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单词 bein
释义

beinadj.adv.

/biːn/
Forms: Middle English–1600s bene, Middle English–1500s beene, (Scottish) beyne, beine, 1700s–1800s bien, bein, 1800s been.
Etymology: Of unknown derivation: the spellings bein, bien, are merely modern Scottish ways of writing been, the regular representation of Middle English bene; the latter rhymed with words in ē, < Old English é or eo, but no Old English *bén, *béne, *beon is found or etymologically accounted for. The phonetic history shows that the word cannot be connected with Old Norse beinn , to which, in its figurative sense of ‘hospitable,’ some have plausibly referred it; that word duly survives in northern English as bain n.2 Others have turned to the Latin bene or French bien well; but it is not intelligible how either of these could have been adopted in English as an adjective, which appears to have been the earlier use of bene.
Obsolete except dialect.
A. adj.
1. Pleasant, genial, kindly; ‘nice.’ (Latin amœnus, almus, benignus.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adjective]
winsomea900
sweetc900
likingeOE
i-quemec950
lieflyOE
winlyOE
hereOE
thankfulc1000
merryOE
queemc1175
beina1200
willea1200
leesomec1200
savouryc1225
estea1250
i-wilc1275
winc1275
welcomea1300
doucea1350
well-pleasingc1350
acceptablea1382
pleasablea1382
pleasanta1382
pleaseda1382
acceptedc1384
amiablec1384
well-likinga1387
queemfulc1390
flattering1393
pleasinga1398
well-queeminga1400
comelyc1400
farrandc1400
greable1401
goodlyc1405
amicable?a1425
placablec1429
amene1433
winful1438
listyc1440
dulcet1445
agreeablec1450
favourousc1485
sweetly?a1500
pleasureful?c1502
dulcea1513
grate1523
prettya1529
plausible1541
jolly1549
dulcoratec1550
toothsome1551
pleasurable1557
tickling1558
suavec1560
amenous1567
odoriferous?1575
perfumed1580
glada1586
tickle1593
pleasurous1595
favoursome1601
dulcean1606
gratifying1611
Hyblaean1614
gratulatea1616
arrident1616
solacefula1618
pleasantable1619
placid1628
contentsome1632
sapid1640
canny1643
gustful1647
peramene1657
pergrateful1657
tastefula1659
complacent1660
placentiousa1661
gratifactorya1665
bland1667
suavious1669
palatable1683
placent1683
complaisant1710
nice1747
tasty1796
sweetsome1799
titbit1820
connate1836
cunning1843
mooi1850
gemütlich1852
sympathique1859
congenial1878
sympathetic1900
sipid1908
onkus1910
sympathisch1911
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective]
mildeOE
blitheOE
goodOE
well-willingOE
beina1200
goodfulc1275
blithefula1300
faira1300
benignc1320
gainc1330
sweetc1330
kinda1333
propicec1350
well-willeda1382
well-disposeda1393
well-hearteda1393
well-willinga1393
friendsomea1400
well-willya1400
charitablec1405
well-willed1417
good-heartedc1425
kindlyc1425
honeyed1435
propitious1440
affectuousc1441
willya1449
homelyc1450
benevolous1470
benigned1470
benevolent1482
favourousc1485
well-meaned1488
well-meaning1498
humanec1500
favourablec1503
affectionatea1516
well-mindedc1522
beneficial1526
propiciant1531
benignate1533
well-intendeda1535
beneficious1535
kind-hearted1535
well-given1535
affectioned1539
well-wishing1548
figgy?1549
good-meaning1549
affectedc1553
affectionated1561
well-natured1561
well-affected?1563
officious1565
well-inclined1569
good-natured1582
partial1587
graceful?1593
well-intentioned1598
beneficent1616
candid1633
kindlike1637
benefic1641
kindly-hearted1762
well-meant1765
benignanta1782
sweet-hearted1850
a1200 Moral Ode 170 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 32 Læte we þe brode stret, & þe wei bene.
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 418 Þy bounte of de~bonerte & þy bene grace.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2475 Gawayn on blonk ful bene To þe kyngeȝ burȝ buskeȝ bolde.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 110 Bonkez bene of beryl bryȝt.
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Lion & Mouse l. 1346 in Poems (1981) 55 On sleip I fell amang thir bewis bene.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. x. 108 In soft bene medowis by cleir strandis..Our habitatioun is.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. v. 36 Into sum benar realm and warm cuntre.
1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados ix. xi. 41 Beside the bene riuere, Achises grow.
2. Comfortable, comfortably furnished.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > physical comfort > [adjective] > snug or comfortable (of places)
lithe1488
lowna1522
bein1533
close1571
snod1695
snugging1701
snugc1718
