| 释义 |
pimperneln. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pimpernele, pimpernole, piprenelle. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pimpernele, pimpernelle, pimpernole, pimpirnele, pimpirnel and Middle French pimpernele, pimpinelle, (rare) pimpernole (French pimprenelle , †pimpernelle , †pimpinelle ) burnet saxifrage (beginning of the 13th cent. in Old French as pinpernele ), burnet (1549 or earlier), variant of Old French piprenelle (12th cent. in an isolated attestation in uncertain sense; in later use chiefly in sense ‘great burnet’, now regional) < post-classical Latin pipinella burnet saxifrage (second half of the 7th cent.; earlier as pimpinella (6th cent.)), further etymology uncertain and disputed: for some rival suggestions, and summary of others, see J. Corominas Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana(1985) at pimpinela, L. Spitzer in Word(1951) 7 211–8, and Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at pipinella. Compare Old Occitan pimpinela (14th cent.; also as pempinelha (c1300); Occitan pimpanèla , pimpinèla , pimparèla ), Catalan pimpinella , pampinella , Spanish pimpinela (1493; late 14th or early 15th cent. as pimpinella ), Portuguese pimpinela (1661; earlier as †piponela (14th cent.)), Italian pimpinella (14th cent.). Compare also bibenella n. and the cognates cited at that entry. A post-classical Latin variant bipennella, bipenula, bipinella also occurs in 16th–17th-cent. herbals and vocabularies.The post-classical Latin and French words originally denoted the burnet saxifrage (see sense 1b), although in early examples in French it is often difficult to specify the exact sense. (Linnaeus applied the name scientific Latin Pimpinella Saxifraga to this plant in 1753.) The post-classical Latin and French words subsequently came to be used to denote the burnet (see sense 1c), because of the resemblance of the leaves of the two plants. 16th–18th-cent. herbalists used post-classical Latin pimpinella to denote both plants: hence the occurrence of the form pimpinell in both senses 1c and 1b. Turner distinguishes between the pimpinell , burnet saxifrage (see quot. 1551 at sense 1b) and the pympernell , Anagallis (see quot. 1551 at sense 2a). The English word is used to denote the latter plant already in 15th-cent. vocabularies, but it is not clear how this use came about. (The forms pimpinel , pimpinell are not found in this sense.) Compare earlier borrowing of post-classical Latin pipinella into Old English as pipineale , pipeneale :OE Lacnunga (2001) I. xv. 10 Mugwyrt, organa, melde, quinquefolium, ualeriane, clate, medewyrt, dweorgedwoslan, pipeneale, [etc.].lOE Durham Plant Gloss. 17 Pipinella, pipineale. In sense 3 < the name ‘The Scarlet Pimpernel’ given to the fictional hero, Sir Percy Blakeney, of Baroness Orczy's 1905 novel The Scarlet Pimpernel. I. Literal applications. 1. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun] 1378 in C. M. Woolgar (1992) I. 249 Item in i stik di. pympernoll ix d. a1400 (Selden) (1887) 146 Pimpinella assimilatur saxifragie in foliis et in stipite, sed differunt in radicibus..galice et anglice, pympernele [v.r. pimpernelle]. ?a1450 tr. Macer (Stockh.) (1949) 190 (MED) Pympernolle growiþ moche vnder busshes and in the mery shadowes of þe wodes; She hauyþ a litel whit flour and þikke in ech side. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 603/7 Piponella, Pympernele. 1545 Bipennella, an herbe callyd Pympernell. 1570 P. Levens sig. Eiiv/1 Pimpernel, bipenella. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > burnet saxifrage 1526 ccclv. sig. Tvj/1 Selfe heale or pympyrnell. Pimpernel is an herbe that groweth in sandy places, at ye fote of hylles. 1551 W. Turner sig. O iv Pimpinell doth..agre wyth the secunde kynde of daucus in descryptyon, and also in vertues. 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) ii. ccccxx. 1043 This great kinde of Pimpinell, or rather Saxifrage, hath great and long roots, fashioned like a Parsnep, of an hot and biting taste like Ginger. 