piraten.
/ˈpʌɪrət/, U.S. /ˈpaɪrət/ 1.
a. A person who plunders or robs from ships, esp. at sea; a person who commits or practises piracy.In quot. 1790: a mutineer who has taken possession of a ship.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > pirate > [noun]
pirate?a1425
water thief1600
buccaneer1846
society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > pirate
rovera1393
pirate?a1425
reaver1434
freebooter1570
filibuster1591
water thief1600
picaroon1624
marooner1661
Likedeelers1764
buccaneer1846
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 415 Þe see þeves of Danes [L. piratæ].]
?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1996) I. l. 1374 Þat hyle yt was desert and wast Þorowe many dayes befor wer past, For ouerrynnynges and many ingates Ofe felons folke, named pirates.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 6818 Pirrus..was a rouere and robbed on the se..Off such robbyng be sclaundre & be diffame This woord Pirate off Pirrus took the name.
1443 in J. H. Fisher et al. Anthol. Chancery Eng. (1984) 259 þe said Iohn Colwelle and william. Cooke as Rebelles and pirates on þe see Romyng haþe take..diuers shippes aliens with diuers marchaundises and godes in the said shippes.
a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3182 (MED) She fledde þe contre, And of a pyrat taken in the see, To kyng lygurgus brouht In al her drede.
1522 Bp. J. Clerk Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 312 Pirats, Mores, and other infidels.
1561 R. Eden in tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation Pref. sig. ¶¶.i Pilotes (I saie) not Pirottes, Rulers, not Rouers.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 65 Notable Pyrate, thou salt-water Theefe. View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. x. 45 It was thought no dishonour to be a Pyrate, or a High-way Theefe; but rather a lawfull Trade.
1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 12 We have secured the Navigation of our Subjects, against all other Pyrats.
1790 W. Bligh Narr. Mutiny on Bounty 6 There remained on board the Bounty, as pirates..25 hands, and the most able men of the ship's company.
1817 Ld. Byron Manfred ii. iii. 32 A traitor on land, and a pirate at sea.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island xx. 161 You're either my ship's cook..or Cap'n Silver, a common mutineer and pirate.
1909 Chatterbox 148/1 A gang of Istrian pirates..sailed, under cover of the night, up to the island.
1958 Life 10 Nov. 61/2 When Brynner took on the role of the pirate Jean Lafitte in the forthcoming Buccaneer, hair became a necessity.
2002 M. Kurlansky Salt (2003) xii. 211 Fishing for sea turtle, scavenging shipwrecks, and trading with pirates or between islands.
b. figurative and in extended use. A person who goes about in search of plunder; a freebooter, a marauder; a raider, a plunderer, a despoiler.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [noun] > pirate
sea-thiefc1050
skimmera1387
scummera1398
galliotc1425
reaver1434
piratea1475
freebooter1570
sea-rover1579
filibuster1591
water rat1600
water thief1600
picaroon1624
sea-rata1640
Algerine1657
marooner1661
rat1675
Likedeelers1764
Viking1807
sea-wolf1837
piratess1862
a1475 Asneth 893 in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1910) 9 262 (MED) Ha, cruell deeth..Thu are to alle creatures hidous to beholde, Thu pyllour, thu pirate, cesse of þi prise.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxv Ye great pirat and olde thefe the deuyll.
1578 T. Churchyard Lamentable & Pitifull Descr. Wofull Warres Flaunders sig. B ij Oh Antwerp..Thou wast the pirate of the world, that didst all nations spoyle.
1642 A. Ross Mel Heliconium i. 36 That arch-Thief Satan, Pyrate of mankinde.
c1645 W. Atkins Relation of Journey (1994) 224 This Hollander was not a Statesman but a pyrate roveing about for his owne private lucre.
1726 tr. J. Cavalier Mem. Wars Cevennes iii. 226 It has been always a custom among the Soldiers in France to extort Money from the Country... These Pyrates had plunder'd, kill'd and made the Country pay all they could get from them.
1846 W. S. Landor Thrasymedes & Eunoe in Heroic Idylls 80 Pirate of virgin and of princely hearts!
1903 Truth (Sydney) 1 Mar. 1/6 One-sided summings up..may please the social vampires and political pirates of Vandemonia.
1990 Boston Phoenix 27 Apr. (Suppl.) b1/1 Call them headhunters, pirates, or body-snatchers—executive recruiters, the driving force in a $3-billion-a-year-industry, have developed tough skins.
