pickaxepickaxn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpɪkaks/, U.S.

/ˈpɪkˌæks/

Forms:

α. Middle English pecas, Middle English pekeis, Middle English pekkece, Middle English peyckes, Middle English picas, Middle English pikais, Middle English pikees, Middle English pikens (transmission error), Middle English pikes, Middle English pikeys, Middle English pikkeys, Middle English pykas, Middle English pykays, Middle English pykeys, Middle English pykeyse, Middle English–1500s pykes, 1500s pycas; English regional (Devon and Somerset) 1600s 1800s– peckice, 1800s peckiss, 1800s– peckis, 1800s– pickice, 1800s– pickis; N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English pykeis.

β. Middle English pecoyse, Middle English pekoys, Middle English pickoss, Middle English pickoys, Middle English picoise, Middle English picos, Middle English picoyc, Middle English picoys, Middle English pikcoyse, Middle English pikoise, Middle English pikoys, Middle English pikoyse, Middle English pycois, Middle English pycoise, Middle English pycors (plural, in a late copy, transmission error), Middle English pycos, Middle English pycoss, Middle English pycows, Middle English pycoys, Middle English pycoyse, Middle English pykois, Middle English pykoise, Middle English pykos, Middle English pykoss, Middle English pykowis (plural), Middle English pykoys, Middle English pyquoys; N.E.D. (1906) also records forms Middle English picois, Middle English picoss, Middle English pykoyse.

γ. late Middle English pecax, late Middle English pekex, late Middle English pickex, late Middle English pyke exe, late Middle English–1600s pykax, late Middle English–1600s pykeaxe, 1500s pikaxce, 1500s pikeax, 1500s pycaxse, 1500s pyckaxe, 1500s pyckeaxe, 1500s–1600s pickeax, 1500s–1600s pickeaxe, 1500s– peckaxe, 1500s– pickax (now chiefly U.S.), 1600s– pickaxe, 1800s– pickex (English regional (Devon and Somerset)); N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English picaxse.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pikeis, picois.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pikeis, picheise, picois, pichois, picoise and Old French, Middle French, French regional (Normandy) picois pickaxe (second half of the 12th cent.) < pic pickaxe (see pike n.¹) + a suffix of uncertain origin. Compare post-classical Latin picoisa (frequently 1167–1328 in British sources), picosia , picosium (frequently 1157–1318 in British sources). The γ. forms represent a reanalysis by folk etymology as if < pick n.¹ or pike n.¹ (or probably also peck n.², although this is first attested later) + axe n.¹; compare post-classical Latin hachia ad picum, hachia ad picam, hachia cum pik' (all 13th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman hache a pyk (1300), all in sense ‘pickaxe’.In Middle English frequently unchanged in the plural.

A. n.

A tool consisting of a long shaft set at right angles to a curved metal head with a point at one end, used for breaking up hard ground, splitting rock, etc.; a pick (see pick n.¹ 2a, 2c). Formerly also: †a mattock (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > digging or lifting tools > [noun] > pick

mattockeOE

pickaxe1256

billc1325

pikec1330

pickc1350

peak1454

picker1481

peck1485

beele1671

pix1708

tramp-pick1813

jackass pick1874

mad mick1919

α.

1256 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) xxi. 333 (MED) [For sharpening and mending] picas [and] crawes.

c1356 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 284 (MED) [5] pikeyses, [7 carpenter's axes..3] twybilles.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 941 (MED) Mattok is a pykeys, Or a pyke, as sum men seys.

c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) 387 Every man Shulde withe Pikeys or with bille The Wallis over throwe.

a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xxxv. f. xxxi^v/1 He founde neyther pykeys ne shouel for to make a pytt or graue.

1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 150 A pykas & ij pyles shoue weying xiij lb.

a1529 J. Skelton Poems against Garnesche in Poet Wks. (1843) I. 122 A pykes or a twybyll.

1661–2 in R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland (1891) 62 Pd Peter Wakely for new makeing the Peckice which belongs to the Church 1s. 2d.

