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单词 phylactic
释义

phylacticn.

Brit. /fᵻˈlaktɪk/, U.S. /fəˈlæktɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek ϕυλακτικόν.
Etymology: < Hellenistic Greek ϕυλακτικόν medicine serving to preserve health, use as noun of neuter of ancient Greek ϕυλακτικός serving to guard or preserve (see phylactic adj.). Compare phylactic adj.
rare.
A medicinal substance or remedy that protects from disease, toxicity, or infection.In quot. 1711 figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > prophylactic medicine > [noun]
preservativec1425
preservationc1475
prophylactic?1541
preserve1554
preservatory1654
preventive1666
preventative1699
phylactic1711
toxoid1900
1711 G. Cary (title) A physician's phylactic, against a lawyer's venefic: or, An answer to a book, abusively entituled, The rights of the Christian Church asserted.
2002 Transplantation Proc. 34 2671/2 As a result, elastase in the inflammatory lesion disrupts proteins, acting as a biological phylactic.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

phylacticadj.

Brit. /fᵻˈlaktɪk/, U.S. /fəˈlæktɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek ϕυλακτικός.
Etymology: < ancient Greek ϕυλακτικός serving to guard or preserve < ϕυλακ- , stem of ϕυλάσσειν to guard (see phylactery n.) + -τικός , suffix forming adjectives from verbs (compare -ic suffix). Compare French phylactique (1927 or earlier in this sense). Compare earlier anaphylactic adj. and much earlier phylactic n.
Medicine. rare.
Serving to protect, esp. immunologically, against infection, disease, etc.Quot. 1911 refers to therapeutic immunization during the course of an illness (hay fever), in contrast to prophylactic immunization.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > [adjective] > effects of medicines or drugs
potentiating1656
phylactic1911
potentiated1917
quantal1933
1911 J. Freeman in Lancet 16 Sept. 815/2 At first thought it might be argued that phylactic doses of pollen toxin will only add poison to an already poisoned patient.
1918 A. E. Wright et al. in Lancet 15 June 837/2 Question as to whether it is possible to obtain a pansement d'attente—i.e., a phylactic dressing for use where the wound cannot at the time be surgically cleansed and resected.
1919 A. E. Wright in Lancet 29 Mar. 490/1 To combat bacterial infection the organism must have defensive powers. That power of guarding itself against infection we may—the suggestion is Lord Moulton's—call phylactic power. The leucocytes and the bacteriotropic substances in the blood fluid we may call phylactic agents.
1953 W. G. Walter Living Brain ix. 170 Such considerations have suggested a phylactic, or protective, hypothesis, to account for the slow electrical rhythms, according to which these rhythms are the wardens of brain function, limiting the consequences of excessive or ill-coordinated activity.
1961 Science 8 Dec. 1877/1 Apparently, calciphylaxis is a fundamentally adaptive (phylactic) response, that leads to defensive inflammation and sclerosis.
1964 Electroencephalogr. & Clin. Neurophysiol. 16 48/2 The vertex transients, having a phylactic function.., screen the brain against unwarranted influences from the arousal centres.
2000 Jrnl. Vet. Med. Sci. 62 1001 We conclude that the guttural pouch has phylactic ability.

Derivatives

phy'lactically adv. rare
ΚΠ
1911 Lancet 16 Sept. 816/1 It remains to be considered how this treatment [for hay fever] is to be turned to account prophylactically next winter and spring, and phylactically next summer.
1916 Lancet 12 Feb. 349/2 Of 12 patients I treated only phylactically 4 were completely cured.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1711adj.1911
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