2. A vessel used for piracy or manned by pirates; a pirate ship. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > privateer or pirate ship > [noun] > pirate ship
pirate1569
pirate ship1570
Sallee-man1637
Sallee rover1734
sea-serpent1831
filibuster1860
1569 in C. T. McInnes Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1970) XII. 169 To certane men of weir..being in reddines..to have past aburde upoun ane Inglis pirat lyand in Kingorne raid.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxix. xxxvi. 875 Scouring the coast..with his pyrats and men of warre.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1649 (1955) II. 559 We had a good passage, though chased by a Pyrate for some houres.
1707 Boston News-let. 11 Aug. 2/2 On the 13th Instant arrived here from Antigua, a Sloop.., Pyrat of 16 Guns, 30 Men, 140 Tons, under Dutch Colours.
a1731 G. Waldron Descr. Isle of Man 102 in Compl. Wks. (1731) A stately Pirate that was steering her Course into this Harbour.
1836 F. Marryat Mr. Midshipman Easy II. i. 10 That's as much as to say that she's a pirate.
1864 N.Y. Herald 6 July 1/1 They have sunk the Anglo-Rebel Pirate Alabama.
1928 Times 23 Oct. 18/3 The Peruvian Government disclaimed responsibility, declared the Huascar to be a pirate, and offered a reward for her capture.
1993 Sunday Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 20 June He fired salvo after salvo of paper at the Governor, branding the ship a pirate.
3.
a. A person or company who reproduces or uses the work of another (as a book, recording, computer program, etc.) without authority and esp. in contravention of patent or copyright; a plagiarist. Also: a thing reproduced or used in this way.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > plagiarist > [noun]
plagiary1602
pirate1668
plagiarist1674
brain sucker1781
arch-pirate1828
plagiarizer1839
plagiator1889
cribber1892
1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. A4 Banish these Word-pirates (you sacred mistresses of learning) into the gulfe of Barbarisme.]
1668 J. Hancock Brooks' String of Pearls (Notice at end) Some dishonest Booksellers, called Land-Pirats, who make it their practise to steal Impressions of other mens Copies.
1703 D. Defoe True-born Englishman in True Coll. I. Explan. Pref. sig. B3v Its being Printed again and again, by Pyrates.
1758 D. Garrick Let. 4 Dec. (1963) I. 295 But pray what performances have we Exhibited for literary Pirates, which we have rejected from the Original Proprietors?
1822 Ld. Byron Let. 13 Apr. (1979) IX. 142 If you publish the latter in a very cheap edition so as to baffle the pirates by a low price—you will find that it will do.
1887 Shakespeariana VI. 105 In 1599 two of them [sc. Shakespeare's Sonnets] were printed by the pirate Jaggard.
1928 Sunday Disp. 16 Dec. 4/4 As soon as a bannable book appears, the book pirates get ready.
1996 Face Apr. 131/1 All my videos are available in England, except they are pirates so the Government is missing out on all its tax money.
b. A person, organization, etc., broadcasting (and formerly also receiving) radio, etc., transmissions without official authorization.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [noun] > unlicensed broadcaster or receiver
pirate1913
1913 Marconigraph 2 530/2 ‘There you are,’ said the captain, ‘unless we have been picked up again by some experimenting pirate.’
1923 Wireless Weekly 13 June 592 The thousands who are listening-in without a licence of any description—popularly termed ‘pirates’.
1933 Pract. Wireless 14 Oct. 182/1 (heading) Wanted, One Radio Pirate! The small Brussels (Schaerbeek) broadcasting station, having complained to the authorities that an illicit transmitter has marred the reception of its broadcasts, a reward of one thousand Belgian francs has been offered to trace the identity of the culprit.
1979 Guardian 9 Aug. 3/6 Air wave pirates pay the price... Signals sent out by illegal radio hams..led to four men appearing at Grimsby magistrates court.
1999 Nation (N.Y.) 29 Nov. 37/1 The majority of commercial electronic media outlets in post-Communist countries today were born as unlicensed pirates.