1853 G. P. R. Pulman Rustic Sketches in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 487/2 Wi' shoulder'd shule and peckiss.

1887 E. C. Dawson Life Bp. Hannington vi At 7 a.m. we all turned out with pickisses, two-bills, crowbars and spades.

β. 1279 in Archæologia Cantiana (1876) 10 324 (MED) ij tribul, j picoyc, j Weftre.1329–30 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 17 j pykoys..emend. pykoss molend., 5 d.c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) Joel iii. 10 Bete..ȝour plowis in to swerdis and ȝour pikoysis or mattokis in to speris.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. iii. 307 (MED) Eche man to pleye with a plow, pykoys [v.r. pikeys; c1400 C text v.r. pikcoyse], or spade. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 1153 Yet tolis mo, The mattok, twibil, picoys forth to go.a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 627 (MED) Pycows [glossing ligo].?a1500 (?1458) in J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. (1859) III. ii. 42 The peple preved her power with the pecoyse [rhyme noyse].γ. 1428 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 189 (MED) Also for stor..in..pecaxes, schofflez.c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 265 But now schal I telle ȝow of þe howe or a pek-ex wherwyth ȝe muste stubbe out þe grauel.1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxviii. 581 We shall take eche of vs a pykeaxe.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 254/1 Picke axe, picq, hoiau, pique de fer.1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India 332 Twelve labourers with pikeaxes and shovels.1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. iii. i. f. 79^v The Spade and Pickaxe, grosse feeding and labour, do quench all sensuall and fleshly concupiscences.1682 Loyal London Mercury 20–3 Sept. 2/1 Divers vessels are fitted out with all sorts of Warlike Ammunition, as Pickaxes, Spades, Shovels.1767 ‘A. Barton’ Disappointment i. vii. 31 Feel how I'll work, wid my peck axe and spade, For shure I was nurs'd to the turf cutting trade.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 138 Solid rock, so hard and so thick, as to bid defiance to the pick-axes and the mattocks of our labourers.1833 J. Davidson Brit. & Rom. Remains Axminster 82 A stroke of his pickaxe broke an urn which contained a number of Roman coins.1898 H. G. Wells War of Worlds i. iii. 22 Going to the edge of the pit, I found it occupied by a group of about half a dozen men..with several workmen wielding spades and pickaxes.1955 V. Nabokov Annotated Lolita i. xi. 73 It [sc. the lake] was glazed over with a sheet of emerald ice, and a pockmarked Eskimo was trying in vain to break it with a pickaxe.1970 A. K. Armah Fragments 28 His weapon..was a pickax with a handle made lean in the middle but thickening toward the ends to fit the hole in the metal head.2002 R. Mistry Family Matters (2003) vii. 154 The ditch was being dug with pickaxes and spades, the rubble carried away in baskets on women's heads.

B. adj. (attributive) .

Resembling or suggestive of a pickaxe. (Applied esp. to the bill or beak of a bird.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [adjective] > having beak or bill > of particular shape > of particular shape (of beak)

pickaxe1614

grypanian1879

1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia iv. 137 Though dig'd & pierc'd with pick-axe bils.

1835 R. Mant Brit. Months x. 378 The little Nuthatch. But the skill And vigour of his pick-axe bill.

1895 R. Kipling Second Jungle Bk. 108 The things his pick-axe beak might steal.

1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood iv. 156 The wary loon..prepared to defend himself by slowly..drawing back his long pickaxe bill.

1978 A. Mitchell Heart on Left (1997) 211 I peck away with my pick-axe beak.

2002 Sunday Times (Nexis) 17 Feb. A giant stork that is as tall as a man, with a pickaxe beak and a swollen black-and-crimson neck.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and parasynthetic.

pickaxe-beaked adj.

ΚΠ

1882 Gardeners' Chron. 17 25 The pickaxe-beaked starling.

pickaxe handle n.

ΚΠ

1771 in J. Phillips Gen. Hist. Inland Navigation (1792) xiii. 339 The proposed contract..for supplying the company with..shovel and pick-axe handles at five-pence each.