1727 P. Shaw tr. viii. 105 Take of..the leaves of Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Pellitory, Pimpinel-Saxifrage, broad-leav'd Plantain, and ston'd Raisins of the Sun, of each half an ounce. 1796 R. Pulteney 6/1 Pimpinella magna... Great Pimpinell. In Hollinghall Wood near Loughborough. 1854 H. Sherrill (ed. 3) 417 (table) Technical Names... Pimpinella... English Names... Pimpernel. 1929 16 396 The common pimpernel, Pimpinella Saxifraga L., a native of Europe, has been introduced into waste places in eastern North America. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > agrimony or lady's mantle or burnet 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens i. xcvi. 137 Of Burnet, or Pimpinell. Pimpinell is of two sortes, the great and wilde; and the small garden Pimpinell. 1597 J. Gerard ii. cccciii. 889 The small Pimpinell is commonly planted in gardens, notwithstanding it doth grow wilde vpon many barren heathes and pastures. a1618 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas (1621) i. iii. 62 So Pimpernel, held in the Patients hand, The bloody-Flix doth presently with-stand. 1726 J. Laurence 383 Burnet is..much valued by the French and Italians, even in their Sallads, for its cheering and exhilerating [sic] Quality; believing that if Pimpernel (their Name for Burnet) be wanting, there cannot be a good Sallad. 1830 R. Dolby 435/2 Ravigote, shred..chervil, chives, pimpernel, and tarragon. 1855 R. G. Mayne (1860) 549/2 Italian pimpinel, common name for Sanguisorba officinalis. 1932 20 June 13/4 These green French salads..are made twice as palatable by the liberal addition of salad herbs... Cloves and spring onions, with—though more rarely used—pimpernel and savory. 1991 (Nexis) 11 Sept. (Home section) 1 Nutty with a cucumber taste, burnet is the pimpernel in French and Italian salads. 2. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > agrimony or lady's mantle or burnet > pimpernel ?a1425 (?1373) (1938) f. 64v Ippia Maior, pympirnell, oþer yworte oþer wolshele oþer kennyng worte, goþe alonge by the grounde, and he beryth a rede sangwyne colour and leves leke to chekwede. c1450 in W. R. Dawson (1934) 170 (MED) To knaw the lyue of a woundid man, wheþer he shall leue or dye, take þe rede pympernell and stamp it in a mortere & tamper it with watir or wyne and giffe it to þe woundid man to drynke. 1551 W. Turner sig. C.iv The male pympernell groweth commonlye in England in the corne and in tylled groundes, and so doth the female growe in Germanye about bon and colon. 1597 J. Gerard ii. clxxxiii. 493 Pimpernell is like vnto Chickweede; the stalkes are fower square, trailing heere and there vpon the grounde, whereupon do growe broad leaues. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. (rev. ed.) iv. iii. 496 The red and blew Pimpernell, because of their flowers, as also the white, are as good there. 1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny (new ed.) I. xxv. xiii. 234 This is strange,..that sheep should so much hate and abhor the female Pimpernell as they do. 1744 (new ed.) xxii. 38 The Pimpernel..shuts itself up..Close against rainy Weather. 1777 J. Lightfoot I. 139 [Anagallis arvensis] Common Pimpernel. Anglis. ?1799 (ed. 6) ii. 90/2 Anagallidis arvensis, Lin. Common male and female pimpernel. 1836 J. T. Mackay i. 194 Common Pimpernel, or Poor Man's Weatherglass. 1859 C. Darwin viii. 268 The blue and red pimpernel.., which are considered by many of our best botanists as varieties, are said by Gärtner not to be quite fertile when crossed. 1932 A. Bell xiii. 181 As the tumbril toiled loaded over the stubble-field..pimpernel and late poppy made gay the stark ground. 1995 H. Dunmore (1996) xxiii. 290 This is our house. I nip off some tiny pimpernel flowers which are growing close to the ground, and spread them out on my lap. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > names applied to various flowers 1578 J. Banister f. 95v Anagallis aquatica, Water pimpernell. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 495 Of Brookelyme, or water Pimpernell... There be fower sorts of Water herbes comprehended vnder the name Anagallis aquatica, or water Pimpernell, or water Chicken weede. 1676 T. Sherley tr. V. A. Molimbrochius ii. 28 It chiefly resembles that water Pimpernel with the round leaf, not that which is notched or jagged. 1703 (Royal Soc.) 23 1413 From America we have a yellow Pimpernel with stellated leaves. 1756 J. Hill 66 Genus VII. Round Pimpernell. Samolus. 1856 P. H. Gosse xxiii. 223 A little streamlet..now expanded into a tiny basin, in which the white blossoms of the Water Pimpernel were bathed. 1861 A. Pratt IV. 237 Yellow Pimpernel, or Wood Loosestrife. 1957 (rev. ed.) 307 (table) False Pimpernel: Lindernia. 1958 436 Samolus (Tasmanian Water Pimpernel). 1960 S. Ary & M. Gregory 26/1 Yellow Pimpernel (L. nemorum). This differs from Creeping Jenny in having more pointed leaves and smaller, deeper yellow flowers. 2003 (Nexis) 12 June 34 Also beside the paths now, often in a damp ditch in oak or beech woods, are the yellow stars and bright green leaves of yellow pimpernel. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Primulaceae family or plants > [noun] 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) ii. cxciv. 618 (caption) Anagallis tenuifolia. Narrow leaued Pimpernell. 1648 J. Bobart 4 Anagallis fœm. Female blew flowr'd Pimpernell. 1728 R. Bradley (at cited word) Anagallis..is in English, Pimpernel, which is a low, but pretty Tribe, from the beautiful Colours of their Flowers, which are reds, blues, &c. 1861 A. Pratt IV. 245 Small Chaffweed, or Bastard Pimpernel. 1865 P. H. Gosse 47 The bog-pimpernel..was..profusely strewn over the spongy moors. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore I. 59/1 Anagallis,..pimpernels, by which name the species are popularly known. 1992 Autumn 14/1 Scrub is invading the fenland as the water-table falls. Bog pimpernel..and common butterwort have already been lost. II. Figurative uses. the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > that which is elusive the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > one who escapes > one who evades > an elusive person 1905 Baroness Orczy xii That demmed, elusive Pimpernel.] 1945 6 July 4/1 (heading) Pimpernels of World War II. 1955 10 May 14/1 The elusive pimpernel, the Liberal vote, is being eagerly sought by the two main parties in the Peterborough division. 1961 Oct. 112/3 Highlanders soon became a band of Pimpernels smuggling their aristocratic whiskies to the Lowlands. 1974 ‘D. Craig’ xvii. 81 Hans Lenzlinger, the greatest Pimpernel between East and West ever known. 1989 20 Feb. 675 Is Peter the piffle artist becoming Peter the pimpernel, who is never around when there is bad news about? 1993 17 Jan. i3/1 No one..had expected that the mobster whose Pimpernel image had assumed near-mythic proportions would ever be taken. Compounds the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Primulaceae family or plants > [noun] 1796 W. Withering (ed. 3) II. 199 Bastard Pimpernel. Pimpernel Chaffweed. 1787 W. Withering (ed. 2) II. xx. 523 Burnet Rose. Pimpernell Rose. Heaths and sandy places. 1886 J. Britten & R. Holland Pimpernel Rose, a book-name for Rosa spinosissima, suggested by its synonym, R. pimpinellifolia, and referring, like Burnet Rose, to the form of its leaves. 1652 R. Pemell i. sig. Nn3 Take of Burnet in fine powder two ounces, fine Sugar an ounce, with a sufficient quantity of Pimpinel-water make an Electuary. 1706 (rev. ed.) ix. 140 Take the weight of ten grains of Saffron, two ounces of the Kirnels of Walnuts,..with a sufficient quantity of Pimpernel-water. 1837 E. Howard ii. 43 If she'd only..use my pimpernel water, for she has one monstrous freckle on her forehead. 2000 (Nexis) 27 Oct. 5 She offers a concoction of Myrrh, Pimpernel water, elder-flower water, musk and rectified spirits of wine to ‘rub upon the bosom for ten minutes’, to promote its growth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1378 |
