pharmacyn.

Brit.

/ˈfɑːməsi/, U.S.

/ˈfɑrməsi/

Forms: Middle English farmacie, Middle English farmacye, Middle English fermacie, Middle English ffarmasye, Middle English formacie, 1600s pharmacie, 1600s– pharmacy; Scottish pre-1700 pharmace, pre-1700 pharmacie, pre-1700 1700s– pharmacy. N.E.D. (1905) also records forms Middle English farmasye, Middle English fermacye.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pharmacie; Latin pharmacia.

Etymology: < Middle French, French pharmacie (1314 in Old French as farmacie ; also in Middle French as farmacie ) purgative drug, treatment with a purgative (both 1314; now only in more general sense ‘drug’ and rare or literary), preparation of drugs, art of preparing drugs (1480), place where drugs are prepared and stored (1732), chemist's shop (1812) and its etymon classical Latin pharmacia preparation of drugs, in post-classical Latin also medicine, drug (from 5th cent. in translations of Greek medical writers), treatment with drugs (15th cent.), doctor's surgery (15th cent.) < ancient Greek ϕαρμακεία use of drugs, especially of purgatives, poisoning or witchcraft, (figurative) remedy < ϕαρμακεύειν to administer a drug or medicine (see pharmaceutic n. and adj.) + -ία -ia suffix¹; compare also (with the same meaning) ancient Greek ϕαρμακία < ϕάρμακον medicine (see pharmaco- comb. form) + -ία . Compare Spanish farmacia (15th cent. in sense 2a), Portuguese farmácia (1668, probably earliest in sense 3), Italian farmacia (1585 in sense 3, a1615 in sense 2b (now obsolete in this sense), a1794 in sense 4; sense 1 is not paralleled in Italian until 1750).With sense 3 compare the following earlier occurrence as an unassimilated Latin loan:1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 1 b/1 Pharmacia instructed vs how to compownde our medicaments.

†1. A medicine or medicinal preparation; spec. a purgative or laxative. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament

medicine?c1225

physicc1325

treacle1340

dia1377

pharmacyc1385

drugc1400

medicament?1440

applyment1561

spece1605

pharmack1643

eradicative1654

medicinal1667

medicinable1683

operative1716

pharmaceutical1829

pharmaceutic1927

meds1967

macrofilaricide1978

c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2713 Fermacies of herbes and eek saue They dronken for they wolde hir lymes haue.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) Þo farmaciez þat strongly chaufeþ or heteþ and drieþ.

a. Treatment with drugs (in early use spec. with purgatives); the administration or use of drugs or medicinal preparations. Now rare except in polypharmacy n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > [noun]

apothecary1366

pharmacya1400

medication?a1425

drugging1754

pharmacotherapy1903

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 83 (MED) Formacie [v.r. ffarmasye], þat is laxatiuis purgynge þe colere & brent humouris.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 158^v (MED) Superflue humourez al, outake blode, bene to be purged by farmacie.

1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica Pref. sig. b^v We ought not to be so eager after Courses of Pharmacy in all Cases.

1788 W. Hayley Poems & Plays I. 127 Thy foul supplies new funds of health, That fail not, in the trying hour, Above Arabia's spicy wealth And Pharmacy's reviving power.

1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 40 They..did slowly..waste away for lack of pharmacy.

1895 Montreal Med. Jrnl. 23 565 The physician without physiology and chemistry flounders along in an aimless fashion, never able to gain any accurate conception of disease, practising a sort of pop-gun pharmacy, hitting now the malady and again the patient, he himself not knowing which.

1915 Lancet 20 Nov. 1170/1 The onion, garlic, and leek have long been used in domestic or kitchen pharmacy.

†b. The use or preparation of potions or drugs in divination, witchcraft, etc. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1709 J. Johnson Clergy-man's Vade Mecum: Pt. II 69 Pharmacy probably signifies here..the compounding of philtrums or love-doses.