1840 Appendix Jrnl. House of Assembly Upper Canada 1 571 Paid Thomas Black, for seven pick axe handles.

1934 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 64 U29 (caption) A coup-de-poing is seen in place near the end of the pick-axe handle.

2000 T. Carew Jihad! (2001) i. 23 Walking round the barracks clutching a pick-axe handle for protection.

pickaxe work n.

ΚΠ

a1677 R. Bellings in J. T. Gilbert Hist. Irish Confederation (1882) i. 47 A part of the wall..soe rotten that it was but easy pickaxe worke to peirce it.

1744 M. Cary Serm. preached at Christ-Church, Dublin 41 They levelled as much rough Ground (it being a Nusance to the school) all Pickaxe work, as took ten Boys a Day, for forty-one Days.

1998 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 25 June 3 With vivid traces of pickaxe work still evident, the trenches have been preserved as they were.

C2.

† pickaxe team n. Obsolete a three-horse team consisting of a pair with a third horse in front; a unicorn team (see unicorn n. 6).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > draught-horse > team of > team of three

unicorn team1856

unicorn1866

pickaxe team1875

1875 C. T. S. B. Reynardson Down the Road 182 Should you come to grief with one of your horses..you must make an ‘unicorn’, or what we used to call a ‘pickaxe team’.

1878 in J. Philipson Harness (1882) 51 I have driven pick~axe teams..but although safer than a tandem, I cannot say I like that single leader.

Derivatives

ˈpickaxe-like adj.

ΚΠ

1854 Littell's Living Age 15 July 135/2 The ant-eater had..these prize-fighter-like arms and pickaxe-like claws.

1994 Boston Globe (Nexis) 28 Aug. b13 The Pulaski, a pickax-like tool that can chop, dig, pry and grade.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pickaxepickaxv.

Brit.

/ˈpɪkaks/, U.S.

/ˈpɪkˌæks/

Forms: 1800s– pickaxe, 1800s– pickax (now chiefly U.S.).

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pickaxe n.

Etymology: < pickaxe n.

1. transitive. To break or work at with a pickaxe. Also with away, down, open, etc. Also figurative and in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > driving or beating tools

strike1340

hammerc1430

maul?1440

riveta1450

calla1522

peena1522

peck1533

mallet1594

beetle1608

pickaxe1800

sledge1816

sledgehammer1834

tack-hammer1865

pin1875

pile-drive1894

staple gun1960

1800 J. Carter in Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 839/2 Whatever was pickaxed down into rubbish was to be carefully preserved.

1803 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 139 Territories pick-axed with impunity.

1825 C. Lamb Let. 20 Jan. (1935) II. 452 Thank you for a noble Goose, which wanted only the massive Encrustation that we used to pick-axe open about this season.

1848 J. R. Lowell Let. 20 Dec. (1894) I. 161 They are..pickaxing and hoeing and shovelling and dredging..my brains, and getting nothing but iron pyrites.

1887 W. P. Frith Autobiogr. II. 83 The workmen..pickaxing away the lava and ashes.

1937 Times 18 Mar. 12/2 Good buildings and excellent town-planned areas..are ruthlessly pickaxed away.

1978 P. Grace Mutuwhenua xx. 139 The men at work pick-axed rock and lifted slabs of road with juddering drills.

1992 Earth July 8/2 To clear the blockage, workers had to pick-axe chunks of muck, then load buckets to be hauled to the surface.

2. intransitive. To work with or use a pickaxe.

ΚΠ

1876 G. Campbell Log Lett. from Challenger iii. 115 We..saw the miners pickaxing and blasting.

1890 Times 3 July 10/6 Will they go on pickaxeing and undermining and digging?

1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 45 Others rushed Over with spades, pick-axing.

