photicadj.

Brit.

/ˈfəʊtɪk/, U.S.

/ˈfoʊdɪk/

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ϕωτ- , ϕῶς , -ic suffix.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ϕωτ-, ϕῶς light (see photo- comb. form) + -ic suffix.With sense 2 compare German photisch (1898 in the passage translated in quot. 1903 at sense 2).

Chiefly Science.

1. Of or relating to light; caused by light.Recorded earliest in photic fluid n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > [adjective] > relating to light

luminary1794

photic1843

photal1877

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > [adjective]

photic1843

1843 Mechanics' Mag. 38 47 The photic fluid may be regarded as the base of all other traversing fluids.

1869 Appletons' Jrnl. 4 Sept. 88/1 The ear of the Red Indian, the eye of the eagle, the touch of the Hindoo weaver, the muscle of the navvy, possess inherited adaptation to photic, acoustic, cohesive, and gravitating phenomena.

1919 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 29 254 Tactile receptors, photic receptors, and chemoreceptors [of chitons] are physiologically distinct.

1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. xiii. 757 The rather feeble photic requirements of the purple bacteria.

1969 V. Nabokov Ada i. xii. 72 Each [firefly] flashed his pale-lemon light every five seconds or so, signalling in his own specific rhythm..to his grass-domiciled female pulsating in photic response.

1994 New Scientist 21 May 93/1 The tendency to sneeze on exposure to bright light is termed the ‘photic sneeze’.

2. Designating the part of the sea or other body of water which is penetrated by sufficient sunlight for the growth of plants. Chiefly in photic zone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > region of sea or ocean > [adjective] > upper parts

oceanic1851

neritic1891

photic1903

euphotic1909

1903 W. R. Fisher tr. A. F. W. Schimper Plant-geogr. 782 Three chief stages of brightness may be distinguished: 1. The photic or bright region [Ger. photische oder helle Region], in which the intensity of light is sufficient for the normal development of macrophytes.

1920 Jrnl. Ecol. 8 170 Since the photic zone for rooted plants is at most 10 m. and is usually less than 7 m., water temperature is not likely to limit the downward extension of vegetation.

1972 A. Laurie Living Oceans iv. 88 For small, slow-moving animals the twilight zone is also a safer habitat than the photic zone, which is the home of many active predators, especially fast-moving fish.

1992 Nature Canada Fall 18/1 Staying in the photic (sunlit) zone is an obvious priority for the phytoplankton.

Compounds

† photic fluid n. Obsolete rare a supposed fluid thought to be the medium through which light waves are propagated; the luminiferous ether.

ΚΠ

1843Photic fluid [see sense 1].

Derivatives

ˈphotically adv. by means of light (chiefly with reference to physiological processes).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > [adverb]

photically1933

1933 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 19 637 The amount of auxin extractable from the photically stimulated side of the organ is effectively decreased by side-illumination.

1960 Recent Adv. Biol. Psychiatry 2 181 Photically evoked cerebral patterns have been studied.

2003 Biol. Bull. 204 35/1 One of the salient differences we found between the photically and mechanically triggered escape behaviors..was the substantially larger minimum reaction time of the former.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	photic
释义	photicadj. Brit. /ˈfəʊtɪk/, U.S. /ˈfoʊdɪk/ Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ϕωτ- , ϕῶς , -ic suffix. Etymology: < ancient Greek ϕωτ-, ϕῶς light (see photo- comb. form) + -ic suffix.With sense 2 compare German photisch (1898 in the passage translated in quot. 1903 at sense 2). Chiefly Science. 1. Of or relating to light; caused by light.Recorded earliest in photic fluid n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > [adjective] > relating to light luminary1794 photic1843 photal1877 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > [adjective] photic1843 1843 Mechanics' Mag. 38 47 The photic fluid may be regarded as the base of all other traversing fluids. 1869 Appletons' Jrnl. 4 Sept. 88/1 The ear of the Red Indian, the eye of the eagle, the touch of the Hindoo weaver, the muscle of the navvy, possess inherited adaptation to photic, acoustic, cohesive, and gravitating phenomena. 1919 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 29 254 Tactile receptors, photic receptors, and chemoreceptors [of chitons] are physiologically distinct. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. xiii. 757 The rather feeble photic requirements of the purple bacteria. 1969 V. Nabokov Ada i. xii. 72 Each [firefly] flashed his pale-lemon light every five seconds or so, signalling in his own specific rhythm..to his grass-domiciled female pulsating in photic response. 1994 New Scientist 21 May 93/1 The tendency to sneeze on exposure to bright light is termed the ‘photic sneeze’. 2. Designating the part of the sea or other body of water which is penetrated by sufficient sunlight for the growth of plants. Chiefly in photic zone. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > region of sea or ocean > [adjective] > upper parts oceanic1851 neritic1891 photic1903 euphotic1909 1903 W. R. Fisher tr. A. F. W. Schimper Plant-geogr. 782 Three chief stages of brightness may be distinguished: 1. The photic or bright region [Ger. photische oder helle Region], in which the intensity of light is sufficient for the normal development of macrophytes. 1920 Jrnl. Ecol. 8 170 Since the photic zone for rooted plants is at most 10 m. and is usually less than 7 m., water temperature is not likely to limit the downward extension of vegetation. 1972 A. Laurie Living Oceans iv. 88 For small, slow-moving animals the twilight zone is also a safer habitat than the photic zone, which is the home of many active predators, especially fast-moving fish. 1992 Nature Canada Fall 18/1 Staying in the photic (sunlit) zone is an obvious priority for the phytoplankton. Compounds † photic fluid n. Obsolete rare a supposed fluid thought to be the medium through which light waves are propagated; the luminiferous ether. ΚΠ 1843Photic fluid [see sense 1]. Derivatives ˈphotically adv. by means of light (chiefly with reference to physiological processes). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > [adverb] photically1933 1933 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 19 637 The amount of auxin extractable from the photically stimulated side of the organ is effectively decreased by side-illumination. 1960 Recent Adv. Biol. Psychiatry 2 181 Photically evoked cerebral patterns have been studied. 2003 Biol. Bull. 204 35/1 One of the salient differences we found between the photically and mechanically triggered escape behaviors..was the substantially larger minimum reaction time of the former. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1843
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