pitchforkn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃfɔːk/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌfɔrk/

Forms: Middle English pichford (transmission error), Middle English pichforke, Middle English pycchefork, Middle English pychfork, Middle English pychforke, Middle English–1500s pytcheforke, 1500s picheforcke, 1500s pitchefork, 1500s pitchforke, 1500s pytchefork, 1500s– pitchfork, 1600s pitchfark (nonstandard). N.E.D. (1907) also records a form of the first element 1500s pyche-.

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pickfork n.

Etymology: Probably an alteration of pickfork n. after pitch v.² (compare sense 13b at that entry). Compare earlier pikefork n.

1. A long-handled fork with two sharp prongs, for lifting and pitching hay, straw, or sheaves. Also occasionally: a short-handled fork for lifting dung, breaking clods, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > pitch-fork

pikeforkc1275

shakefork1338

pickfork1349

pitchfork1364

pikea1398

bicornec1420

hay-fork1552

shed-fork1559

straw-fork1573

pikel1602

sheppeck1602

corn-pike1611

wain-forka1642

pick1777

pickle1847

peak1892

1364 Acct. Rolls Stebbing in Middle Eng. Dict. at Picche-fork Unum Pichforke.

1452 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 31, No. 1) Ipsum percussit cum baculo vocato pychforke.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 254/2 Pytche forke, fovrche fiere.

1590 ‘H. R.’ Defiance to Fortune sig. N One of his horsekeepers, not knowing who was the theefe,..with a pitchforke, so basted him that he left hym for dead.

a1640 J. Day & H. Chettle Blind-beggar (1659) sig. H2^v Let me dye like a Dog on a Pitch-fork.

1685 London Gaz. No. 2046/1 Between 2 and 3000..some with Musquets, some with Pistols, some with Pikes, and some with Pitchforks and Sythes.

1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 105 There is at least a passibility, you may have a Pitchfark thrust in your backside.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 52 She wears her Cloaths, as if they were thrown on her with a Pitch-Fork.

1788 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 78 413 About as thick as a pitch-fork shaft.

1839 G. C. Lewis Gloss. Words Herefordshire 101 Stele, the wooden handle of a rake or pitchfork.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems cv. 2 They with pitchforks hurl Mentula dizzily down.

1900 Congress. Rec. 24 Jan. 1120/1 I want to say to the Senator that a pitchfork seldom touches a grasshopper.

1989 C. Harkness Time of Grace iv. 59 England is riddled with hearty, back-slapping women hurling manure about with pitchforks.

2. Chiefly U.S. to rain pitchforks and variants: to rain very hard.In quot. 1815, as an expression of improbability.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > rain falls [verb (intransitive)] > rain heavily

ropec1450

to ding down1554

to come down1597

to ding onc1650

to rain cats and dogs1661

sile1703

pour1737

teem1753

pepper1767

flood1813

to rain pitchforks1815

rash1824

spate1853

bucket1926

tipplea1930

piss1948

1815 D. Humphreys Yankey in Eng. 55 I'll be even with you, if it rains pitchforks—tines downwards.

1850 J. R. Planché Island of Jewels ii. iii. 31 Rain cats and dogs, or pitchforks perpendicular, The sky's not mine, and need'nt be particular.

1930 J. Dos Passos 42nd Parallel i. 77 Outside it was raining pitchforks.

1940 M. Fishback Time for Quick One 77 It's raining cats and dogs And pitchforks and assorted frogs.

1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 192 Raining pitchforks and bull yearlings. A term used in Texas for raining very heavily.

2004 Girls' Life (Nexis) Dec. 56 When you wake up each a.m., make a firm decision to have a good day. Even if it's raining pitchforks and hammer handles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

pitchforkv.

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃfɔːk/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌfɔrk/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pitchfork n.¹

Etymology: < pitchfork n.¹

a. transitive. To throw (a person) into or out of something suddenly or unexpectedly; esp. to thrust (a person) forcibly or unsuitably into some office, position, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint unsuitably or ignoring hierarchy

pitchfork1832

shoehorn1859

parachute1968

1832 Times 21 Mar. 1/6 There were, undoubtedly, many individuals..who, at other times and under other circumstances, would not be unfitted to be pitch-forked into the House of Peers.