1895 F. T. Elworthy Evil Eye 445 Pharmacy consisted in divination by means of medicated drugs.

3. The preparation and dispensing of medicinal drugs; the occupation of a druggist or pharmaceutical chemist.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun]

pottingary1500

pharmacy1651

1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours i. xi. 40 A physician ought..to be skilfull in Pharmacie, which consists in choice, preparation, and composition of simple Medicaments.

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 709 The whole Piece is divided into three Parts..End and Principles of Pharmacy, both Galenical and Chymical.

1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. xii. 443 Pharmacy, or the art of preparing and compounding medicines, was the next thing I endeavoured to be a master of.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 112 The vaunts of Paracelsus..and his open condemnation of the ancient pharmacy.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 76 A substance long known in pharmacy as ‘red precipitate’.

1990 K. Thomas Gender & Subj. in Higher Educ. (BNC) 7 Female postgraduates now outnumber men in..medical studies (i.e. subjects such as pharmacy and nursing).

2000 Isis 91 336/1 Pita's magisterial study explores the elements of illuminism, romanticism and positivism in Portuguese pharmacy and pharmacology throughout its history and up to the present.

4. A place where medicines are prepared or dispensed; a shop where medicines are sold, a chemist's shop or drug store.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun] > pharmacist's premises

farmacia1823

pharmacy1833

1833 Fraser's Mag. 7 321 Attached to the church..is a pharmacy, where medicine is dispensed gratis.

1842 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 52 494 The ‘Pharmacy’ is large, airy, and well-filled with ancient blue and white jars.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 554 Bonjean's ergotin is that usually kept in our pharmacies.

1978 L. Duncan Killing Mr. Griffin v. 61 Call the pharmacy and order a refill on my pills today, will you.

1991 Pract. Health Jan. 4 (advt.) The Bio-Ray Miomagnetic Regulator is sold principally in pharmacies in other parts of the European community.

