accessaryn.adj.

Brit.

/əkˈsɛs(ə)ri/,

/akˈsɛs(ə)ri/, U.S.

/əkˈsɛs(ə)ri/,

/ækˈsɛs(ə)ri/

Forms: late Middle English axcessary, late Middle English excercarys (plural, transmission error), late Middle English– accessary, 1500s–1600s accessarie.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin accessarius, accessaria, accessarium.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin accessarius person who is an accessory to an offence (1507 in a British source), accessaria complicity (1511 in a British source), accessarium subordinate matter (13th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin accēss- , past participial stem of accēdere accede v. + (respectively) -ārius , -āria , -ārium (see -ary suffix¹). Compare accessory n., accessory adj., and French and Latin forms cited at accessory n. and adj.In earlier use frequently stressed on the first syllable, and hence distinct from accessory n., accessory adj. ( N.E.D. (1884) gives both stress patterns.) Sometimes, especially in legal use, an etymologically-motivated distinction has been drawn between accessary as noun, especially in sense A. 1 (as reflecting post-classical Latin accessarius ), and accessory as adjective (as reflecting post-classical Latin accessorius : see accessory n. and adj.), although accessory is now generally preferred for both, including in legal use. Some recent examples in more casual use (especially in sense A. 2) may be misspellings of accessory.

A. n.

1. Of a person: = accessory n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assent > [noun] > one who

accessary1451

assentator1531

assentant1562

yea-sayer1584

assenter1634

subscriber1653

assentient1859

assentor1880

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > one who assists

fellowa1382

accessory1414

accessary1451

confederate1495

confederator1536

snapperc1555

complice1581

accomplice?1589

assistor1601

socius criminis1602

fedariea1616

complier1619

particeps criminisa1634

correspondent1639

complicate1662

capper1753

palc1770

partner in crime1831

sidekick1893

side-kicker1894

ram1941

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > subsidiary or contributory help > a subsidiary help > person > in something bad

accessory1414

accessary1451

1451 Memorandum of Prosecutions in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 526 Item, to indyte the baly of Swaffham..Heydon, Prentys, of felonye as excercarys.

1470 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 561 J. Pampyng is endyghtyd of felony, and Edmu[n]d Broom as principallys, and ye as axcessary, for schotyng of a gonne.

a1500 (a1470) Brut (BL Add. 10099) 517 (MED) To take & bryng him & his Accessaries to þe King.

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. G2^v To prison was I sent as principall, and my master as accessarie.

1620 T. Cooper Cry & Reuenge of Blood 43 Worlich, one of the Accessaries (if not a Principall).

1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 128 He knows very well there are no accessaries in Treason.

1797 Jacob's Law Dict. at Accessary A man may be a principal in an offence in two degrees..he must be certainly guilty, either as principal or accessary..and if principal, then in the first degree, for there is no..superior in the guilt, whom he could aid, abet, or assist.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iv. 129 The moral anomaly of punishing the accessary.

1900 Southeastern Reporter 35 837/2 Lilly insists that, according to the evidence, he was merely an accessary, and Craig, the principal, having been acquitted, he could not be convicted.

1967 Times 22 Feb. 2/3 A shop assistant, of King's Cross, was charged with being an accessary and possessing an offensive weapon.

2008 F. Young Harum Scarum xiv. 103 If anything incriminatory is found you might find yourself charged as an accessary to murder.

2. = accessory n. 2.In early use chiefly of immaterial or abstract things, often as a figurative use of sense A. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [noun] > that which accompanies

purtenancea1382

accessory1429

retinue?a1439

accessaryc1475

companion1533

annexe?1541

hanger-ona1555

supply1567

copemate1581

complement1586

fere1593

adjective1597

annexment1604

annexary1605

attendant1607

adherence1610

adjacent1610

wife1616

fellower1620

coincident1626

attendancy1654

associate1658

appanage1663

conjunct1667

perquisite1667

familiar1668

satellite1702

accompaniment1709

accompanying1761

side dish1775

obbligato1825

shadow1830

rider1859

gadget1917

c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 227 (MED) It suffiseth me to haue shewed that money and worldy goodes ben no more than accessaries and seruauntes ai to vertu.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Hh.ij The auctoritie of his office..ought to be his accessarie, and his good lyfe for principall.

1581 W. Charke Replie to Censure sig. Avi This iudge, that..should have censured the matter it self, hath dealt only with certaine accessaries, leauing the principal cause in ful force.

