pitch-backadj.

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃbak/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌbæk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², pitch n.², back adv.

Etymology: < either pitch v.² or pitch n.² + back adv.

Designating a type of waterwheel in which the incoming supply of water falls on to the paddles or buckets of the wheel from above the axle and on the nearer side, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction to that of the incoming flow.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [adjective] > driven by water from above or below

overshotc1535

undershoot1602

undershot1610

pitch-back1825

high breast1833

1825 Times 31 Dec. 2/2 (advt.) Perkins' modes of laying water on the pitch-back water-wheels and of freeing them from back water.

1847 Sci. Amer. 16 Jan. 131/3 The overshot wheel is decidedly preferable to either the pitch-back or breast wheel, if the amount of fall is uniform and exceeds eight feet.

1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 523/2 With greater variation of head-water level, a pitch-back or high breast wheel is better.

1915 F. I. Anderson Electr. for Farm iv. 69 In recent years more efficient forms of the old-fashioned overshoot, pitch-back breast, and undershoot wheels have been developed.

1992 C. Giles & I. H. Goodall Yorks. Textile Mills iv. 126/1 The three other types of wheel—overshot, breastshot, and pitchback or high breastshot—all utilise the fall, and choice depended largely on terrain and rates of water flow.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pitch-back
释义	pitch-backadj. Brit. /ˈpɪtʃbak/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌbæk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², pitch n.², back adv. Etymology: < either pitch v.² or pitch n.² + back adv. Designating a type of waterwheel in which the incoming supply of water falls on to the paddles or buckets of the wheel from above the axle and on the nearer side, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction to that of the incoming flow. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [adjective] > driven by water from above or below overshotc1535 undershoot1602 undershot1610 pitch-back1825 high breast1833 1825 Times 31 Dec. 2/2 (advt.) Perkins' modes of laying water on the pitch-back water-wheels and of freeing them from back water. 1847 Sci. Amer. 16 Jan. 131/3 The overshot wheel is decidedly preferable to either the pitch-back or breast wheel, if the amount of fall is uniform and exceeds eight feet. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 523/2 With greater variation of head-water level, a pitch-back or high breast wheel is better. 1915 F. I. Anderson Electr. for Farm iv. 69 In recent years more efficient forms of the old-fashioned overshoot, pitch-back breast, and undershoot wheels have been developed. 1992 C. Giles & I. H. Goodall Yorks. Textile Mills iv. 126/1 The three other types of wheel—overshot, breastshot, and pitchback or high breastshot—all utilise the fall, and choice depended largely on terrain and rates of water flow. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1825
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