1769

India cracker1780

throwdown1877

whizz-bang1881

flip-flap1885

snake1891

thunderflash1943

banger1959

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Petard, as Petart; also, a Squib.]

1668 J. White Rich Cabinet (ed. 4) 111 Standing launces are commonly made with hollow wood, to contain sundry petards or rockets.

1884 St. James's Gaz. 25 July 4/2 Fusees, petards, and crackers, fired off unintermittingly..form an indispensable accompaniment of a festive occasion in China.

1936 Times 16 Apr. 11/3 The inebriated culprit of yesterday's firework display.., when asked his motive for throwing the petard.

2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Feb. 20 I..had spent a lot of time during the holidays blowing up Airfix models and apples with petards.

2. figurative. See also hoist with his own petard at hoise v. 2b.

ΚΠ

1631 B. Jonson New Inne ii. vi. p. iv Tip. Heare him problematize. Pr. Blesse vs, what's that? Tip. Or syllogize, elenchize. Lad. Sure, petard's, To blow vs vp. Lat. Some inginious strong words!

1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat i. i. sig. B^v Give but fire To this petarde, it shall blow open Madam The iron doores of a judge.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. ii. 364 His very name being a Petrard to make all the city-gates fly open.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 43 Eternal Noise, and Scolding, The Conjugal Petard, that tears Down all Portcullices of Ears.

1878 R. L. Stevenson Inland Voy. 133 I never saw such a petard of a man.

1960 J. W. Bellah Sergeant Rutledge vi. 25 Fort Linton was a squibbing petard by the time the remount train pulled into Fort Station.

2002 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) (Nexis) 10 Nov. (Arts section) 12 The books are the bound arsenals of the mortars, petards and potshots they fire off week after week in the interests of stimulating public debate.

†3. A variety of loaded die. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > cheating

cogc1555

coggingc1555

slura1643

knapa1658

topping1663

petard1664

prick-penny1664

knapping1671

palming1671

gammoning1700

top1709

eclipse1711

peep1711

waxing1726

sightingc1752

1664 J. Wilson Cheats iv. i. 46 Did not I..teach you..the use of Up-hills, Down-hills, and Petarrs?.. And generally, instructed you from Prick-penny, to Long Lawrence?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

petardv.

Brit.

/pᵻˈtɑːd/, U.S.

/pəˈtɑrd/

Forms: 1600s petar, 1600s petarde, 1600s petarr, 1600s petarre, 1600s pettard, 1700s 1900s– petard.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pétarder.

Etymology: < French pétarder (c1590 in Middle French) < pétard petard n.

Now archaic and rare.

transitive. To blow open, or make a hole in, with a petard; to attack with a petard or petards. Also figurative. Now archaic and rare (only in allusion to hoist with his own petard: see hoise v. 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [verb (intransitive)] > of fireworks

petard1603

squib1886

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use of mines and explosives > use mines and explosives [verb (transitive)] > mine > blow up with petard

petard1603

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. lvi. 176 To scale a Castle,..to Pettard a gate.

1621 Knolles's Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 3) 1307 They resolued to petarde the castle.

1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick Ep. Ded. sig. a6^v The prayers of the Saints ascending with you, will Petarr your entrances through heavens Portcullis.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon ii. v. 201 To Petarre one of the Gates of the City.

1759 tr. G. Le Blond Mil. Engineer I. 10 There is no possibility of petarding a gate, but by stealing to it slily.