tosie1720
canny1737
cosy1786
fiel1792
snuggish1818
familyish1824
nest-like1864
hygge1963
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) 401 Somer fowlis, quhilkis flies, als sone as hervist cummis, to sum bene hous or secrete hollis.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus ii. f. 20 Thair riche array, and thair habillement..So bene, so big, and so Auripotent.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd i. i Were your bien rooms as thinly stock'd as mine.
1801 H. Macneill Poet. Wks. II. 43 A bein house to bide in, a chaise for to ride in.
1829 W. Scott Antiquary (new ed.) II. xxiv. 336 This is a gey bein place, and it's a comfort to hae sic a corner to sit in.
1837 R. Nicoll Poems (1843) 141 To make our bien but-house his chaumer.
3.
a. Of persons: Comfortable, well-to-do, well off.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > wealth > [adjective] > well-off
wellc1405
sufficient1436
full?1483
suffisant1484
beina1525
warmc1571
well-breeched1571
meaned1605
well-meaned1605
well-lined1611
substanced?1614
well-circumstanced1643
forehanded1658
uppish1678
easy1701
brownstone1780
forehand1784
solid1788
well-to-do1794
snug1801
strong farmer1802
well-fixed1822
unindigent1830
well off1842
fixed1844
comfortably offc1850
heeled1871
well-heeled1871
well in1888
independent1893
a1525 Thre Prestis of Peblis (Asloan) (1920) 6 Syne in ane hall..He herberit all his Burgesss riche & bene.
1603 Philotus xi. sig. A4v He wantis na jewels claith nor waith, Bot is baith big and beine.
1786 R. Burns Poems 142 The Great-folk..That live sae bien an' snug.
1816 W. Scott Old Mortality viii, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 166 If we're no sae bein and comfortable as we were up yonder, yet life's life ony gate.
1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd II. iv. i. 8 A motherly-looking personage, not unlike a bein Scotch wife.
b. Of a horse: Well fed, lazy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > sloth or laziness > [adjective]
sweerc725
foridledc1230
idlea1300
faintc1325
recrayed1340
slewful1340
nicea1398
sleuthya1400
delicate?c1400
sleuthfulc1400
slothfulc1400
sloth1412
lurdanc1480
luskinga1500
luskish15..
droning1509
bumbard?a1513
slottery1513
desidiousa1540
lazy1549
slovening1549
truanta1550
sleuth1567
litherly1573
truantly1579
dronish1580
lubberly1580
truant-like1583
shiftless1584
sluggard1594
fat1598
lusky1604
sweatless1606
clumse1611
easeful1611
loselly1611
do-littlea1613
sluggardisha1627
pigritious1638
drony1653
murcid1656
thokisha1682
shammockinga1704
indolent1710
huddroun1721
nothing-doing1724
desidiose1727
lusk1775
slack-twisted1794
sweert1817
bone-lazya1825
lurgy1828
straight-backed1830
do-nothing1832
slobbish1833
bone idle1836
slouch1837
lotophagous1841
shammocky1841
bein1847
thoky1847
lotus-eating1852
fainéant1855
sluggardly1865
lazy-boned1875
do-naught1879
easy-going1879
lazyish1892
slobbed1962
1847 E. C. Gaskell Sexton's Hero in Howitt's Jrnl. II. 151/1 The old mare..was a deal beener than she was in the morning.
4. In thieves' cant [perhaps distinct from the preceding senses, and immediately < Latin bene or French bien] : Good. bene bowse n. good drink. bene-bowsie adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [adjective]
goodOE
winlyOE
snella1000
winc1275
boonc1325
cleana1375
tidya1375
positivea1398
comelyc1400
kindc1400
kindly?a1425
well-formeda1425
trim?a1513
wally?a1513
bonnya1525
delicatea1533
goodlike1562
sappy1563
bein1567
rum1567
benedict1576
warrantable1581
true (also good, sure) as touch1590
goodlisomea1603
respectable1603
clever1738
amusing1753
plummy1787
bone1793
brickish1843
mooi1850
ryebuck1859
spandy1868
greatisha1871
healthy1878
popular1884
beefy1903
onkus1910
quies1919
cushty1929
high-powered1969
not shabby1975
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > types or qualities of intoxicating liquor > [noun] > good
bene bowse1567
rum bouse1567
nippitatum1576
rum booze1688
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk
fordrunkenc897
drunkena1050
cup-shottenc1330
drunka1400
inebriate1497
overseenc1500
liquor1509
fou1535
nase?1536
full1554
intoxicate1554
tippled1564
intoxicated1576
pepst1577
overflown1579
whip-cat1582
pottical1586
cup-shota1593
fox-drunk1592
lion-drunk1592
nappy1592
sack-sopped1593
in drink1598
disguiseda1600
drink-drowned1600
daggeda1605
pot-shotten1604
tap-shackled1604
high1607
bumpsy1611
foxed1611
in one's cups1611
liquored1611
love-pot1611
pot-sick1611
whift1611
owl-eyed1613
fapa1616
hota1616
inebriated1615