4. An animal whose habits are suggestive of piracy, esp. one that habitually steals prey or food-stores from members of another species, a kleptoparasite; frequently with conscious metaphor; spec. †(a) a hermit crab (obsolete); †(b) U.S. = pirate perch n. at Compounds 5 (obsolete). Cf. pirate bird n., pirate fish n. at Compounds 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura
hermit-fish1605
hermit1661
soldier1666
soldier-crab1668
wrong-heir1730
hermit-crab1736
pagurian1840
hermit-lobster1850
pirate1857
paguroid1879
Jack-in-the-box1889
pagurid1893
pagurine1899
1802 G. V. Sampson Statist. Surv. Londonderry 129 No clover sown, on account of promiscuous flocks of sheep, which are emphatically called pirates.
1857 R. Tomes Americans in Japan vi. 136 One of the most abounding [Crustacea] is that which is commonly known as the ‘pirate’... The pirate has no home of its own, but appropriates..that which belongs to others.
1868 Geol. New Jersey (Geol. Surv. New Jersey) App. 808 The ‘pirate’ makes a nest after the manner of the sun-fish.
1898 Cent. Mag. Oct. 948/2 These [crabs] are called pirates from a very curious habit they display.
1959 R. Meinertzhagen (title) Pirates and predators. The piratical and predatory habits of birds.
1964 J. Cope in C. Millar 16 Stories 35 A handsome black-and-white bird..a jackey-hangman, a terrible greedy pirate of a bird.
1986 Ecology 67 790/1 If attacked by a pirate [sc. an eagle], feeders either yielded or acted to defend their food.
5. A bus, taxi, etc., which is being operated without the appropriate licence; (also) the driver of such a vehicle. Now rare.For compounds in the same sense see Compounds 3b.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > public service vehicle > [noun] > omnibus > which infringes on recognized routes
pirate1889
tro-tro1973
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > public transport employees > employees on a bus > driver > of pirate omnibus
pirate1889
1889 Daily News 12 Dec. 3/1 The ‘pirate omnibus man’, who..had no fixed routes or stated hours... The pirate pulls his horses to pieces.
1891 Times 8 June 7/1 The road was left to the ‘pirates’, and a few nondescript vehicles started by private enterprise to meet the emergency.
1956 Times 10 Aug. 3/7 (heading) Taxi men protest over ‘pirates’.
2001 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 17 Dec. 3 Recent surveys have found that there are increasing numbers of pirates cruising the streets and picking up people who are waiting for a taxi.
6. Physical Geography. A river, stream, etc., that captures the headwaters of another; also river pirate.For compounds in the same sense see Compounds 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > types of river > [noun] > specific
headwater1535
Sabbatical river1613
salt river1659
tide-river1739
river pirate1743
salmon river1753
artery1787
warp-river1799
feeder1825
lost river1843
banker1848
tidal river1877
pirate1889
1889 W. M. Davis in Science 8 Feb. 108/1 There is a little river-pirate in eastern Pennsylvania unsuspected by its rural neighbors... The pirate is Deer Run, and its victim is the north-east branch of Perkiomen Creek.
1904 T. C. Chamberlin & R. D. Salisbury Geol. I. iii. 98 The tributary which does the stealing is known as a pirate.
1939 Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 50 1333 Each capture strengthened and lengthened the pirate and weakened and shortened the victim.
Compounds
C1.
a. Appositive: that is a pirate, as pirate captain, etc.
ΚΠ
1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vii. sig. T.iiiv To wandring outlawes shall Lauinia thus be giuen away..and to the seas the pyrat theefe, Our virgin doughter steale?
1609 Lives 19 Late Pyrates sig. E2v This bill doth the pirate Captaines most carefully keep and lay vp, and as they call it, for their owne discharge.
1638 R. Brathwait Surv. Hist 250 The like revenge..wisely prevented with the presenting of a golden Goblet to Apollo, by the Pirate-Prince Thymasithius.
a1668 W. Davenant Wks. (1673) 225 One faine would know's descent: Thou Pirat-Dogge.
1735 S. Bowden Poet. Ess. II. 130 May pirate Boys explore the Nest And there th'absconded Thief infest.
1807 C. Smith Beachy Head 29 The pirate Dane, who from his circular camp Bore in destructive robbery, fire and sword Down thro' the vale.
1858 R. M. Ballantyne Coral Island xxii. 258 The pirate captain grew white with rage as I spoke.
1902 Daily News 18 Mar. 3/2 Formerly the chief producers of pirate-filibusters, they [sc. the Danes] are now chiefly remarkable as the prime producers of butter.