1782 J. Callander Mil. Maxims 139 I petarded the gate, though I was discovered.

1946 Sat. Rev. Lit. (U.S.) 19 Oct. 25/3 Petarded on his own cliché And violently hurled, Should be the Joe whose one bon mot Is ‘It's out of this world!’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	petard
释义	petardn. Brit. /pᵻˈtɑːd/, U.S. /pəˈtɑrd/ Forms: 1500s– petard, 1600s patar, 1600s petarde, 1600s petarh, 1600s petarr, 1600s petarra, 1600s petarre, 1600s pettar, 1600s pettard, 1600s pittar, 1600s petrard (transmission error), 1600s 1800s petar; Scottish pre-1700 petar, pre-1700 pettarat, pre-1700 pettor, pre-1700 pitard, pre-1700 pittairt, pre-1700 pittard, pre-1700 pittart. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French petard. Etymology: < Middle French petard (French pétard ) explosive for clearing an obstacle (1495 as petart ), small firework which makes a loud bang (1584) < pet pet n.¹ + -ard -ard suffix. Compare Old Occitan petart (1498), Italian petardo (1601), Spanish †petar (1595), petardo (1611 or earlier). 1. a. A small bomb made of a metal or wooden box filled with powder, used to blow in a door, gate, etc., or to make a hole in a wall. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > explosive device > [noun] > land-mine petard1566 powder minea1639 fougade1643 bomb-chest1704 caisson1704 globe of compression1771 torpedo1786 fougasse1832 stifler1836 landmine1875 observation mine1886 egg1917 1566 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1970) XII. 407 For twelf dosone of fusees..and half ane hundreth pettaratis, the poulder fourneist to him. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A squib or petard of gun powder vsed to burst vp gates or doores with. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 185 + 6 For tis the sport to haue the enginer Hoist with his owne petar. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 511 The noblemen, with a pittard brake up the utter gate of the Castle of Edinburgh. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon Table Montereau Faut-Yonne taken by Petarr. 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 120 By the help of a Petard we broke open the Gate. a1798 T. Pennant Tour on Continent (1948) 62 In the arsenal..the very petard ready charged which was fastened to one of the gates to burst it open. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 322 A third had defended his old house till Fairfax had blown in the door with a petard. 1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson Zero's Tale of Explosive Bomb in More New Arabian Nights 120 I set our little petard for half an hour. 1965 C. D. Eby Siege of Alcázar (1966) ix. 174 The enemy slingers lobbed petards against the iron and carriage gates. 1992 Times 22 Dec. 15/3 Thus the humble petard—immortalised in Hamlet's memorable phrase, but long since discarded by modern armies—came into its own again during the Normandy landings. b. A kind of firework that explodes with a sharp report; a cracker. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > firework > [noun] > cracker or squib squib1534 crackera1592 breaker1630 serpent1634 fizgig1647 firecracker1650 petard1668 reporter1688 riprap1709 swarmer1740 mine1769 India cracker1780 throwdown1877 whizz-bang1881 flip-flap1885 snake1891 thunderflash1943 banger1959 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Petard, as Petart; also, a Squib.] 1668 J. White Rich Cabinet (ed. 4) 111 Standing launces are commonly made with hollow wood, to contain sundry petards or rockets. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 25 July 4/2 Fusees, petards, and crackers, fired off unintermittingly..form an indispensable accompaniment of a festive occasion in China. 1936 Times 16 Apr. 11/3 The inebriated culprit of yesterday's firework display.., when asked his motive for throwing the petard. 2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Feb. 20 I..had spent a lot of time during the holidays blowing up Airfix models and apples with petards. 2. figurative. See also hoist with his own petard at hoise v. 2b. ΚΠ 1631 B. Jonson New Inne ii. vi. p. iv Tip. Heare him problematize. Pr. Blesse vs, what's that? Tip. Or syllogize, elenchize. Lad. Sure, petard's, To blow vs vp. Lat. Some inginious strong words! 1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat i. i. sig. B^v Give but fire To this petarde, it shall blow open Madam The iron doores of a judge. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. ii. 364 His very name being a Petrard to make all the city-gates fly open. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 43 Eternal Noise, and Scolding, The Conjugal Petard, that tears Down all Portcullices of Ears. 1878 R. L. Stevenson Inland Voy. 133 I never saw such a petard of a man. 1960 J. W. Bellah Sergeant Rutledge vi. 25 Fort Linton was a squibbing petard by the time the remount train pulled into Fort Station. 2002 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) (Nexis) 10 Nov. (Arts section) 12 The books are the bound arsenals of the mortars, petards and potshots they fire off week after week in the interests of stimulating public debate. †3. A variety of loaded die. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > cheating cogc1555 coggingc1555 slura1643 knapa1658 topping1663 petard1664 prick-penny1664 knapping1671 palming1671 gammoning1700 top1709 eclipse1711 peep1711 waxing1726 sightingc1752 1664 J. Wilson Cheats iv. i. 46 Did not I..teach you..the use of Up-hills, Down-hills, and Petarrs?.. And generally, instructed you from Prick-penny, to Long Lawrence? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). petardv. Brit. /pᵻˈtɑːd/, U.S. /pəˈtɑrd/ Forms: 1600s petar, 1600s petarde, 1600s petarr, 1600s petarre, 1600s pettard, 1700s 1900s– petard. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pétarder. Etymology: < French pétarder (c1590 in Middle French) < pétard petard n. Now archaic and rare. transitive. To blow open, or make a hole in, with a petard; to attack with a petard or petards. Also figurative. Now archaic and rare (only in allusion to hoist with his own petard: see hoise v. 2b). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [verb (intransitive)] > of fireworks petard1603 squib1886 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use of mines and explosives > use mines and explosives [verb (transitive)] > mine > blow up with petard petard1603 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. lvi. 176 To scale a Castle,..to Pettard a gate. 1621 Knolles's Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 3) 1307 They resolued to petarde the castle. 1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick Ep. Ded. sig. a6^v The prayers of the Saints ascending with you, will Petarr your entrances through heavens Portcullis. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon ii. v. 201 To Petarre one of the Gates of the City. 1759 tr. G. Le Blond Mil. Engineer I. 10 There is no possibility of petarding a gate, but by stealing to it slily. 1782 J. Callander Mil. Maxims 139 I petarded the gate, though I was discovered. 1946 Sat. Rev. Lit. (U.S.) 19 Oct. 25/3 Petarded on his own cliché And violently hurled, Should be the Joe whose one bon mot Is ‘It's out of this world!’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1566v.1603
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