1605 Certaine Demandes Propounded f. 17^v Not onely that great Idoll of the Popish Masse it selfe,..but then also, all relickes, monuments, memorialls and delectable things with their accessaries, appendices, and appurtinances..ought to be cast away.

1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 424 It shews no great reverence to those Sacred Writings, to bring them, though it be but as Accessaries, into Farce and Ridicule.

1766 J. Burrow Rep. Court King's Bench 2 1087 The Interest is an Accessary to the Principal; And He can not bring a new Action for any Interest grown due between the Commencement of his Action, and the Judgement in it.

1854 tr. A. Karr in Fraser's Mag. Feb. 229/1 In order to marry, a husband is required: so he is taken as an accessary, just in the same way as carriages are hired.

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. 1262/2 Padding,..in painting, figures or accessaries not essential to a picture.

1921 Amer. Jrnl. Electrotherapeutics & Radiol. July 293/1 It is self-evident that radium will ultimately be used only an accessary to roentgen therapy.

1976 Texas Monthly Oct. 184/1 (advt.) Complete lines of clothing and accessaries.

2010 Loughborough Echo (Nexis) 11 June 17 Unfortunately, it's only a matter of time until they [sc. youth shelters] become just another playground accessary to be used and abused.

B. adj.

1. Chiefly Law. = accessory adj. 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > auxiliary

accessary1534

accessory1567

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [adjective] > auxiliary or subsidiary > as assistant to a person > in something bad

accessary1534

accessory1567

1534 Prymer in Eng. sig. J.viij Yf thou in the meane ceason were takynge thy pastyme and recreacyon, and sodenly were arested and caste in pryson as accessary of this murther.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. ii. 179 To both their deaths shalt thou be accessary .

1609 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet ii. x. f. 66^v Yet in his youth was he accessary to the errour of his years, that he followed the whole sway and stray of youth.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 312 A God's command he pleads, And makes Heav'n accessary to his Deeds.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xix. 45 Don't imagine that I would be accessary to your Ruin for the World.

1792 York Herald 30 June Mr. Samuel Montgomery..was..charged with being accessary to the death of Mr. Gustavus Nicholas Frizell.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. i. 33 Both houses of parliament were commonly made accessary to the legal murders of this [sc. Henry VIII's] reign.

1872 Nation (N.Y.) 4 July 2/2 Another..wanted to know if a man was a fit candidate for the Presidency who..was accessary to the purloining of a gentleman's private letters.

1920 C. B. De Mille Royal Mounted iv. 79 You don't seem to realize it means degradation for you, with fifteen or twenty years' hard labor. Do you know you've made yourself accessary to a murder.

2. Of a thing: = accessory adj. 1.Now chiefly in scientific and technical use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > non-essential

accidental1387

casual1398

incident1523

accidentary?1549

accessarya1555

chanceablea1557

accessory1563

circumstant1583

advenient1594

adventive1605

adventitial1607

circumstantial1608

contingent1628

adventious1633

incidental1644

accessional1646

contingential1647

non-essential1647

extra-essential1667

attachable1798

dividuous1816

inessential1832

peripheral1902

a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 125 Haukyng and huntyng is but an accessarye thynge.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. xi. 80 The Piller..is considered with two accessarie parts, a pedestall or base, and a chapter or head, the body is the shaft.

1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iii. 38 Foundations which were good in their original institution ought not to be destroyed for accessary abuses.

1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 29 The Oath being accessary to the Statutes.

1730 W. Bohun Law of Tithes ix. 379 Because they have Jurisdiction of the Original Cause, they shall have Power to try that which is Accessary arising thereupon.

1774 E. Pendleton Let. 4 May in Lett. & Papers (1967) I. 85 Was there ever an instance of a court so degrading the purpose of their institution as to make fees the primary consideration of their sitting, which is only a shadow or accessary consequence.

1829 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. July 268 The accessary proposition is, that the greatest aggregate of happiness must always include the happiness of the greatest number.

1853 Chemist 4 359/2 There is a custom of mingling with the common salt..a small quantity of oxide of iron obtained as an accessary product in certain metallurgical operations.

1908 Central States Med. Monitor 15 Feb. 431/2 Infection entering the cranium through the gateway of an accessary air space.

1966 Kew Bull. 20 420 I will now give some examples in which data from various accessary disciplines have resulted in clarification of taxonomic problems in the family.

2002 Competition Sci. Vision July 720/2 The gills carry gaseous exchange with water during swimming and serves [sic] as an accessary respiratory organ.

