pilo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin pilus , -o- connective.

Etymology: < classical Latin pilus hair, of unknown origin + -o- connective.Found in a small number of formations, apparently earliest in the mid 19th cent. in pilocystic adj. . Compare French pilo- (formations in which are found from the late 19th cent.).

Medicine and Biology.

Of or relating to hair.

† pilocystic adj. Obsolete rare designating a cyst (esp. a dermoid) or cystic tumour that contains hair.

ΚΠ

1860 J. E. Erichsen Sci. & Art Surg. (new ed.) xxix. 392 Encysted tumors containing hair and fatty matters (pilocystic tumors), are occasionally met with.

piloerection n.

Brit.

/ˌpʌɪləʊᵻˈrɛkʃn/

U.S.

/ˌpaɪloʊəˈrɛkʃ(ə)n/

/ˌpaɪloʊiˈrɛkʃ(ə)n/

the erection or bristling of hairs or fur.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > horripilation > [noun]

staring1563

bristling1591

horripilation1656

piloerection1930

1930 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 106 264 Even in weather below zero we never observed pilo-erection on the side of the lesion.

1958 Jrnl. Investigative Dermatol. 30 107/2 Injection of..epinephrine regularly produced ‘goose-flesh’ and piloerection.

1993 S. J. Ettinger Pocket Compan. Textbk. Vet. Internal Med. xliii. 122 Both cats appear frightened, that is, they assume defensive postures (ears back, body arched, dilated pupils, piloerection).

piloerector adj. and n.

Brit.

/ˌpʌɪləʊᵻˈrɛktə/

U.S.

/ˌpaɪloʊəˈrɛktər/

/ˌpaɪloʊiˈrɛktər/

(a) adj.= pilomotor adj.; (b) n. an arrector pili muscle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > horripilation > [noun] > cause of

piloerector1946

1946 A. Kuntz Autonomic Nerv. Syst. (ed. 3) xv. 327 Intracutaneous administration of acetylcholine..elicits strong fleeting pilo-erector activity.

1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxx. 786/2 The sweat glands, adrenal medulla, piloerectors, and the majority of blood vessels receive only sympathetic innervation.

1989 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 325 493 Striated pilo-erector muscles.

† pilo-fatty adj. Obsolete rare (of a cyst) containing fat and hair.

ΚΠ

1848 W. H. Walshe in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 142/2 Teeth are frequently found in pilo-fatty cysts.

pilonidal adj.

Brit.

/ˌpʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈnʌɪdl/

U.S.

/ˌpaɪləˈnaɪd(ə)l/

[ < pilo- comb. form + classical Latin nīdus nest (see nidus n.) + -al suffix¹ (compare nidal adj.)] designating a sinus tract or cyst containing hair, typically found in the sacrococcygeal region and often chronically inflamed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > pilonidal

pilonidal1880

1880 R. M. Hodges in Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 103 486/1 This rather singular lesion, to which..I venture to give the name of pilo-nidal (pilus, a hair, nidus, a nest) sinus.

1956 Lancet 15 Dec. 1244 These pilonidal sinuses appear to be acquired and may be caused by loose hairs, foreign bodies, or inspissated secretions being drawn into small abrasions or acne pits in the skin.

1993 Independent on Sunday 3 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 85/3 During the Second World War, Allied troops were invalided out with Jeep Driver's Bottom—otherwise known as a pilonidal sinus, a painful abscess that forms in the cleft between the upper buttocks.

pilosebaceous adj.

Brit.

/ˌpʌɪlə(ʊ)sᵻˈbeɪʃəs/

U.S.

/ˌpaɪloʊsəˈbeɪʃəs/

[after French pilosébacé (L. Moynac Élém. de pathol. et de clinique chirurgicales (ed. 2, 1878) II. 647)] designating or relating to sebaceous glands that open into hair follicles, or the anatomical unit formed by these structures.

ΚΠ

1889 Lancet 17 Aug. 329/2 It is impossible to ally the ‘pilo-sebaceous’ lesions of the affection termed by Hebra and Kaposi lichen scrofulosorum with that of lichen planus.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 880 The orifices of the pilo-sebaceous glands.

1949 R. L. Sutton & R. L. Sutton Handbk. Dis. Skin. 605 Histologically the papules are composed of organoid collections of basophile epidermal cells the arrangement of which parodies the pilosebaceous apparatus.

