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单词 petulant
释义

petulantadj.n.

Brit. /ˈpɛtjᵿlənt/, /ˈpɛtjᵿln̩t/, /ˈpɛtʃᵿlənt/, /ˈpɛtʃᵿln̩t/, U.S. /ˈpɛtʃələnt/
Forms: 1500s– petulant, 1600s–1700s petulent (irregular).
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pétulant; Latin petulant-, petulāns.
Etymology: < Middle French, French pétulant (1552 in sense A. 1b; 14th cent. in sense ‘lively’) and its etymon classical Latin petulant-, petulāns impudent, insolent, immodest, wanton, also as noun, an immodest person, probably representing the present participle of an unattested verb *petulāre < petere to seek (see petition n.) + -ulāre (in e.g. postulāre ); compare petulcous adj.In sense A. 2, which is not found in Latin or French, probably influenced by association with pet n.3 and related words; compare petulance n. 2a and earlier petulancy n. 2.
A. adj.
1.
a. Immodest or forward in speech or behaviour; wanton, lascivious. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > moral or spiritual impurity > indecency > [adjective] > immodest
impudentc1386
petulant1538
unmodest1565
immodest1590
Jezebelical1625
Jezebelish1645
impudicous1657
1538 Bp. J. Longland Serm. Good Frydaye sig. D Howe is it possyble for hym to lyue chaste, that hath a lascyuyous petulant eye? a wanton lyght countenaunce? gasynge in euery womans face?
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie iii. x. sig. I2 Deride me not, though I seeme petulant To fall into thy chops.
?a1625 Lawes of Candy ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ggg4/1 I have been both nurs'd, and traind up to Her petulant humours, and been glad to beare them.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 277 Corrupted..amongst Lascivious and Petulent Men and Women, through various sorts of Vncleannesses, which are against God's Law.
1703 S. Patrick Comm. 2 Sam. vi. 20 Not with a futilous, lascivious, and petulant joy, but with a pious and moderate.
1783 Ld. Hailes Disquis. Antiq. Christian Church ii. 20 Amongst the lively, petulant, and licentious inhabitants of Alexandria.
1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel III. v. 128 The air of petulant gallantry.
b. Impudent, insolent, rude. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > [adjective]
thristec897
bolda1000
keen1297
apert1330
smartc1400
malaperta1425
overbolda1425
affronted1485
saucy1511
impertinata1525
over-familiar1529
pert1535
cocket1537
cockapert1556
contumelious1561
impudent1563
brass-bold1582
pertlike1582
paughtya1586
audacious1586
copped1597
effronted1598
petulant1598
dortya1605
rufty-tufty1606
facy1607
snappish1608
bold-faceda1616
over-pert1621
impertinent1631
procacious1660
insolent1678
calleting1691
effrontuousa1734
imperent1771
free1775
sassy1799
pawky1809
iron-sideda1825
gilpie1835
cheeky1838
fresh1843
snouty1858
nebby1873
gay1889
nebsy1894
nervy1896
brass neck1925
facety1928
facey1929
brass-necked1935
chutzpadik1959
1598 B. Jonson Euery Man in his Humor i. i T' have ta'en on trust Such petulant, jeering gamesters, that can spare No argument or subject from their jest.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xix. 268 The petulent swarme Of flies.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 256 A kind of Back-biting mockery, proceeding from mans petulant wit and invention.
1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. v The petulant Scriblers of this Age.
1729 T. Cooke Tales 124 Mr. Theobald is treated in so unhandsome, foolish, and petulant, a Manner, thro the Dunciad.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. p. xvi/2 (note) Falco behaved with the most petulant indecency.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 175 He is..as fair a mark as factious animosity and petulant wit could desire.
2. Exhibiting or prone to peevish impatience or irritability, esp. over trivial matters; childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > peevishness > [adjective]
protervec1384
teethya1500
peevishc1530
protervous1547
pettish1552
tatter1579
fretting1587
teeny1594
frampold1599
treaf1601
fretful1603
teety1621
frappish1631
froppish1659
huffy1680
toothy1691
peenging1724
fractious1725
crossish1740
huffish1755
petulant1755
refractious1761
pouty1799
pensy1803
fudgy1819
twiney1824
rammista1838
fretty1844
petful1852
patchy1862
fretsome1870
grizzly1900
anfractuous1923
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Peevish Petulant, waspish, easily offended.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. v. iii. 48 He was grown so ill-humoured and petulant.
1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. v. 72 Laud was petulant, passionate, and impatient of contradiction.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vi. 108 The Englishman is very petulant and precise about his accommodation at inns, and on the roads.
1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. iii. 32 With a petulant gesture she hurled the rose out of the window.
1919 J. Conrad Arrow of Gold ii. i We heard a petulant exclamation accompanied by childlike stamping with both feet.
1954 M. Stewart Madam, will you Talk? xxi. 159 Her voice cut in, petulant and brittle.
1994 Amer. Spectator Apr. 14/3 Clinton's petulant character assault.
B. n.
A petulant person, esp. a childishly sulky or bad-tempered one.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > peevishness > [noun] > peevish person
fretcharda1640
fretter1649
petulant1682
Gummidge1873
nippy sweetie1985
1682 T. Shadwell Lancs.-witches i, in Wks. (1720) III. 225 Come, good petulant, Mr. Chop-logick, pack up your few books..And leave my house.
1755 Man No. 2. 4 Can satire be too sharp for such petulants?
1893 T. M. Healy in Westm. Gaz. 2 Nov. 2/1 Hostile journalists..pursued Mr. Parnell at the outset of his Parliamentary career as a bore, a blunderer, and a petulant.
1993 San Francisco Examiner (Nexis) 28 Oct. a20 One of the whining petulants collectively described..as earning over $100,000 a year while saying they do not have enough to live on.
2001 Deseret News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 30 Apr. a9 The petulants interrupted Mr. Horowitz countless times with inane shouts of rote demagoguery.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1538
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