2001 Spectator (Hamilton, Ont.) (Nexis) 18 Jan. a1 My friend pick-axed and I shoveled at one home where the second floor had collapsed onto the first.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pickaxe
释义	pickaxepickaxn.adj. Brit. /ˈpɪkaks/, U.S. /ˈpɪkˌæks/ Forms: α. Middle English pecas, Middle English pekeis, Middle English pekkece, Middle English peyckes, Middle English picas, Middle English pikais, Middle English pikees, Middle English pikens (transmission error), Middle English pikes, Middle English pikeys, Middle English pikkeys, Middle English pykas, Middle English pykays, Middle English pykeys, Middle English pykeyse, Middle English–1500s pykes, 1500s pycas; English regional (Devon and Somerset) 1600s 1800s– peckice, 1800s peckiss, 1800s– peckis, 1800s– pickice, 1800s– pickis; N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English pykeis. β. Middle English pecoyse, Middle English pekoys, Middle English pickoss, Middle English pickoys, Middle English picoise, Middle English picos, Middle English picoyc, Middle English picoys, Middle English pikcoyse, Middle English pikoise, Middle English pikoys, Middle English pikoyse, Middle English pycois, Middle English pycoise, Middle English pycors (plural, in a late copy, transmission error), Middle English pycos, Middle English pycoss, Middle English pycows, Middle English pycoys, Middle English pycoyse, Middle English pykois, Middle English pykoise, Middle English pykos, Middle English pykoss, Middle English pykowis (plural), Middle English pykoys, Middle English pyquoys; N.E.D. (1906) also records forms Middle English picois, Middle English picoss, Middle English pykoyse. γ. late Middle English pecax, late Middle English pekex, late Middle English pickex, late Middle English pyke exe, late Middle English–1600s pykax, late Middle English–1600s pykeaxe, 1500s pikaxce, 1500s pikeax, 1500s pycaxse, 1500s pyckaxe, 1500s pyckeaxe, 1500s–1600s pickeax, 1500s–1600s pickeaxe, 1500s– peckaxe, 1500s– pickax (now chiefly U.S.), 1600s– pickaxe, 1800s– pickex (English regional (Devon and Somerset)); N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English picaxse. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pikeis, picois. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pikeis, picheise, picois, pichois, picoise and Old French, Middle French, French regional (Normandy) picois pickaxe (second half of the 12th cent.) < pic pickaxe (see pike n.¹) + a suffix of uncertain origin. Compare post-classical Latin picoisa (frequently 1167–1328 in British sources), picosia , picosium (frequently 1157–1318 in British sources). The γ. forms represent a reanalysis by folk etymology as if < pick n.¹ or pike n.¹ (or probably also peck n.², although this is first attested later) + axe n.¹; compare post-classical Latin hachia ad picum, hachia ad picam, hachia cum pik' (all 13th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman hache a pyk (1300), all in sense ‘pickaxe’.In Middle English frequently unchanged in the plural. A. n. A tool consisting of a long shaft set at right angles to a curved metal head with a point at one end, used for breaking up hard ground, splitting rock, etc.; a pick (see pick n.¹ 2a, 2c). Formerly also: †a mattock (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > digging or lifting tools > [noun] > pick mattockeOE pickaxe1256 billc1325 pikec1330 pickc1350 peak1454 picker1481 peck1485 beele1671 pix1708 tramp-pick1813 jackass pick1874 mad mick1919 α. 1256 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) xxi. 333 (MED) [For sharpening and mending] picas [and] crawes. c1356 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 284 (MED) [5] pikeyses, [7 carpenter's axes..3] twybilles. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 941 (MED) Mattok is a pykeys, Or a pyke, as sum men seys. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) 387 Every man Shulde withe Pikeys or with bille The Wallis over throwe. a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xxxv. f. xxxi^v/1 He founde neyther pykeys ne shouel for to make a pytt or graue. 1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 150 A pykas & ij pyles shoue weying xiij lb. a1529 J. Skelton Poems against Garnesche in Poet Wks. (1843) I. 122 A pykes or a twybyll. 