1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years I. 245 To have the descendants of Henri IV. pitchforked out of the country.

1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux I. xxxiv. 288 He's to be pitchforked up to the Exchequer.

1922 A. Brazil Monitress Merle xiii. 190 Morland, who..had no very marked vocation for anything, had been pitchforked into engineering.

1946 ‘J. Tey’ Miss Pym Disposes v. 44 ‘Well,’ said Lucy, pitchforked of a sudden into decision.

1993 Sat. Night (Toronto) June 12/2 Tz'u-hsi was a woman of sheltered upbringing and ordinary intellect pitchforked into power.

b. transitive. gen. To lift or throw with, or as with, a pitchfork; to pitch forcibly or roughly. Also occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > forcibly

ding1614

pitchfork1837

buzz1890

1837 Times 22 June 3/1 Resolv'd to drive the nuisance from their den, They'll probably pitchfork it back again.

1866 C. G. Halpine Baked Meats Pref. p. v A very indiscriminate collection of fugitive essays..hastily pitchforked together.

1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. i. 5 Elizabeth-Jane's bonnet and shawl were pitchforked on in a moment, and they went out.

1924 C. J. Galpin Rural Social Probl. xvii. 275 Then for days I pitchforked the leather roots off the land.

1924 C. J. Galpin Rural Social Probl. xvii. 276 I worked day after day, pitchforking and banking and raking, until there wasn't a twig or a root left.

1994 Independent on Sunday 19 June (Review Suppl.) 69/2 Once mixed, the sticky mass is pitchforked up on to the walls.

2. transitive. To stab or attack with a pitchfork.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or penetrate (of weapon) [verb (transitive)] > strike with pointed weapon

prickOE

pritchOE

snese?c1225

threstc1275

stokea1300

bearc1330

stangc1340

broach1377

foinc1380

borea1400

dag?a1400

gorea1400

gridea1400

slot?a1400

staira1400

through-girdc1405

thrustc1410

runc1425

to run throughc1425

traversec1425

spitc1430

through-seeka1500

to run in1509

stab1530

to stab (a person) in1530

accloy1543

push1551

stoga1572

poacha1616

stocka1640

stoccado1677

stug1722

kittle1820

skewer1837

pitchfork1854

poke1866

chib1973

1854 J. Leech Pict. Life & Char. 22 Vowing that he will pitchfork Mr. B. if he comes ‘galloperravering’ over his fences.

1890 F. W. O. Ward 'Twixt Kiss & Lip 499 As long as the exploits of heroes are told..There is one, I am sure, that will never grow old, Of the hero who pitchforked the Devil.

1900 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Evening Sentinel 17 Nov. 15/2 He'd cut his fingers and pound his thumbs, and he'd swear that the man who made that stove-pipe should be pitchforked to death.

2001 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 13 June 2 The appearance at the very end of a women's detachment boasting of having pitchforked the enemy to death must rank among the most tactless, tasteless moments in all opera!

Derivatives

ˈpitchforked adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > [adjective] > appointed unsuitably

pitchforked1899

1899 Dundee Advertiser 10 Oct. 4 The pitchforked man..would fall the just prey to all the generation of ladder-climbers.

1990 G. Bear Queen of Angels (1991) i. xiv. 72 LA's neighborhoods around the combs had been split as if made of pitchforked glass.