Phrases

P1.

accessary before the fact n. Law = accessory before the fact n. at accessory n. and adj. Phrases 1.

ΚΠ

?1569 T. Norton Warnyng agaynst Papistes sig. G.ii They had newes of the late horrible murder ere it were done, as if they had ben accessaries before the fact.

1659 W. Greenwood Βουλευτηριον 326 If any one procure or command another to commit the felony, though he be not present when it is perpetrated, he is said to be an accessary before the fact.

1780 M. Madan Thelyphthora I. v. 393 The husband, by causing her to do it, is particeps criminis, as an accessary before the fact.

1850 Michigan Farmer Feb. 39/1 Wake up, gentlemen, and prove that you are not accessaries before the fact, by encouraging the farmer, yourselves among the rest, to raise fat mutton.

1921 Blackwood's Mag. Mar. 395/2 The Germans would never believe that she had not been an accessary before the fact.

2008 Courier Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 18 Dec. 21 Mohammed was found guilty of being an accessary before the fact.

P2.

accessary after the fact n. Law = accessory after the fact n. at accessory n. and adj. Phrases 2.

ΚΠ

1633 T. Nash Quaternio 7 You are Accessaries after the fact to these misdemeanors, you harbour and resette those men.

1769 S. P. Adye Treat. Courts Martial ii. iii. 64 The Acquital, of a Man as a Principal is no bar to a subsequent prosecution against him as an Accessary after the fact.

1854 J. R. Lowell in Poet. Wks. John Keats p. xii There is always some one willing to make himself a sort of accessary after the fact in any success.

1904 F. Hume Mandarin's Fan xviii. 208 He gave the tie to Forge and said nothing about it at the inquest, so that makes him an accessary after the fact.

