physicsn.

Brit.

/ˈfɪzɪks/, U.S.

/ˈfɪzɪks/

Forms: late Middle English phisikes, late Middle English–1500s phisikis, 1500s–1600s physickes, 1500s–1700s phisicks, 1500s–1700s physicks, 1600s physikes, 1600s physiques, 1600s– physics.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymon: physic adj.

Etymology: < physic adj. (see -ic suffix 2), after classical Latin physica natural science, in post-classical Latin also the science of medicine (c400), and as the title of Aristotle's physical treatises (1267, 15th cent. in British sources), use as noun of neuter plural of physicus physic adj., itself after ancient Greek τὰ ϕυσικά , lit. ‘natural things’, the collective title of Aristotle's physical treatises. Compare Old French, Middle French physique physic n. Compare earlier physic n.

a. Natural science in general; esp. the Aristotelian system of natural science. Also: a treatise on natural science. Now historical.The scope of the term has varied from including the whole of the physical world (Locke also included God, angels, etc.) to being restricted to inorganic bodies, until finally being further restricted to sense 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > [noun]

physicc1330

philosophya1387

natural philosophya1393

natural science?a1425

physicsc1487

philosophy of nature1695

physiology1704

science1779

azoology1817

material science1837

c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica iii. 174 Among the Grekes, as it is many tymes seen, it is long or they can atteigne vnto thentellective of the phisikes [L. philosophiam, Gk. ϕιλοσοϕίας] by-cause they long perseuere not therin, but geve theym vnto lucrative science.

1579 Acts Parl. Scotl. III. 180/1 The fourt regent sall teiche in Greik samekle of the Phisikis as is neidfull with the spheir.

1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Ci Neither is there almost any poeticall fygment, wherein there is not some thing comprehended, taken out..of the Phisicks or Ethicks.

1602 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xii. lxxv. 313 Nor wanted thear..that did relye On Physickes and on Ethickes, and..a God deny.

1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 56 Whereof some are contemplatiue, as Mathematikes, Physikes, Metaphysikes.

1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iv. xxv. 290 I have given to this Part, the title of Physiques or Phænomena of Nature.

1674 R. Boyle Excellency Theol. ii. iv. 170 That great Restorer of Physicks, the illustrious Verulam.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physicks, or Natural Philosophy, is the Speculative Knowledge of all Natural Bodies (and Mr. Lock thinks, That God, Angels, Spirits &c. which usually are accounted as the Subject of Metaphysicks, should come into this Science), and of their proper Natures, Constitutions, Powers, and Operations.

1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. i. 1 This Word, Physicks, strictly speaking, and according to the Etymology of it, signifies no more than Natural.

1756 J. Warton Ess. on Pope I. iii. 169 [Aristotle's] Physics contain many useful observations, particularly his History of Animals.

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 181 If we consider medicine as a science, or as a system of rules, it..forms a principal department of physics, or experimental philosophy.

a1832 F. D. Maurice Moral & Metaphysical Philos. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 645/1 Then arose..Roger Bacon, and mathematics, chemistry, and physics generally became as much the studies of Christians as they had already been of the Mahometans.

1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Physics, term for that science which treats of the nature of the qualities which beings derive from birth, in contradistinction to those acquired from art—of the whole mass of beings comprising the universe—and of the laws which govern those beings; natural philosophy.

1988 G. J. Whitrow Time in Hist.: Evol. Gen. Awareness iv. 42 For Aristotle physics meant the study of motion and change in nature.

b. The branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of non-living matter and energy, in so far as they are not dealt with by chemistry or biology; the science whose subject matter includes mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity, magnetism, gravity, the structure of atoms, the nature of subatomic particles, and the fundamental laws of the material universe. Also: the physical properties and phenomena of a thing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > [noun] > physics

physical philosophy1654

physical science1705

physics1715

new physics1874

1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. Pref. ii The Celestial Physics, or Physical Astronomy [L. Astronomia Physica], is not only the first in dignity of all inquiries into Nature whatever.

1785 J. Bowdoin in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 18 True physics must be founded on experiments.

1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxxii. 331 These motions come under the same laws of dynamics and analysis as any other branch of physics.

