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单词 photosensitize
释义

photosensitizev.

Brit. /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɛnsᵻtʌɪz/, U.S. /ˌfoʊdəˈsɛnsəˌtaɪz/
Forms: 1900s– photosensitise, 1900s– photosensitize.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: photo- comb. form, sensitize v.
Etymology: < photo- comb. form + sensitize v. Compare slightly earlier photosensitized adj., photosensitizer n.
1. transitive. Chemistry and Biochemistry. Of a substance: to initiate (a chemical change) by absorbing light energy and transferring it to a reactant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [verb (transitive)] > photosensitize
photosensitize1914
1914 [see photosensitizing n. and adj. at Derivatives].
1927 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 49 2763 (heading) Hydrogen peroxide formation photosensitized by mercury vapor.
1928 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 121 297 Uranyl ion has..been found to photosensitize the decomposition of glucose in solution.
1966 F. T. Gucker & R. L. Seifert Physical Chem. (1967) xxiii. 722 The dissociation of hydrogen molecules into atoms requires..a quantum of wavelength 2770 Å. Hydrogen molecules do not absorb light of this wavelength, but mercury atoms, which absorb light at 2536·52 Å, have plenty of energy to photosensitize the formation of hydrogen atoms.
1997 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 12320/2 The ability of the quinone to photosensitize DNA damage by electron transfer.
2. transitive. To make photosensitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [verb (transitive)] > stimulate or make responsive to
photoactivate1926
photosensitize1933
photostimulate1952
1933 Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers 73 441/2 The mosaic..is composed of a very large number of minute silver globules, each of which is photo-sensitized by cæsium through utilization of a special process.
1941 Nature 10 May 581/2 Carcinogenic hydrocarbons in very low concentration are able to photosensitize Paramecia.
1977 J. L. Harper Population Biol. Plants xvii. 503 The plant is a serious weed..because it photosensitizes the skin of white-skinned animals.
1999 Ca (Nexis) 1 Nov. 30 Similar advisories are necessary for patients receiving radiation, as some herbs photosensitize the skin and cause severe reactions.

Derivatives

photoˈsensitizing n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [noun] > sensitivity to > making sensitive
photosensitizing1914
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [adjective] > of chemical action of light > sensitizing or sensitized
photosensitizing1914
photosensitized1931
1914 S. E. Sheppard Photo-chem. xi. 435 The photochemical sensitiveness of dye-stuffs..depends in part upon the formation of a specific adsorption-complex of the dye with the substance sensitized. This photosensitizing is of considerable interest.
1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 406 There are indications that urchins can be induced to cover by injecting photo-sensitizing dyes.
1993 Jrnl. Investigative Dermatol. 101 329 Doxycycline (DOTC) is a photosensitizing drug whose mechanism of phototoxicity is complicated by the large variety of stable photoproducts formed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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