2009 Kalgoorlie (Austral.) Miner (Nexis) 22 July 4 Moran, 64, was to apply for bail in the Melbourne Magistrates' Court yesterday on the lesser charge of being an accessary after the fact.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	accessary
释义	accessaryn.adj. Brit. /əkˈsɛs(ə)ri/, /akˈsɛs(ə)ri/, U.S. /əkˈsɛs(ə)ri/, /ækˈsɛs(ə)ri/ Forms: late Middle English axcessary, late Middle English excercarys (plural, transmission error), late Middle English– accessary, 1500s–1600s accessarie. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin accessarius, accessaria, accessarium. Etymology: < post-classical Latin accessarius person who is an accessory to an offence (1507 in a British source), accessaria complicity (1511 in a British source), accessarium subordinate matter (13th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin accēss- , past participial stem of accēdere accede v. + (respectively) -ārius , -āria , -ārium (see -ary suffix¹). Compare accessory n., accessory adj., and French and Latin forms cited at accessory n. and adj.In earlier use frequently stressed on the first syllable, and hence distinct from accessory n., accessory adj. ( N.E.D. (1884) gives both stress patterns.) Sometimes, especially in legal use, an etymologically-motivated distinction has been drawn between accessary as noun, especially in sense A. 1 (as reflecting post-classical Latin accessarius ), and accessory as adjective (as reflecting post-classical Latin accessorius : see accessory n. and adj.), although accessory is now generally preferred for both, including in legal use. Some recent examples in more casual use (especially in sense A. 2) may be misspellings of accessory. A. n. 1. Of a person: = accessory n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assent > [noun] > one who accessary1451 assentator1531 assentant1562 yea-sayer1584 assenter1634 subscriber1653 assentient1859 assentor1880 society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > one who assists fellowa1382 accessory1414 accessary1451 confederate1495 confederator1536 snapperc1555 complice1581 accomplice?1589 assistor1601 socius criminis1602 fedariea1616 complier1619 particeps criminisa1634 correspondent1639 complicate1662 capper1753 palc1770 partner in crime1831 sidekick1893 side-kicker1894 ram1941 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > subsidiary or contributory help > a subsidiary help > person > in something bad accessory1414 accessary1451 1451 Memorandum of Prosecutions in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 526 Item, to indyte the baly of Swaffham..Heydon, Prentys, of felonye as excercarys. 1470 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 561 J. Pampyng is endyghtyd of felony, and Edmu[n]d Broom as principallys, and ye as axcessary, for schotyng of a gonne. a1500 (a1470) Brut (BL Add. 10099) 517 (MED) To take & bryng him & his Accessaries to þe King. 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. G2^v To prison was I sent as principall, and my master as accessarie. 1620 T. Cooper Cry & Reuenge of Blood 43 Worlich, one of the Accessaries (if not a Principall). 1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 128 He knows very well there are no accessaries in Treason. 1797 Jacob's Law Dict. at Accessary A man may be a principal in an offence in two degrees..he must be certainly guilty, either as principal or accessary..and if principal, then in the first degree, for there is no..superior in the guilt, whom he could aid, abet, or assist. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iv. 129 The moral anomaly of punishing the accessary. 1900 Southeastern Reporter 35 837/2 Lilly insists that, according to the evidence, he was merely an accessary, and Craig, the principal, having been acquitted, he could not be convicted. 1967 Times 22 Feb. 2/3 A shop assistant, of King's Cross, was charged with being an accessary and possessing an offensive weapon. 2008 F. Young Harum Scarum xiv. 103 If anything incriminatory is found you might find yourself charged as an accessary to murder. 2. = accessory n. 2.In early use chiefly of immaterial or abstract things, often as a figurative use of sense A. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [noun] > that which accompanies purtenancea1382 accessory1429 retinue?a1439 accessaryc1475 companion1533 annexe?1541 hanger-ona1555 supply1567 copemate1581 complement1586 fere1593 adjective1597 annexment1604 annexary1605 attendant1607 adherence1610 adjacent1610 wife1616 fellower1620 coincident1626 attendancy1654 associate1658 appanage1663 conjunct1667 perquisite1667 familiar1668 satellite1702 accompaniment1709 accompanying1761 side dish1775 obbligato1825 shadow1830 rider1859 gadget1917 c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 227 (MED) It suffiseth me to haue shewed that money and worldy goodes ben no more than accessaries and seruauntes ai to vertu. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Hh.ij The auctoritie of his office..ought to be his accessarie, and his good lyfe for principall. 1581 W. Charke Replie to Censure sig. Avi This iudge, that..should have censured the matter it self, hath dealt only with certaine accessaries, leauing the principal cause in ful force. 1605 Certaine Demandes Propounded f. 17^v Not onely that great Idoll of the Popish Masse it selfe,..but then also, all relickes, monuments, memorialls and delectable things with their accessaries, appendices, and appurtinances..ought to be cast away. 1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 424 It shews no great reverence to those Sacred Writings, to bring them, though it be but as Accessaries, into Farce and Ridicule. 1766 J. Burrow Rep. Court King's Bench 2 1087 The Interest is an Accessary to the Principal; And He can not bring a new Action for any Interest grown due between the Commencement of his Action, and the Judgement in it. 1854 tr. A. Karr in Fraser's Mag. Feb. 229/1 In order to marry, a husband is required: so he is taken as an accessary, just in the same way as carriages are hired. 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. 1262/2 Padding,..in painting, figures or accessaries not essential to a picture. 1921 Amer. Jrnl. Electrotherapeutics & Radiol. July 293/1 It is self-evident that radium will ultimately be used only an accessary to roentgen therapy. 1976 Texas Monthly Oct. 184/1 (advt.) Complete lines of clothing and accessaries. 2010 Loughborough Echo (Nexis) 11 June 17 Unfortunately, it's only a matter of time until they [sc. youth shelters] become just another playground accessary to be used and abused. B. adj. 1. Chiefly Law. = accessory adj. 