1851 H. Buff (title) Familiar letters on the physics of the earth.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. ix. 272 M. Agassiz is a naturalist, and he appears to have devoted but little attention to the study of physics.

1900 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics (ed. 4) 27 The science of physics, in addition to the general laws of dynamics and their application to the interaction of solid, liquid, and gaseous bodies, embraces the theory of those agents which were formerly designated as imponderables—light, heat, electricity, magnetism, etc.; and all these are now treated as forms of motion, as different manifestations of the same fundamental energy.

1906 N.E.D. (at cited word) Physics is divided into general physics, dealing with the general phenomena of inorganic nature (dynamics, molecular physics, physics of the ether, etc.), and applied physics, dealing with special phenomena (astronomy, meteorology, terrestrial magnetism, etc.). There is a tendency now to restrict the word to the former group.

1938 Amer. Home Oct. 107/3 (advt.) Dad studied physics in high school. He remembers that B.T.U.'s (British Thermal Units) are the engineers' standard of heat measurement.

1968 C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity i. 4 Long before the physics of superconductivity was understood, a number of phenomenological theories had been proposed.

1993 Sci. News 9 Jan. 26/1 A craft called Wind, the second of an international group of instruments designed to study solar-terrestrial physics, will examine the transport of energy from the sun to Earth.

†2. A treatise on medicine; the science of medicine. Cf. physic n. 4. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > [noun]

leechcraftc888

physicc1325

medicinec1330

physicality1592

physics1626

medics1663

physianthropy1828

thereology1841

leechery1892

med1931

1626 R. Harris Hezekiah's Recov. (1630) 33 For the second, Health: great Salomon hath written a Physicks for us.

1785 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 467 When college education is done with..he must cast his eyes (for America) either on Law or Physics.

1817 R. Southey Let. 12 Mar. in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) II. 471 In physics as in metaphysics, a little knowledge is a great evil... Many are the mortal diseases of which I have observed symptoms in myself.