1989 C. Caufield Multiple Exposures (1990) 310 An exotic and entertaining account of travellers to Portugal from the pirate-crusaders..to the new wave of romantic travellers.
b. Of, relating to, characteristic of, or befitting a pirate or pirates, as pirate ship, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > privateer or pirate ship > [noun] > pirate ship
pirate1569
pirate ship1570
Sallee-man1637
Sallee rover1734
sea-serpent1831
filibuster1860
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > pirate radio ship
pirate ship1570
1570–1 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) I. 21 That thair is certane piratt schippis in redynes in the hawin of Leyth.
1631 W. Lisle Faire Æthiopian v. 78 A Pyrat ship (quoth he) beyond the Cape There lies in wait, your Tyrian hulke to rape.
1700 in N. Carolina Colonial Rec. (1886) I. 518 I herewith send you a copy of what I lately received..concerning the taking of a pyrate ship.
1758 W. Dodd Thoughts on Glorious Epiphany 31 The pirate hand of Paynim fierce, Scouring the seas for prey.
1762 Ann. Reg. 1761 77/2 The pirate-towns of Barbary.
1814 Ld. Byron Corsair iii. v. 68 Report speaks largely of his pirate-hoard.
1846 J. Brooke Expedition to Borneo II. ix. 192 The next pirate horde we meet with is a mixed community of Illanus and Badjows (or sea-gipsies).
1898 K. Grahame Golden Age 21 Like a black pirate flag on the blue ocean of air, a hawk hung ominous.
1911 J. M. Barrie Peter & Wendy xvi They all donned pirate clothes cut off at the knee.
1952 A. Villiers Monsoon Seas xv. 213 Pirate strongholds flourished on the Persian islands.
1991 Midnight Zoo 1 v. 77/1 ‘Aarrgg, matey’, Riley said in his pirate voice.
c. Instrumental.
pirate-infested adj.
ΚΠ
1887 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 92 Its effect is similar to that of a range of mountains..or a pirate infested sea, in making more difficult the transport of commodities.
1986 I. Wedde Symmes Hole (1988) 152 In the pirate-infested region of Dutch interest, the prahus laden with pepper, rice, camphor, [etc.].
pirate-ridden adj.
ΚΠ
1905 Q. Rev. Apr. 365 This pirateridden and fish-eating land.
1936 Discovery Nov. 336/2 The pirate-ridden waters of the Straits of Malacca.
C2. Designating a book, recording, etc., which has been reproduced without authorization, esp. in infringement of patent or copyright. Cf. sense 3. See also pirated adj.
ΚΠ
1743 E. Hoyle Short Treat. Game Whist (ed. 2) (verso title page) Whoever shall presume to Print or Vend a Pirate Edition, shall be Prosecuted according to Law.
1818 S. T. Coleridge Misc. Crit. i. x. 171 I suspect this is one of old Lackington's pirate editions.
1845 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 509 He [sc. Daniel Defoe] was proud of this portrait..and complains of that of the pirate volume as no more like himself than Sir Roger L'Estrange was like the dog Touzer.
1900 Morning Chron. 23 Jan. 3/4 All pirate work,..mostly from the United States.
1977 C. McKnight & J. Tobler Bob Marley iv. 56 Dem is pirate records. Dem get the original record, play it, and tape it.
1995 Focus Aug. 70/3 Emma Nicholson MP..once described all bulletin boards as mongers of pornography and pirate software.
C3.
a. Designating a company, organization, etc., which operates without a licence or authorization (sometimes spec. one engaged in the production or distribution of pirate copies or versions: see Compounds 2).
ΚΠ
1841 Times 18 June 8/3 If the other departments of the Government are conducted with the same waste of the public money as in that of their pirate fuel manufactory, there can be no surprise at the yearly deficiency.
1855 Bentley's Misc. 38 51 Printed by some pirate publisher in republican New York.
1931 Economist 5 Sept. 422/1 The so-called ‘pirate’ companies work on an altogether different plan.
1963 P. Drackett Motor Rallying i. 13 The large number of unrecognised clubs, ‘pirate’ clubs as they are sometimes termed, over whom the R.A.C. has no control.
1991 MBI Feb. 8/2 If Bulgaria's pirate industry is not checked promptly, the neighbouring Greek and Turkish markets will lose their profitability.
b. Designating a cab, bus, etc., which is being operated without a licence. Cf. sense 5.