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > auxiliary accessary1534 accessory1567 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [adjective] > auxiliary or subsidiary > as assistant to a person > in something bad accessary1534 accessory1567 1534 Prymer in Eng. sig. J.viij Yf thou in the meane ceason were takynge thy pastyme and recreacyon, and sodenly were arested and caste in pryson as accessary of this murther. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. ii. 179 To both their deaths shalt thou be accessary . View more context for this quotation 1609 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet ii. x. f. 66^v Yet in his youth was he accessary to the errour of his years, that he followed the whole sway and stray of youth. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 312 A God's command he pleads, And makes Heav'n accessary to his Deeds. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xix. 45 Don't imagine that I would be accessary to your Ruin for the World. 1792 York Herald 30 June Mr. Samuel Montgomery..was..charged with being accessary to the death of Mr. Gustavus Nicholas Frizell. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. i. 33 Both houses of parliament were commonly made accessary to the legal murders of this [sc. Henry VIII's] reign. 1872 Nation (N.Y.) 4 July 2/2 Another..wanted to know if a man was a fit candidate for the Presidency who..was accessary to the purloining of a gentleman's private letters. 1920 C. B. De Mille Royal Mounted iv. 79 You don't seem to realize it means degradation for you, with fifteen or twenty years' hard labor. Do you know you've made yourself accessary to a murder. 2. Of a thing: = accessory adj. 1.Now chiefly in scientific and technical use. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > non-essential accidental1387 casual1398 incident1523 accidentary?1549 accessarya1555 chanceablea1557 accessory1563 circumstant1583 advenient1594 adventive1605 adventitial1607 circumstantial1608 contingent1628 adventious1633 incidental1644 accessional1646 contingential1647 non-essential1647 extra-essential1667 attachable1798 dividuous1816 inessential1832 peripheral1902 a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 125 Haukyng and huntyng is but an accessarye thynge. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. xi. 80 The Piller..is considered with two accessarie parts, a pedestall or base, and a chapter or head, the body is the shaft. 1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iii. 38 Foundations which were good in their original institution ought not to be destroyed for accessary abuses. 1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 29 The Oath being accessary to the Statutes. 1730 W. Bohun Law of Tithes ix. 379 Because they have Jurisdiction of the Original Cause, they shall have Power to try that which is Accessary arising thereupon. 1774 E. Pendleton Let. 4 May in Lett. & Papers (1967) I. 85 Was there ever an instance of a court so degrading the purpose of their institution as to make fees the primary consideration of their sitting, which is only a shadow or accessary consequence. 1829 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. July 268 The accessary proposition is, that the greatest aggregate of happiness must always include the happiness of the greatest number. 1853 Chemist 4 359/2 There is a custom of mingling with the common salt..a small quantity of oxide of iron obtained as an accessary product in certain metallurgical operations. 1908 Central States Med. Monitor 15 Feb. 431/2 Infection entering the cranium through the gateway of an accessary air space. 1966 Kew Bull. 20 420 I will now give some examples in which data from various accessary disciplines have resulted in clarification of taxonomic problems in the family. 2002 Competition Sci. Vision July 720/2 The gills carry gaseous exchange with water during swimming and serves [sic] as an accessary respiratory organ. Phrases P1. accessary before the fact n. Law = accessory before the fact n. at accessory n. and adj. Phrases 1. ΚΠ ?1569 T. Norton Warnyng agaynst Papistes sig. G.ii They had newes of the late horrible murder ere it were done, as if they had ben accessaries before the fact. 1659 W. Greenwood Βουλευτηριον 326 If any one procure or command another to commit the felony, though he be not present when it is perpetrated, he is said to be an accessary before the fact. 1780 M. Madan Thelyphthora I. v. 393 The husband, by causing her to do it, is particeps criminis, as an accessary before the fact. 1850 Michigan Farmer Feb. 39/1 Wake up, gentlemen, and prove that you are not accessaries before the fact, by encouraging the farmer, yourselves among the rest, to raise fat mutton. 1921 Blackwood's Mag. Mar. 395/2 The Germans would never believe that she had not been an accessary before the fact. 2008 Courier Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 18 Dec. 21 Mohammed was found guilty of being an accessary before the fact. P2. accessary after the fact n. Law = accessory after the fact n. at accessory n. and adj. Phrases 2. ΚΠ 1633 T. Nash Quaternio 7 You are Accessaries after the fact to these misdemeanors, you harbour and resette those men. 1769 S. P. Adye Treat. Courts Martial ii. iii. 64 The Acquital, of a Man as a Principal is no bar to a subsequent prosecution against him as an Accessary after the fact. 1854 J. R. Lowell in Poet. Wks. John Keats p. xii There is always some one willing to make himself a sort of accessary after the fact in any success. 1904 F. Hume Mandarin's Fan xviii. 208 He gave the tie to Forge and said nothing about it at the inquest, so that makes him an accessary after the fact. 2009 Kalgoorlie (Austral.) Miner (Nexis) 22 July 4 Moran, 64, was to apply for bail in the Melbourne Magistrates' Court yesterday on the lesser charge of being an accessary after the fact. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1451
随便看	to put out of misery to put out of one's head to put out of one's pain to put out of out of one's mind to put out of pain to put out of state to put out of the gate to put out of the way to put out of wages to put out one's fins to put out or set forth a waff to put out to grass to put out to lease to put out to mast to put out to nurse to put out to pasture to put over to put over a fast one to put paid to to put paid to the account of to put past to put pen to paper to put plead the béal bocht to put pressure on to put provision to