1991 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 44/1 Acne vulgaris is chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pilo-
释义	pilo-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin pilus , -o- connective. Etymology: < classical Latin pilus hair, of unknown origin + -o- connective.Found in a small number of formations, apparently earliest in the mid 19th cent. in pilocystic adj. . Compare French pilo- (formations in which are found from the late 19th cent.). Medicine and Biology. Of or relating to hair. † pilocystic adj. Obsolete rare designating a cyst (esp. a dermoid) or cystic tumour that contains hair. ΚΠ 1860 J. E. Erichsen Sci. & Art Surg. (new ed.) xxix. 392 Encysted tumors containing hair and fatty matters (pilocystic tumors), are occasionally met with. piloerection n. Brit. /ˌpʌɪləʊᵻˈrɛkʃn/ , U.S. /ˌpaɪloʊəˈrɛkʃ(ə)n/ , /ˌpaɪloʊiˈrɛkʃ(ə)n/ the erection or bristling of hairs or fur. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > horripilation > [noun] staring1563 bristling1591 horripilation1656 piloerection1930 1930 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 106 264 Even in weather below zero we never observed pilo-erection on the side of the lesion. 1958 Jrnl. Investigative Dermatol. 30 107/2 Injection of..epinephrine regularly produced ‘goose-flesh’ and piloerection. 1993 S. J. Ettinger Pocket Compan. Textbk. Vet. Internal Med. xliii. 122 Both cats appear frightened, that is, they assume defensive postures (ears back, body arched, dilated pupils, piloerection). piloerector adj. and n. Brit. /ˌpʌɪləʊᵻˈrɛktə/ , U.S. /ˌpaɪloʊəˈrɛktər/ , /ˌpaɪloʊiˈrɛktər/ (a) adj.= pilomotor adj.; (b) n. an arrector pili muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > horripilation > [noun] > cause of piloerector1946 1946 A. Kuntz Autonomic Nerv. Syst. (ed. 3) xv. 327 Intracutaneous administration of acetylcholine..elicits strong fleeting pilo-erector activity. 1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxx. 786/2 The sweat glands, adrenal medulla, piloerectors, and the majority of blood vessels receive only sympathetic innervation. 1989 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 325 493 Striated pilo-erector muscles. † pilo-fatty adj. Obsolete rare (of a cyst) containing fat and hair. ΚΠ 1848 W. H. Walshe in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 142/2 Teeth are frequently found in pilo-fatty cysts. pilonidal adj. Brit. /ˌpʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈnʌɪdl/ , U.S. /ˌpaɪləˈnaɪd(ə)l/ [ < pilo- comb. form + classical Latin nīdus nest (see nidus n.) + -al suffix¹ (compare nidal adj.)] designating a sinus tract or cyst containing hair, typically found in the sacrococcygeal region and often chronically inflamed. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > pilonidal pilonidal1880 1880 R. M. Hodges in Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 103 486/1 This rather singular lesion, to which..I venture to give the name of pilo-nidal (pilus, a hair, nidus, a nest) sinus. 1956 Lancet 15 Dec. 1244 These pilonidal sinuses appear to be acquired and may be caused by loose hairs, foreign bodies, or inspissated secretions being drawn into small abrasions or acne pits in the skin. 1993 Independent on Sunday 3 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 85/3 During the Second World War, Allied troops were invalided out with Jeep Driver's Bottom—otherwise known as a pilonidal sinus, a painful abscess that forms in the cleft between the upper buttocks. pilosebaceous adj. Brit. /ˌpʌɪlə(ʊ)sᵻˈbeɪʃəs/ , U.S. /ˌpaɪloʊsəˈbeɪʃəs/ [after French pilosébacé (L. Moynac Élém. de pathol. et de clinique chirurgicales (ed. 2, 1878) II. 647)] designating or relating to sebaceous glands that open into hair follicles, or the anatomical unit formed by these structures. ΚΠ 1889 Lancet 17 Aug. 329/2 It is impossible to ally the ‘pilo-sebaceous’ lesions of the affection termed by Hebra and Kaposi lichen scrofulosorum with that of lichen planus. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 880 The orifices of the pilo-sebaceous glands. 1949 R. L. Sutton & R. L. Sutton Handbk. Dis. Skin. 605 Histologically the papules are composed of organoid collections of basophile epidermal cells the arrangement of which parodies the pilosebaceous apparatus. 1991 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 44/1 Acne vulgaris is chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < comb. form1848
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