1661–2 in R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland (1891) 62 Pd Peter Wakely for new makeing the Peckice which belongs to the Church 1s. 2d. 1853 G. P. R. Pulman Rustic Sketches in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 487/2 Wi' shoulder'd shule and peckiss. 1887 E. C. Dawson Life Bp. Hannington vi At 7 a.m. we all turned out with pickisses, two-bills, crowbars and spades. β. 1279 in Archæologia Cantiana (1876) 10 324 (MED) ij tribul, j picoyc, j Weftre.1329–30 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 17 j pykoys..emend. pykoss molend., 5 d.c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) Joel iii. 10 Bete..ȝour plowis in to swerdis and ȝour pikoysis or mattokis in to speris.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. iii. 307 (MED) Eche man to pleye with a plow, pykoys [v.r. pikeys; c1400 C text v.r. pikcoyse], or spade. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 1153 Yet tolis mo, The mattok, twibil, picoys forth to go.a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 627 (MED) Pycows [glossing ligo].?a1500 (?1458) in J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. (1859) III. ii. 42 The peple preved her power with the pecoyse [rhyme noyse].γ. 1428 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 189 (MED) Also for stor..in..pecaxes, schofflez.c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 265 But now schal I telle ȝow of þe howe or a pek-ex wherwyth ȝe muste stubbe out þe grauel.1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxviii. 581 We shall take eche of vs a pykeaxe.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 254/1 Picke axe, picq, hoiau, pique de fer.1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India 332 Twelve labourers with pikeaxes and shovels.1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. iii. i. f. 79^v The Spade and Pickaxe, grosse feeding and labour, do quench all sensuall and fleshly concupiscences.1682 Loyal London Mercury 20–3 Sept. 2/1 Divers vessels are fitted out with all sorts of Warlike Ammunition, as Pickaxes, Spades, Shovels.1767 ‘A. Barton’ Disappointment i. vii. 31 Feel how I'll work, wid my peck axe and spade, For shure I was nurs'd to the turf cutting trade.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 138 Solid rock, so hard and so thick, as to bid defiance to the pick-axes and the mattocks of our labourers.1833 J. Davidson Brit. & Rom. Remains Axminster 82 A stroke of his pickaxe broke an urn which contained a number of Roman coins.1898 H. G. Wells War of Worlds i. iii. 22 Going to the edge of the pit, I found it occupied by a group of about half a dozen men..with several workmen wielding spades and pickaxes.1955 V. Nabokov Annotated Lolita i. xi. 73 It [sc. the lake] was glazed over with a sheet of emerald ice, and a pockmarked Eskimo was trying in vain to break it with a pickaxe.1970 A. K. Armah Fragments 28 His weapon..was a pickax with a handle made lean in the middle but thickening toward the ends to fit the hole in the metal head.2002 R. Mistry Family Matters (2003) vii. 154 The ditch was being dug with pickaxes and spades, the rubble carried away in baskets on women's heads. B. adj. (attributive) . Resembling or suggestive of a pickaxe. (Applied esp. to the bill or beak of a bird.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [adjective] > having beak or bill > of particular shape > of particular shape (of beak) pickaxe1614 grypanian1879 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia iv. 137 Though dig'd & pierc'd with pick-axe bils. 1835 R. Mant Brit. Months x. 378 The little Nuthatch. But the skill And vigour of his pick-axe bill. 1895 R. Kipling Second Jungle Bk. 108 The things his pick-axe beak might steal. 1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood iv. 156 The wary loon..prepared to defend himself by slowly..drawing back his long pickaxe bill. 1978 A. Mitchell Heart on Left (1997) 211 I peck away with my pick-axe beak. 2002 Sunday Times (Nexis) 17 Feb. A giant stork that is as tall as a man, with a pickaxe beak and a swollen black-and-crimson neck. Compounds C1. General attributive and parasynthetic. pickaxe-beaked adj. ΚΠ 1882 Gardeners' Chron. 