petit bourgeoisn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌpɛtɪ ˈbʊəʒwɑː/,

/ˌpɛtɪ ˈbɔːʒwɑː/, U.S.

/ˈˌpɛdi bʊrˈʒwɑ/,

/pəˌti(t) bʊrˈʒwɑ/; see also petit adj. and n.

Inflections: Plural petits bourgeois;

Forms: 1800s– petit bourgeois, 1900s– petite bourgeois (irregular).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French petit bourgeois.

Etymology: < French petit bourgeois, noun (1654–5 or earlier; use as adjective is not paralleled in French until the early 20th cent.) < petit (see petit adj.) + bourgeois bourgeois n.¹ Compare slightly earlier petite bourgeoise n. and later petty bourgeois n. With use as adjective compare slightly earlier petty bourgeois adj.Attested earlier in the speech of a fictional Frenchman:1795 J. O'Keeffe Life's Vagaries iii. ii. 50 ‘I, as a magistrate, have to send this young dog to prison.’..‘Magistrate! fi donc! petit bourgeois—you huff abaut pah!’

A. n.

A member of the lower-middle or commercial classes in a society; (also, with the) such people considered collective. By extension: (frequently derogatory) a person judged to have conventional or conservative political and social attitudes. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [noun] > middle class or bourgeoisie > person

bourgeois1704

gigman1830

haut bourgeois1846

petit bourgeois1851

petty bourgeois1871

middle-classer1886

middle-middle1926

Middletowner1937

middle1955

bourgie1966

1851 New Monthly Mag. May 67 Hatred against the rich..; hatred against the petit bourgeois.

1859 M. Arnold Eng. & Ital. Question iii. 16 How indignant he was with the townspeople, the petits bourgeois.

1887 F. Engels in S. Moore & E. Aveling tr. K. Marx Capital I. i. 39 It is, of course, highly desirable in the eyes of the petit bourgeois, for whom the production of commodities is the ne plus ultra of human freedom and individual independence, that the inconveniences resulting from this character of commodities not being directly exchangeable, should be removed.

1944 C. Gray in Music Rev. Aug. i. 156 Arthur Rimbaud..sought refuge in the existence of a typical French petit bourgeois from the terrible and terrifying realities which confronted him.

1996 Sunday Tel. 4 Feb. 29/3 A potentially violent and very far from respectable, still less guilt-ridden, type of petit bourgeois.

B. adj.

Belonging to, relating to, or characteristic of the lower-middle class; conservative, conventional. See also petty bourgeois adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [adjective] > middle-class or bourgeois

moyen1481

middling1631

bourgeois1761

small bourgeois1832

lower middle class1835

middle class1836

bourgeoisistic1848

petty bourgeois1864

upper middle class1872

petit bourgeois1887

lace curtain1928

haut bourgeois1940

bourgie1968

1887 S. Moore & E. Aveling tr. F. Engels in tr. K. Marx Capital I. ii. 59 (note) We may form an estimate of the shrewdness of the petit-bourgeois socialism [Ger. des kleinbürgerlichen Socialismus].

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Oct. 755/1 ‘Elise Hermann’..takes the reader into a petit bourgeois world.

1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing 25 Revulsion against this code was a sign of sentimental petit-bourgeois prejudice.

1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 163 Sam and Eleanor do not think of themselves as really belonging to a class, and they feel that the Sperbers and Rossmans are petit-bourgeois.

a1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1976) II. 160 His [sc. Harold Wilson's] natural modesty has remained unchanged. So have his modest tastes, his simple liking of high tea, his completely unaffected petit-bourgeois habits.

2001 J. Hamilton-Paterson Loving Monsters iii. 22 The restricting horrors of petit-bourgeois gentility.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	petit bourgeois
释义	petit bourgeoisn.adj. Brit. /ˌpɛtɪ ˈbʊəʒwɑː/, /ˌpɛtɪ ˈbɔːʒwɑː/, U.S. /ˈˌpɛdi bʊrˈʒwɑ/, /pəˌti(t) bʊrˈʒwɑ/; see also petit adj. and n. Inflections: Plural petits bourgeois; Forms: 1800s– petit bourgeois, 1900s– petite bourgeois (irregular). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French petit bourgeois. Etymology: < French petit bourgeois, noun (1654–5 or earlier; use as adjective is not paralleled in French until the early 20th cent.) < petit (see petit adj.) + bourgeois bourgeois n.¹ Compare slightly earlier petite bourgeoise n. and later petty bourgeois n. With use as adjective compare slightly earlier petty bourgeois adj.Attested earlier in the speech of a fictional Frenchman:1795 J. O'Keeffe Life's Vagaries iii. ii. 50 ‘I, as a magistrate, have to send this young dog to prison.’..‘Magistrate! fi donc! petit bourgeois—you huff abaut pah!’ A. n. A member of the lower-middle or commercial classes in a society; (also, with the) such people considered collective. By extension: (frequently derogatory) a person judged to have conventional or conservative political and social attitudes. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [noun] > middle class or bourgeoisie > person bourgeois1704 gigman1830 haut bourgeois1846 petit bourgeois1851 petty bourgeois1871 middle-classer1886 middle-middle1926 Middletowner1937 middle1955 bourgie1966 1851 New Monthly Mag. May 67 Hatred against the rich..; hatred against the petit bourgeois. 1859 M. Arnold Eng. & Ital. Question iii. 16 How indignant he was with the townspeople, the petits bourgeois. 1887 F. Engels in S. Moore & E. Aveling tr. K. Marx Capital I. i. 39 It is, of course, highly desirable in the eyes of the petit bourgeois, for whom the production of commodities is the ne plus ultra of human freedom and individual independence, that the inconveniences resulting from this character of commodities not being directly exchangeable, should be removed. 1944 C. Gray in Music Rev. Aug. i. 156 Arthur Rimbaud..sought refuge in the existence of a typical French petit bourgeois from the terrible and terrifying realities which confronted him. 1996 Sunday Tel. 4 Feb. 29/3 A potentially violent and very far from respectable, still less guilt-ridden, type of petit bourgeois. B. adj. Belonging to, relating to, or characteristic of the lower-middle class; conservative, conventional. See also petty bourgeois adj. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [adjective] > middle-class or bourgeois moyen1481 middling1631 bourgeois1761 small bourgeois1832 lower middle class1835 middle class1836 bourgeoisistic1848 petty bourgeois1864 upper middle class1872 petit bourgeois1887 lace curtain1928 haut bourgeois1940 bourgie1968 1887 S. Moore & E. Aveling tr. F. Engels in tr. K. Marx Capital I. ii. 59 (note) We may form an estimate of the shrewdness of the petit-bourgeois socialism [Ger. des kleinbürgerlichen Socialismus]. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Oct. 755/1 ‘Elise Hermann’..takes the reader into a petit bourgeois world. 1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing 25 Revulsion against this code was a sign of sentimental petit-bourgeois prejudice. 1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 163 Sam and Eleanor do not think of themselves as really belonging to a class, and they feel that the Sperbers and Rossmans are petit-bourgeois. a1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1976) II. 160 His [sc. Harold Wilson's] natural modesty has remained unchanged. So have his modest tastes, his simple liking of high tea, his completely unaffected petit-bourgeois habits. 2001 J. Hamilton-Paterson Loving Monsters iii. 22 The restricting horrors of petit-bourgeois gentility. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1851
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