ΚΠ
1888 Times 10 Oct. 3/6 A state of things which enabled the proprietors of what were called ‘pirate’ omnibuses to defraud the travelling public.
1930 ‘A. Armstrong’ Taxi xvi. 220 There are also some real ‘pirate’ cabs which only operate down town [in New York] at night. They carry no meters and live by ‘making a price’..with any belated..up-town passenger.
1936 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Northwestern 11 May 8/4 The car in which she rode—a black-and-green taxi, a pirate taxi—was flying toward the south.
2002 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 19 June 9 (headline) More enforcement officers to tackle pirate taxis.
c. Designating a radio or television station that broadcasts without a licence, esp. from a position outside the territorial waters of the receiving country. Also: designating the operator of such a station, or the ship on which one is based.
ΚΠ
1903 H. C. Hall Let. 5 Sept. (MS Marconi 175, Marconi Coll., Mus. Hist. Sci., Oxf.) 4 So long as pirate-stations exist, we cannot even guarantee the Admiralty against our own Stations.
1928 Times 18 Dec. 14/2 Officials of the Post Office are taking immediate steps to locate the unknown ‘pirate’ broadcasting station.
1957 F. Hoyle Black Cloud v. 109 Is Nortonstowe going to become a pirate radio station?
1963 Times 2 Sept. 6/5 Radio Free Scotland, the pirate broadcasters who have been operating at intervals since 1956, intend to open their 1963 season tonight.
1964 Daily Tel. 11 May 20/7 The activities of the ‘pirate’ radio ships Caroline and Atlanta have presented the Government with a problem which cannot be solved simply.
1969 C. Booker Neophiliacs ix. 227 The Swedes, the Danes and the Dutch had been plagued by offshore pirate stations as long ago as 1961–2.
2005 SF Weekly (Nexis) 5 Jan. Then there's Pirate Cat TV, an analog pirate station that he's looking to launch early this year.
C4. Physical Geography. Designating a river, stream, etc., that captures the headwaters of another. Cf. sense 6.
ΚΠ
1913 Geogr. Jrnl. 42 341 We have here a pirate stream,..which has worked back until it began to draw off the waters of Yellowstone lake.
1926 National Geographic Mag. 50 (title) Pirate rivers and their prizes.
1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 1055/2 The point at which the capture is effected..is commonly marked by a right angle turn into the pirate stream.
1986 Science 29 Aug. 940/3 In the colourful language of geologists, this pirate stream beheaded the older, Atlantic-ward flowing system, stealing its headwaters for the Mediterranean.
C5.
pirate bird n. a bird whose habits are suggestive of piracy; a kleptoparasitic bird; spec. †(a) a skua (obsolete); (b) a frigate bird.
ΚΠ
1842 W. MacGillivray Man. Brit. Ornithol. II. 255 Cataractes Skua. Brown or Skua Pirate-Bird.
1919 W. S. Maugham Moon & Sixpence liii. 233 The pirate birds were screeching among the leaves of the palms.
1997 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 19 Sept. l4 ‘I call them pirate birds,’ Turgeon said. ‘I think they're appropriate for this area.’
pirate blue adj. and n. now rare (a) adj. of a vivid blue colour; (b) n. a vivid shade of blue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > bright blue
sapphirine1413
sapphire1433
sapphire-hued1446
sapphire-coloureda1586
sapphiric1605
sapphire-blue1782
electric blue1877
pirate blue1896
kingfisher blue1915
halcyon blue1922
blue-brilliant1923
1896 Daily News 17 Oct. 6/5 A gown in ‘pirate-blue’ cloth, rather a vivid shade, by the way.
1930 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 24 Mar. 18/4 A throw cape with a coat in pirate blue.
Pirate Coast n. now chiefly historical any of various coasts (formerly) reputed to be frequented by pirates; spec. (a) a stretch of coastline on the west coast of India, lying between Goa and Bombay (now Mumbai); (b) a stretch of coastline on the Persian Gulf, now part of the coast of the United Arab Emirates.
ΚΠ
1788 J. Rennell Mem. Map Hindoostan (new ed.) p. xxxviii The first, namely, Goa, is just clear of the pirate coast.
?1836 H. H. Whitelock in Trans. Bombay Geogr. Soc. 1836–8 (1844) 1 32 (title) An account of Arabs who inhabit the Coast between Ras-el-Kheimah and Abothubee in the Gulf of Persia, generally called the Pirate Coast.