ˈpitchforking n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > [noun] > throwing roughly or forcibly

pitchforking1838

1838 Times 22 Aug. 3/2 (headline) The ‘Pitchforking’ of Magistrates.

1891 Daily News 9 Nov. 3/1 This reckless pitchforking of unnecessary furniture.

1968 Amer. Anthropologist 70 1223/1 I believe that Van Zantwijk's attitude originates in his implicit conception of acculturation as a pitchforking of elements from one culture to another.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pitchfork
释义	pitchforkn.¹ Brit. /ˈpɪtʃfɔːk/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌfɔrk/ Forms: Middle English pichford (transmission error), Middle English pichforke, Middle English pycchefork, Middle English pychfork, Middle English pychforke, Middle English–1500s pytcheforke, 1500s picheforcke, 1500s pitchefork, 1500s pitchforke, 1500s pytchefork, 1500s– pitchfork, 1600s pitchfark (nonstandard). N.E.D. (1907) also records a form of the first element 1500s pyche-. Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pickfork n. Etymology: Probably an alteration of pickfork n. after pitch v.² (compare sense 13b at that entry). Compare earlier pikefork n. 1. A long-handled fork with two sharp prongs, for lifting and pitching hay, straw, or sheaves. Also occasionally: a short-handled fork for lifting dung, breaking clods, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > pitch-fork pikeforkc1275 shakefork1338 pickfork1349 pitchfork1364 pikea1398 bicornec1420 hay-fork1552 shed-fork1559 straw-fork1573 pikel1602 sheppeck1602 corn-pike1611 wain-forka1642 pick1777 pickle1847 peak1892 1364 Acct. Rolls Stebbing in Middle Eng. Dict. at Picche-fork Unum Pichforke. 1452 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 31, No. 1) Ipsum percussit cum baculo vocato pychforke. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 254/2 Pytche forke, fovrche fiere. 1590 ‘H. R.’ Defiance to Fortune sig. N One of his horsekeepers, not knowing who was the theefe,..with a pitchforke, so basted him that he left hym for dead. a1640 J. Day & H. Chettle Blind-beggar (1659) sig. H2^v Let me dye like a Dog on a Pitch-fork. 1685 London Gaz. No. 2046/1 Between 2 and 3000..some with Musquets, some with Pistols, some with Pikes, and some with Pitchforks and Sythes. 1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 105 There is at least a passibility, you may have a Pitchfark thrust in your backside. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 52 She wears her Cloaths, as if they were thrown on her with a Pitch-Fork. 1788 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 78 413 About as thick as a pitch-fork shaft. 1839 G. C. Lewis Gloss. Words Herefordshire 101 Stele, the wooden handle of a rake or pitchfork. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems cv. 2 They with pitchforks hurl Mentula dizzily down. 1900 Congress. Rec. 24 Jan. 1120/1 I want to say to the Senator that a pitchfork seldom touches a grasshopper. 1989 C. Harkness Time of Grace iv. 59 England is riddled with hearty, back-slapping women hurling manure about with pitchforks. 2. Chiefly U.S. to rain pitchforks and variants: to rain very hard.In quot. 1815, as an expression of improbability. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > rain falls [verb (intransitive)] > rain heavily ropec1450 to ding down1554 to come down1597 to ding onc1650 to rain cats and dogs1661 sile1703 pour1737 teem1753 pepper1767 flood1813 to rain pitchforks1815 rash1824 spate1853 bucket1926 tipplea1930 piss1948 1815 D. Humphreys Yankey in Eng. 55 I'll be even with you, if it rains pitchforks—tines downwards. 1850 J. R. Planché Island of Jewels ii. iii. 31 Rain cats and dogs, or pitchforks perpendicular, The sky's not mine, and need'nt be particular. 1930 J. Dos Passos 42nd Parallel i. 77 Outside it was raining pitchforks. 1940 M. Fishback Time for Quick One 77 It's raining cats and dogs And pitchforks and assorted frogs. 1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 192 Raining pitchforks and bull yearlings. A term used in Texas for raining very heavily. 2004 Girls' Life (Nexis) Dec. 56 When you wake up each a.m., make a firm decision to have a good day. Even if it's raining pitchforks and hammer handles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). pitchforkv. Brit. /ˈpɪtʃfɔːk/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌfɔrk/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pitchfork n.¹ Etymology: < pitchfork n.