2003 Ladies Home Jrnl. May 180/1 Investigators from California State Board of Pharmacy traced the medicine to a local pharmacy where it had been prepared in a practice known as compounding, a process in which pharmacists use the same raw ingredients as drug manufacturers to make medication on site.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pharmacy
释义	pharmacyn. Brit. /ˈfɑːməsi/, U.S. /ˈfɑrməsi/ Forms: Middle English farmacie, Middle English farmacye, Middle English fermacie, Middle English ffarmasye, Middle English formacie, 1600s pharmacie, 1600s– pharmacy; Scottish pre-1700 pharmace, pre-1700 pharmacie, pre-1700 1700s– pharmacy. N.E.D. (1905) also records forms Middle English farmasye, Middle English fermacye. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pharmacie; Latin pharmacia. Etymology: < Middle French, French pharmacie (1314 in Old French as farmacie ; also in Middle French as farmacie ) purgative drug, treatment with a purgative (both 1314; now only in more general sense ‘drug’ and rare or literary), preparation of drugs, art of preparing drugs (1480), place where drugs are prepared and stored (1732), chemist's shop (1812) and its etymon classical Latin pharmacia preparation of drugs, in post-classical Latin also medicine, drug (from 5th cent. in translations of Greek medical writers), treatment with drugs (15th cent.), doctor's surgery (15th cent.) < ancient Greek ϕαρμακεία use of drugs, especially of purgatives, poisoning or witchcraft, (figurative) remedy < ϕαρμακεύειν to administer a drug or medicine (see pharmaceutic n. and adj.) + -ία -ia suffix¹; compare also (with the same meaning) ancient Greek ϕαρμακία < ϕάρμακον medicine (see pharmaco- comb. form) + -ία . Compare Spanish farmacia (15th cent. in sense 2a), Portuguese farmácia (1668, probably earliest in sense 3), Italian farmacia (1585 in sense 3, a1615 in sense 2b (now obsolete in this sense), a1794 in sense 4; sense 1 is not paralleled in Italian until 1750).With sense 3 compare the following earlier occurrence as an unassimilated Latin loan:1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 1 b/1 Pharmacia instructed vs how to compownde our medicaments. †1. A medicine or medicinal preparation; spec. a purgative or laxative. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament medicine?c1225 physicc1325 treacle1340 dia1377 pharmacyc1385 drugc1400 medicament?1440 applyment1561 spece1605 pharmack1643 eradicative1654 medicinal1667 medicinable1683 operative1716 pharmaceutical1829 pharmaceutic1927 meds1967 macrofilaricide1978 c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2713 Fermacies of herbes and eek saue They dronken for they wolde hir lymes haue. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) Þo farmaciez þat strongly chaufeþ or heteþ and drieþ. 2. a. Treatment with drugs (in early use spec. with purgatives); the administration or use of drugs or medicinal preparations. Now rare except in polypharmacy n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > [noun] apothecary1366 pharmacya1400 medication?a1425 drugging1754 pharmacotherapy1903 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 83 (MED) Formacie [v.r. ffarmasye], þat is laxatiuis purgynge þe colere & brent humouris. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 158^v (MED) Superflue humourez al, outake blode, bene to be purged by farmacie. 1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica Pref. sig. b^v We ought not to be so eager after Courses of Pharmacy in all Cases. 1788 W. Hayley Poems & Plays I. 127 Thy foul supplies new funds of health, That fail not, in the trying hour, Above Arabia's spicy wealth And Pharmacy's reviving power. 1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 40 They..did slowly..waste away for lack of pharmacy. 1895 Montreal Med. Jrnl. 23 565 The physician without physiology and chemistry flounders along in an aimless fashion, never able to gain any accurate conception of disease, practising a sort of pop-gun pharmacy, hitting now the malady and again the patient, he himself not knowing which. 1915 Lancet 20 Nov. 1170/1 The onion, garlic, and leek have long been used in domestic or kitchen pharmacy. †b. The use or preparation of potions or drugs in divination, witchcraft, etc. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1709 J. Johnson Clergy-man's Vade Mecum: Pt. II 69 Pharmacy probably signifies here..the compounding of philtrums or love-doses. 1895 F. T. Elworthy Evil Eye 445 Pharmacy consisted in divination by means of medicated drugs. 3. The preparation and dispensing of medicinal drugs; the occupation of a druggist or pharmaceutical chemist. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun] pottingary1500 pharmacy1651 1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours i. xi. 40 A physician ought..to be skilfull in Pharmacie, which consists in choice, preparation, and composition of simple Medicaments. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 709 The whole Piece is divided into three Parts..End and Principles of Pharmacy, both Galenical and Chymical. 1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. xii. 443 Pharmacy, or the art of preparing and compounding medicines, was the next thing I endeavoured to be a master of. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 112 The vaunts of Paracelsus..and his open condemnation of the ancient pharmacy. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 76 A substance long known in pharmacy as ‘red precipitate’. 1990 K. Thomas Gender & Subj. in Higher Educ. (BNC) 7 Female postgraduates now outnumber men in..medical studies (i.e. subjects such as pharmacy and nursing). 2000 Isis 91 336/1 Pita's magisterial study explores the elements of illuminism, romanticism and positivism in Portuguese pharmacy and pharmacology throughout its history and up to the present. 4. A place where medicines are prepared or dispensed; a shop where medicines are sold, a chemist's shop or drug store. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun] > pharmacist's premises farmacia1823 pharmacy1833 1833 Fraser's Mag. 7 321 Attached to the church..is a pharmacy, where medicine is dispensed gratis. 1842 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 52 494 The ‘Pharmacy’ is large, airy, and well-filled with ancient blue and white jars. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 554 Bonjean's ergotin is that usually kept in our pharmacies. 1978 L. Duncan Killing Mr. Griffin v. 61 Call the pharmacy and order a refill on my pills today, will you. 1991 Pract. Health Jan. 4 (advt.) The Bio-Ray Miomagnetic Regulator is sold principally in pharmacies in other parts of the European community. 2003 Ladies Home Jrnl. May 180/1 Investigators from California State Board of Pharmacy traced the medicine to a local pharmacy where it had been prepared in a practice known as compounding, a process in which pharmacists use the same raw ingredients as drug manufacturers to make medication on site. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1385
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