1968 J. B. Kelly Brit. & Persian Gulf 1795–1880 iii. 116 A want of accurate information on the Pirate Coast..handicapped Duncan in framing the instructions.
1991 Washington Post (Nexis) 9 May (Virginia Weekly section) v1 Robert Burns was at one time our Customs Officer when the Solway was described as the Pirate Coast.
pirate fish n. (a) U.S. a predatory garfish, the longnose gar ( Lepisosteus osseus); (b) British regional (now rare), the Atlantic hagfish, Myxine glutinosa.
ΚΠ
1771 G. Taylor Voy. N. Amer. xi. 89 One of the people told us, that in this lake [sc. Champlain] is found the surprising Pirate-fish, called by the Indians Chaourasou. It is much like a pike; but cover'd with such scales as no sword can penetrate.
1890 Cent. Dict. Pirate-fish, the glutinous hag, Myxine glutinosa. (Local, Eng.).
1946 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 59 60 Another author supposed that his chaousarou, chaourasou, or pirate fish devoured its prey above water.
pirate label n. (the label of) a record company which issues records in infringement of copyright.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record
pre-release1871
record album1904
re-release1907
ten-inch1908
twelve-incher1909
demonstration record1911
pressing1912
swinger1924
repressing1927
transcription1931
long-player1932
rush release1935
pop record1937
album1945
demonstration disc1947
pop disc1947
pop single1947
long-play1948
picture disc1948
781949
single1949
forty-five1950
demo disc1952
EP1952
shellac1954
top of the pops1956
gold disc1957
acetate1962
platinum disc1964
chartbuster1965
miss1965
cover1966
reissue1966
pirate label1968
rock record1968
thirty-three (and a third)1968
sampler1969
white-label1970
double album1971
dubplate1976
seven-inch1977
mini-album1980
joint1991
1968 Jazz Monthly Feb. 4/1 There are..numerous ‘pirate’ labels also issuing EPs and LPs.
2003 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 9 Mar. ii. 16/2 On CD, it is available only on pirate labels abroad.
pirate perch n. a small voracious, freshwater fish, Aphredoderus sayanus (the only member of the family Aphredoderidae), common in the eastern United States.
ΚΠ
1862 J. Richardson et al. Museum Nat. Hist. 32 257/2 The pirate perch... It is found in brooks along the coast of the Eastern and Southern States.
1990 T. C. Boyle East is East i. 115 He came up with a writhing grab bag of fascinating things—pirate perch, golden top minnow, needle-nosed gar, swamp darter and brook silverside.
pirate spider n. any of various spiders of the genus Pirata (family Lycosidae), which are capable of running across water and catching insects on or just below the surface; spec. the common northern European P. piraticus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > suborder Labidognatha or Dipneumones > member of family Lycosidae > lycosa piratica
pirate spider1866
1866 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands xxxi. 598 There is, living in the same localities, a closely-allied species, the pirate spider (Lycosa piratica), which has similar habits.
2002 Sunday Tasmanian (Nexis) 3 Nov. t4 The other familiar eight-leggers around the house—the whitetails, pirate spiders and huntsmen—live outside and only come in to stalk prey.
Derivatives
ˈpirate-like adj. and adv.
ΚΠ
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Piratique, Piraticall, Pirat~like.
1714 L. Eusden in R. Steele Poet. Misc. 193 Poems I view'd around of ev'ry Size; But, Pirate-like, flew to the richest Prize.
1853 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 4 Aug. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) I. i. 3 Sailors..pirate-like in aspect.
1991 Running (BNC) Apr. Only the walkman marked Peter Maher apart from a latter-day Henry Morgan, so pirate-like was his appearance.
piraˈtess n. a female pirate.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [noun] > pirate
sea-thiefc1050
skimmera1387
scummera1398
galliotc1425
reaver1434
piratea1475
freebooter1570
sea-rover1579
filibuster1591
water rat1600
water thief1600
picaroon1624
sea-rata1640
Algerine1657
marooner1661
rat1675
Likedeelers1764
Viking1807
sea-wolf1837
piratess1862
society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > pirate > female
piratess1862
1862 W. H. Russell My Diary North & South I. xv. 163 The pirates and piratesses had control of both.
1977 Transatlantic Rev. No. 60. 183 For centuries they have set an empty place at table for a legendary piratess.
2003 Observer (Nexis) 19 Jan. (Review section) 18 The book is strong on crazed aristocrats, porcelain robots and fiery piratesses.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
piratev.