17 25 The pickaxe-beaked starling. pickaxe handle n. ΚΠ 1771 in J. Phillips Gen. Hist. Inland Navigation (1792) xiii. 339 The proposed contract..for supplying the company with..shovel and pick-axe handles at five-pence each. 1840 Appendix Jrnl. House of Assembly Upper Canada 1 571 Paid Thomas Black, for seven pick axe handles. 1934 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 64 U29 (caption) A coup-de-poing is seen in place near the end of the pick-axe handle. 2000 T. Carew Jihad! (2001) i. 23 Walking round the barracks clutching a pick-axe handle for protection. pickaxe work n. ΚΠ a1677 R. Bellings in J. T. Gilbert Hist. Irish Confederation (1882) i. 47 A part of the wall..soe rotten that it was but easy pickaxe worke to peirce it. 1744 M. Cary Serm. preached at Christ-Church, Dublin 41 They levelled as much rough Ground (it being a Nusance to the school) all Pickaxe work, as took ten Boys a Day, for forty-one Days. 1998 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 25 June 3 With vivid traces of pickaxe work still evident, the trenches have been preserved as they were. C2. † pickaxe team n. Obsolete a three-horse team consisting of a pair with a third horse in front; a unicorn team (see unicorn n. 6). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > draught-horse > team of > team of three unicorn team1856 unicorn1866 pickaxe team1875 1875 C. T. S. B. Reynardson Down the Road 182 Should you come to grief with one of your horses..you must make an ‘unicorn’, or what we used to call a ‘pickaxe team’. 1878 in J. Philipson Harness (1882) 51 I have driven pick~axe teams..but although safer than a tandem, I cannot say I like that single leader. Derivatives ˈpickaxe-like adj. ΚΠ 1854 Littell's Living Age 15 July 135/2 The ant-eater had..these prize-fighter-like arms and pickaxe-like claws. 1994 Boston Globe (Nexis) 28 Aug. b13 The Pulaski, a pickax-like tool that can chop, dig, pry and grade. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pickaxepickaxv. Brit. /ˈpɪkaks/, U.S. /ˈpɪkˌæks/ Forms: 1800s– pickaxe, 1800s– pickax (now chiefly U.S.). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pickaxe n. Etymology: < pickaxe n. 1. transitive. To break or work at with a pickaxe. Also with away, down, open, etc. Also figurative and in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > driving or beating tools strike1340 hammerc1430 maul?1440 riveta1450 calla1522 peena1522 peck1533 mallet1594 beetle1608 pickaxe1800 sledge1816 sledgehammer1834 tack-hammer1865 pin1875 pile-drive1894 staple gun1960 1800 J. Carter in Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 839/2 Whatever was pickaxed down into rubbish was to be carefully preserved. 1803 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 139 Territories pick-axed with impunity. 1825 C. Lamb Let. 20 Jan. (1935) II. 452 Thank you for a noble Goose, which wanted only the massive Encrustation that we used to pick-axe open about this season. 1848 J. R. Lowell Let. 20 Dec. (1894) I. 161 They are..pickaxing and hoeing and shovelling and dredging..my brains, and getting nothing but iron pyrites. 1887 W. P. Frith Autobiogr. II. 83 The workmen..pickaxing away the lava and ashes. 1937 Times 18 Mar. 12/2 Good buildings and excellent town-planned areas..are ruthlessly pickaxed away. 1978 P. Grace Mutuwhenua xx. 139 The men at work pick-axed rock and lifted slabs of road with juddering drills. 1992 Earth July 8/2 To clear the blockage, workers had to pick-axe chunks of muck, then load buckets to be hauled to the surface. 2. intransitive. To work with or use a pickaxe. ΚΠ 1876 G. Campbell Log Lett. from Challenger iii. 115 We..saw the miners pickaxing and blasting. 1890 Times 3 July 10/6 Will they go on pickaxeing and undermining and digging? 1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 45 Others rushed Over with spades, pick-axing. 2001 Spectator (Hamilton, Ont.) (Nexis) 18 Jan. a1 My friend pick-axed and I shoveled at one home where the second floor had collapsed onto the first. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1256v.1800
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