reeling ripea1616
in one's (or the) pots1618
scratched1622
high-flown?1624
pot-shot1627
temulentive1628
ebrious1629
temulent1629
jug-bitten1630
pot-shaken1630
toxed1635
bene-bowsiea1637
swilled1637
paid1638
soaken1651
temulentious1652
flagonal1653
fuddled1656
cut1673
nazzy1673
concerned1678
whittled1694
suckey1699
well-oiled1701
tippeda1708
tow-row1709
wet1709
swash1711
strut1718
cocked1737
cockeyed1737
jagged1737
moon-eyed1737
rocky1737
soaked1737
soft1737
stewed1737
stiff1737
muckibus1756
groggy1770
muzzeda1788
muzzya1795
slewed1801
lumpy1810
lushy1811
pissed1812
blue1813
lush1819
malty1819
sprung1821
three sheets in the wind1821
obfuscated1822
moppy1823
ripe1823
mixed1825
queer1826
rosined1828
shot in the neck1830
tight1830
rummy1834
inebrious1837
mizzled1840
obflisticated1840
grogged1842
pickled1842
swizzled1843
hit under the wing1844
obfusticatedc1844
ebriate1847
pixilated1848
boozed1850
ploughed1853
squiffy?1855
buffy1858
elephant trunk1859
scammered1859
gassed1863
fly-blown1864
rotten1864
shot1864
ebriose1871
shicker1872
parlatic1877
miraculous1879
under the influence1879
ginned1881
shickered1883
boiled1886
mosy1887
to be loaded for bear(s)1888
squiffeda1890
loaded1890
oversparred1890
sozzled1892
tanked1893
orey-eyed1895
up the (also a) pole1897
woozy1897
toxic1899
polluted1900
lit-up1902
on (also upon) one's ear1903
pie-eyed1903
pifflicated1905
piped1906
spiflicated1906
jingled1908
skimished1908
tin hat1909
canned1910
pipped1911
lit1912
peloothered1914
molo1916
shick1916
zigzag1916
blotto1917
oiled-up1918
stung1919
stunned1919
bottled1922
potted1922
rotto1922
puggled1923
puggle1925
fried1926
crocked1927
fluthered1927
lubricated1927
whiffled1927
liquefied1928
steamed1929
mirackc1930
overshot1931
swacked1932
looped1934
stocious1937
whistled1938
sauced1939
mashed1942
plonked1943
stone1945
juiced1946
buzzed1952
jazzed1955
schnockered1955
honkers1957
skunked1958
bombed1959
zonked1959
bevvied1960
mokus1960
snockered1961
plotzed1962
over the limit1966
the worse for wear1966
wasted1968
wired1970
zoned1971
blasted1972
Brahms and Liszt?1972
funked up1976
trousered1977
motherless1980
tired and emotional1981
ratted1982
rat-arsed1984
wazzed1990
mullered1993
twatted1993
bollocksed1994
lashed1996
1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Eiv Sell it out right (for bene bowse at their bowsing ken).
1608 T. Dekker Lanthorne & Candle-light sig. B4v And cut benar whiddes: and speake better words.
a1637 B. Jonson Masque of Gypsies 90 in tr. Horace Art of Poetry (1640) You must be beane-bowzy, And sleepy and drouzy.
a1640 J. Fletcher et al. Beggers Bush iii. iv, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ll4/1 I crowne thy nab, with a gag of benbouse.
1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew ii. sig. F3 For all this bene Cribbing and Peck let us then, Bowse a health to the Gentry Cofe of the Ken.
1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew ii. sig. F4v This is Bien Bowse, this is Bien Bowse, Too little is my Skew.
1834 New Dict. Canting Crew Bene cove, a good fellow.
B. adv.
Pleasantly, genially, kindly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adverb]
sweetlyc900
queemlyOE
lustly971
winlyc1000
sootlya1125
to (a person's) queemc1175
lustilya1225
avenantlya1375
pleasinglya1398
queema1400
beinc1400
farrandlyc1400
pleasantlyc1400
pleasantlya1425
queemfullyc1425
thankfullyc1480
greablyc1500
dulcely1508
dulcea1525
pleasant1553
agreeably?1567
pleasurably1580
sugarly1587
flattering1597
sweet1597
attractively1640
well-pleasingly1645
welcomely1646
flatteringly1661
relishingly1677
satisfyingly1743
sweetsome1799
smilingly1806
dulcetly1810
gratifyingly1822
honeyedly1832
enjoyably1877
suavely1883
congenially1884
a fair treat1884
c1400 Anturs Arth. vi A lefe sale, Of box and of barbere byggyt ful bene.
c1400 Anturs Arth. xxix Beten with besandus, and bocult ful bene.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xiii. ix. 76 And full beyne [1553 bene] Tawcht thame to grub the wynis.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

beinv.

/biːn/
Etymology: < bein adj.
Obsolete.
To make ‘bein’; to furnish bounteously, to fill. (Latin locupletare.)
ΚΠ
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Preaching of Swallow l. 1686 in Poems (1981) 66 Haruest hait, quhen Ceres, that goddes, Hir barnis benit hes with abundance.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

> see also

also refers to : be-inn.
<
adj.adv.a1200v.?a1500
see also
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