phthaniten.

Brit.

/ˈ(f)θanʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈθænˌaɪt/

Forms: 1800s phthanyte, 1800s– phtanite, 1800s– phthanite.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French phtanite.

Etymology: < French phtanite (1819 or earlier; now phthanite ) < ancient Greek ϕθάνειν to anticipate (of unknown origin) + French -ite -ite suffix¹, so named (according to R. J. Haüy Traité de minéral. (ed. 2, 1822) IV. 546) ‘because its thick schistoid texture and argillaceous character seem to announce beforehand its passage into schist’ (‘parce que sa texture schistoïde épaisse et son caractère argileux semblent annoncer d'avance son passage au schiste’). Compare Italian ftanite (1819).The form phthanyte (quot. 1868) reflects Dana's convention of using -yte for rock names (as distinct from -ite in mineral names).

Geology.

A compact cryptocrystalline siliceous rock, usually containing some graphite and argillaceous material (clay).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > other metamorphics

quartzite1823

mica-schist1826

amphibolite1833

hornfels1854

phthanite1854

hornblendite1874

psammite1882

tourmaline-rock1882

tourmaline-schist1882

jasperoid1898

skarn1901

metagabbro1904

metabasite1907

verdite1908

rodingite1911

siallite1933

tonstein1961

greenlandite1981

1854 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 4) 148 Phthanite..is a flinty fissile rock, gray, black or greenish.

1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 195 Cryptocrystalline Varieties [of Quartz]..13. Basanite, Lydian Stone or Touchstone, a velvety black siliceous stone..passes into a compact fissile, siliceous, or flinty rock, of grayish and other colors, called siliceous slate, and also Phthanyte.

1893 Amer. Naturalist 27 149 The fossils occur in a fine siliceous matrix (phtanite) associated with fragments of graphite.

1905 Amer. Anthropologist 7 446 Natural flakes of phthanite, each provided with a sharp margin.

1958 S. J. De Laet Low Countries iv. 68 Very typical of the Omalian are the implements made of hard or volcanic rock (phtanite, tephrite, trachyte, basalt, etc.) which are polished, in contrast to the flint artefacts.

1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) x. 230 Similar deposits [of ‘spicular ooze’] among the stratified rocks have passed into cherts (or phthanites), the spicules becoming cemented by a secondary deposit of chalcedony into a very hard rock.

1989 Jrnl. Field Archaeol. 16 162/2 The dominant raw material for such adzes was phtanite, the source of which is located 65 km to the west.

1999 Jrnl. Field Archaeol. 26 317/2 Stone flakes, mostly of phthanite, quartz, rock crystal, and red jasper, were discovered in all the test pits.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	phthanite
释义	phthaniten. Brit. /ˈ(f)θanʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈθænˌaɪt/ Forms: 1800s phthanyte, 1800s– phtanite, 1800s– phthanite. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French phtanite. Etymology: < French phtanite (1819 or earlier; now phthanite ) < ancient Greek ϕθάνειν to anticipate (of unknown origin) + French -ite -ite suffix¹, so named (according to R. J. Haüy Traité de minéral. (ed. 2, 1822) IV. 546) ‘because its thick schistoid texture and argillaceous character seem to announce beforehand its passage into schist’ (‘parce que sa texture schistoïde épaisse et son caractère argileux semblent annoncer d'avance son passage au schiste’). Compare Italian ftanite (1819).The form phthanyte (quot. 1868) reflects Dana's convention of using -yte for rock names (as distinct from -ite in mineral names). Geology. A compact cryptocrystalline siliceous rock, usually containing some graphite and argillaceous material (clay). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > other metamorphics quartzite1823 mica-schist1826 amphibolite1833 hornfels1854 phthanite1854 hornblendite1874 psammite1882 tourmaline-rock1882 tourmaline-schist1882 jasperoid1898 skarn1901 metagabbro1904 metabasite1907 verdite1908 rodingite1911 siallite1933 tonstein1961 greenlandite1981 1854 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 4) 148 Phthanite..is a flinty fissile rock, gray, black or greenish. 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 195 Cryptocrystalline Varieties [of Quartz]..13. Basanite, Lydian Stone or Touchstone, a velvety black siliceous stone..passes into a compact fissile, siliceous, or flinty rock, of grayish and other colors, called siliceous slate, and also Phthanyte. 1893 Amer. Naturalist 27 149 The fossils occur in a fine siliceous matrix (phtanite) associated with fragments of graphite. 1905 Amer. Anthropologist 7 446 Natural flakes of phthanite, each provided with a sharp margin. 1958 S. J. De Laet Low Countries iv. 68 Very typical of the Omalian are the implements made of hard or volcanic rock (phtanite, tephrite, trachyte, basalt, etc.) which are polished, in contrast to the flint artefacts. 1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) x. 230 Similar deposits [of ‘spicular ooze’] among the stratified rocks have passed into cherts (or phthanites), the spicules becoming cemented by a secondary deposit of chalcedony into a very hard rock. 1989 Jrnl. Field Archaeol. 16 162/2 The dominant raw material for such adzes was phtanite, the source of which is located 65 km to the west. 1999 Jrnl. Field Archaeol. 26 317/2 Stone flakes, mostly of phthanite, quartz, rock crystal, and red jasper, were discovered in all the test pits. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1854
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