/ˈpʌɪrət/, U.S. /ˈpaɪrət/ 1.
a. transitive. To practise piracy on; to rob, plunder (a ship, person, place, etc.); to take (goods, etc.) through piracy. Also in extended use: to steal, take illicitly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > practise piracy [verb (transitive)]
rove1548
pirate?1575
piratize1638
picaroon1675
?1575 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. (new ed.) 339 A puissant Pirat named Abeuchapeta, passed from Asia into Africa,..he pilled, & pirated, such as he met withall by Seas.
1694 E. Phillips tr. J. Milton Lett. of State 25 An afflicted and..misus'd Virgin, Born of Honest Parents, but Pyrated out of her Native Countrey.
1702 tr. P. de la Court True Interest Republick Holland & W.-Friesland ii. i. 160 Kings, Princes, Courtiers, and Souldiers are frequently Gainers, but never losers by Goods pirated at Sea.
1744 R. North & M. North Life Sir D. North & Rev. J. North 44 It was pyrated out of his House, and he could never find who had it.
1796 Eloise de Montblanc II. 50 Her love has been pirated from her before she was aware of it.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. iii. 71 Their rivals in trade..might have encroached upon their bounds for the purpose of pirating their wood.
a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) i. ii. 12 Long-pig, pirated from the next village.
1931 J. M. Walsh Vandals of Void i. 23 In the early days of space travel more than one ship was pirated.
1986 Today's Guide Apr. 11/1 The ship reached port..without being..pirated.
b. intransitive. To act as a pirate, practise piracy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > practise piracy [verb (intransitive)]
pirace1598
pickeer1644
pirate1685
1685 London Gaz. No. 2054/3 To suspect..that she was going to Pyrate in the Indies.
1746 Fool (1748) I. 261 [To] put it out of the Power of both France and Spain..to pirate upon us again.
1769 tr. W. Goodall Introd. Hist. & Antiq. Scotl. xiv. 190 The Saxons who frequently pirated in that sea.
1816 Q. Rev. 15 302 France perpetually..pirating against the homeward bound fleets.
1924 Daily Mail 22 Dec. (N.Y. Corresp.) The duties of American coastguards are confined to seizing rum-ships; they cannot seize a Hi-Jacking ship unless it has pirated.
1995 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 12 Mar. 38 Jeronimus Cornelisz..had been plotting to seize the Batavia and its treasure and go pirating on the Barbary Coast.
2. transitive. To reproduce or use (the work, idea, etc., of another) without authority, esp. in infringement of patent or copyright; to produce a pirate copy or edition of.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > plagiarism > plagiarize [verb (transitive)]
usurpc1412
steal1544
plagiarize1660
book-pad1685
pirate1706
cabbage1773
crib1778
lift1885
plunder1896
1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino Pref. p. xxvii Gentlemen-Booksellers that threatned to Pyrate it, as they call it, viz. reprint it, and sell it for half a Crown.
1754 Connoisseur No. 38. ⁋6 To prevent his design being pirated, he intends petitioning the Parliament.
1850 J. Chubb Constr. Locks & Keys 36 He had no right to pirate a peculiar trade mark.
1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 406/2 Hogarth's Progresses and his ‘Mariage à la Mode’ were often pirated for fan mounts.
1947 C. M. Wilson Liberia iv. 75 It occasionally struck me that the New York milliners must long have been pirating Liberian styles!
1968 Blues Unlimited Nov. 6 They're not selling records, for fear they would be pirated!
1988 Football Today Nov. 23/1 The vast majority of clubs have their goods pirated and amazingly many of them don't take out licenses or copyrights.
3. transitive. To take (an employee) directly from another company or business, esp. after an unofficial or illegal approach; to headhunt. Cf. poach v.2 11.
ΚΠ
1943 E. Clark et al. Wartime Facts & Postwar Probl. vi. 71 They began ‘pirating’ workers from other companies by offering higher wages and by promises of wage increases.
1965 Times 5 Jan. 5/5 Some firms make no contribution to training but are content to pirate skilled workers from more progressive employers.
2001 Business Dateline (Nexis) 8 June 7 We were very careful not to violate any laws legal or moral about pirating employees.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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