1838 J. P. Kennedy Rob of Bowl I. (advt.) Works on Medicine..Arnott's Elements of Physics, 2 vols.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	physics
释义	physicsn. Brit. /ˈfɪzɪks/, U.S. /ˈfɪzɪks/ Forms: late Middle English phisikes, late Middle English–1500s phisikis, 1500s–1600s physickes, 1500s–1700s phisicks, 1500s–1700s physicks, 1600s physikes, 1600s physiques, 1600s– physics. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymon: physic adj. Etymology: < physic adj. (see -ic suffix 2), after classical Latin physica natural science, in post-classical Latin also the science of medicine (c400), and as the title of Aristotle's physical treatises (1267, 15th cent. in British sources), use as noun of neuter plural of physicus physic adj., itself after ancient Greek τὰ ϕυσικά , lit. ‘natural things’, the collective title of Aristotle's physical treatises. Compare Old French, Middle French physique physic n. Compare earlier physic n. 1. a. Natural science in general; esp. the Aristotelian system of natural science. Also: a treatise on natural science. Now historical.The scope of the term has varied from including the whole of the physical world (Locke also included God, angels, etc.) to being restricted to inorganic bodies, until finally being further restricted to sense 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > [noun] physicc1330 philosophya1387 natural philosophya1393 natural science?a1425 physicsc1487 philosophy of nature1695 physiology1704 science1779 azoology1817 material science1837 c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica iii. 174 Among the Grekes, as it is many tymes seen, it is long or they can atteigne vnto thentellective of the phisikes [L. philosophiam, Gk. ϕιλοσοϕίας] by-cause they long perseuere not therin, but geve theym vnto lucrative science. 1579 Acts Parl. Scotl. III. 180/1 The fourt regent sall teiche in Greik samekle of the Phisikis as is neidfull with the spheir. 1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Ci Neither is there almost any poeticall fygment, wherein there is not some thing comprehended, taken out..of the Phisicks or Ethicks. 1602 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xii. lxxv. 313 Nor wanted thear..that did relye On Physickes and on Ethickes, and..a God deny. 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 56 Whereof some are contemplatiue, as Mathematikes, Physikes, Metaphysikes. 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iv. xxv. 290 I have given to this Part, the title of Physiques or Phænomena of Nature. 1674 R. Boyle Excellency Theol. ii. iv. 170 That great Restorer of Physicks, the illustrious Verulam. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physicks, or Natural Philosophy, is the Speculative Knowledge of all Natural Bodies (and Mr. Lock thinks, That God, Angels, Spirits &c. which usually are accounted as the Subject of Metaphysicks, should come into this Science), and of their proper Natures, Constitutions, Powers, and Operations. 1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. i. 1 This Word, Physicks, strictly speaking, and according to the Etymology of it, signifies no more than Natural. 1756 J. Warton Ess. on Pope I. iii. 169 [Aristotle's] Physics contain many useful observations, particularly his History of Animals. 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 181 If we consider medicine as a science, or as a system of rules, it..forms a principal department of physics, or experimental philosophy. a1832 F. D. Maurice Moral & Metaphysical Philos. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 645/1 Then arose..Roger Bacon, and mathematics, chemistry, and physics generally became as much the studies of Christians as they had already been of the Mahometans. 1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Physics, term for that science which treats of the nature of the qualities which beings derive from birth, in contradistinction to those acquired from art—of the whole mass of beings comprising the universe—and of the laws which govern those beings; natural philosophy. 1988 G. J. Whitrow Time in Hist.: Evol. Gen. Awareness iv. 42 For Aristotle physics meant the study of motion and change in nature. b. The branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of non-living matter and energy, in so far as they are not dealt with by chemistry or biology; the science whose subject matter includes mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity, magnetism, gravity, the structure of atoms, the nature of subatomic particles, and the fundamental laws of the material universe. Also: the physical properties and phenomena of a thing. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > [noun] > physics physical philosophy1654 physical science1705 physics1715 new physics1874 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. Pref. ii The Celestial Physics, or Physical Astronomy [L. Astronomia Physica], is not only the first in dignity of all inquiries into Nature whatever. 1785 J. Bowdoin in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 18 True physics must be founded on experiments. 1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxxii. 331 These motions come under the same laws of dynamics and analysis as any other branch of physics. 1851 H. Buff (title) Familiar letters on the physics of the earth. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. ix. 272 M. Agassiz is a naturalist, and he appears to have devoted but little attention to the study of physics. 1900 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics (ed. 4) 27 The science of physics, in addition to the general laws of dynamics and their application to the interaction of solid, liquid, and gaseous bodies, embraces the theory of those agents which were formerly designated as imponderables—light, heat, electricity, magnetism, etc.; and all these are now treated as forms of motion, as different manifestations of the same fundamental energy. 1906 N.E.D. (at cited word) Physics is divided into general physics, dealing with the general phenomena of inorganic nature (dynamics, molecular physics, physics of the ether, etc.), and applied physics, dealing with special phenomena (astronomy, meteorology, terrestrial magnetism, etc.). There is a tendency now to restrict the word to the former group. 1938 Amer. Home Oct. 107/3 (advt.) Dad studied physics in high school. He remembers that B.T.U.'s (British Thermal Units) are the engineers' standard of heat measurement. 1968 C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity i. 4 Long before the physics of superconductivity was understood, a number of phenomenological theories had been proposed. 1993 Sci. News 9 Jan. 26/1 A craft called Wind, the second of an international group of instruments designed to study solar-terrestrial physics, will examine the transport of energy from the sun to Earth. †2. A treatise on medicine; the science of medicine. Cf. physic n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > [noun] leechcraftc888 physicc1325 medicinec1330 physicality1592 physics1626 medics1663 physianthropy1828 thereology1841 leechery1892 med1931 1626 R. Harris Hezekiah's Recov. (1630) 33 For the second, Health: great Salomon hath written a Physicks for us. 1785 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 467 When college education is done with..he must cast his eyes (for America) either on Law or Physics. 1817 R. Southey Let. 12 Mar. in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) II. 471 In physics as in metaphysics, a little knowledge is a great evil... Many are the mortal diseases of which I have observed symptoms in myself. 1838 J. P. Kennedy Rob of Bowl I. (advt.) Works on Medicine..Arnott's Elements of Physics, 2 vols. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1487
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