¹ 1. a. transitive. To throw (a person) into or out of something suddenly or unexpectedly; esp. to thrust (a person) forcibly or unsuitably into some office, position, etc. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint unsuitably or ignoring hierarchy pitchfork1832 shoehorn1859 parachute1968 1832 Times 21 Mar. 1/6 There were, undoubtedly, many individuals..who, at other times and under other circumstances, would not be unfitted to be pitch-forked into the House of Peers. 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years I. 245 To have the descendants of Henri IV. pitchforked out of the country. 1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux I. xxxiv. 288 He's to be pitchforked up to the Exchequer. 1922 A. Brazil Monitress Merle xiii. 190 Morland, who..had no very marked vocation for anything, had been pitchforked into engineering. 1946 ‘J. Tey’ Miss Pym Disposes v. 44 ‘Well,’ said Lucy, pitchforked of a sudden into decision. 1993 Sat. Night (Toronto) June 12/2 Tz'u-hsi was a woman of sheltered upbringing and ordinary intellect pitchforked into power. b. transitive. gen. To lift or throw with, or as with, a pitchfork; to pitch forcibly or roughly. Also occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > forcibly ding1614 pitchfork1837 buzz1890 1837 Times 22 June 3/1 Resolv'd to drive the nuisance from their den, They'll probably pitchfork it back again. 1866 C. G. Halpine Baked Meats Pref. p. v A very indiscriminate collection of fugitive essays..hastily pitchforked together. 1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. i. 5 Elizabeth-Jane's bonnet and shawl were pitchforked on in a moment, and they went out. 1924 C. J. Galpin Rural Social Probl. xvii. 275 Then for days I pitchforked the leather roots off the land. 1924 C. J. Galpin Rural Social Probl. xvii. 276 I worked day after day, pitchforking and banking and raking, until there wasn't a twig or a root left. 1994 Independent on Sunday 19 June (Review Suppl.) 69/2 Once mixed, the sticky mass is pitchforked up on to the walls. 2. transitive. To stab or attack with a pitchfork. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or penetrate (of weapon) [verb (transitive)] > strike with pointed weapon prickOE pritchOE snese?c1225 threstc1275 stokea1300 bearc1330 stangc1340 broach1377 foinc1380 borea1400 dag?a1400 gorea1400 gridea1400 slot?a1400 staira1400 through-girdc1405 thrustc1410 runc1425 to run throughc1425 traversec1425 spitc1430 through-seeka1500 to run in1509 stab1530 to stab (a person) in1530 accloy1543 push1551 stoga1572 poacha1616 stocka1640 stoccado1677 stug1722 kittle1820 skewer1837 pitchfork1854 poke1866 chib1973 1854 J. Leech Pict. Life & Char. 22 Vowing that he will pitchfork Mr. B. if he comes ‘galloperravering’ over his fences. 1890 F. W. O. Ward 'Twixt Kiss & Lip 499 As long as the exploits of heroes are told..There is one, I am sure, that will never grow old, Of the hero who pitchforked the Devil. 1900 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Evening Sentinel 17 Nov. 15/2 He'd cut his fingers and pound his thumbs, and he'd swear that the man who made that stove-pipe should be pitchforked to death. 2001 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 13 June 2 The appearance at the very end of a women's detachment boasting of having pitchforked the enemy to death must rank among the most tactless, tasteless moments in all opera! Derivatives ˈpitchforked adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > [adjective] > appointed unsuitably pitchforked1899 1899 Dundee Advertiser 10 Oct. 4 The pitchforked man..would fall the just prey to all the generation of ladder-climbers. 1990 G. Bear Queen of Angels (1991) i. xiv. 72 LA's neighborhoods around the combs had been split as if made of pitchforked glass. ˈpitchforking n. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > [noun] > throwing roughly or forcibly pitchforking1838 1838 Times 22 Aug. 3/2 (headline) The ‘Pitchforking’ of Magistrates. 1891 Daily News 9 Nov. 3/1 This reckless pitchforking of unnecessary furniture. 1968 Amer. Anthropologist 70 1223/1 I believe that Van Zantwijk's attitude originates in his implicit conception of acculturation as a pitchforking of elements from one culture to another. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : pitch-forkn.² < n.¹1364v.1832 see also
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pitchforkn.1

pitchforkv.

Derivatives

> see also

pitchforkn.¹