placentan.

Brit.

/pləˈsɛntə/, U.S.

/pləˈsɛn(t)ə/

Inflections: Plural placentas, placentae.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin placenta.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin placenta (1559 in sense 1), transferred use of classical Latin placenta a kind of flat cake < ancient Greek πλακόεντ- , πλακόεις (contracted πλακοῦντ- , πλακοῦς ) flat cake, also mallow seed < πλάκ- , πλάξ flat plate (see placo- comb. form) + -όεις , suffix generally forming adjectives. Compare French placenta (1642 in sense 1, 1694 in Tournefort in sense 2), Italian placenta (a1694 in sense 2, a1698 in sense 1), German Plazenta (16th cent. as Placenta in sense 1).In plural form placentae after the Latin plural form.

1. Anatomy and Zoology. A round, flat, spongy, vascular organ to which the fetus of most mammals (i.e. those other than monotremes and marsupials: see placental adj. 2) is attached by the umbilical cord, through which oxygen and nutrients pass from the maternal blood, and which is expelled as the afterbirth. Also: a structure having a similar function in other animals, such as certain viviparous fishes, ascidians, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > [noun] > parts of > placenta and related parts

glean1601

placenta1638

subplacenta1807

trophocalyx1889

trophodisc1889

trophosphere1889

trophospongia1889

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [noun] > placenta

secundine1398

afterburden?a1450

second birtha1513

afterbirth1527

second1562

glean1601

bed1611

placenta1638

sooterkina1658

womb-cake1657

womb-liver1657

womb-pancake1663

1638 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man (new ed.) i. xxvi. 252 About the upper part of the bottom, unto the which the placenta uteri is tyed, it becommeth almost two inches thick.

1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 510 He giveth a particular account of the double Placenta or Cake, to be found in Rabbets, Hares, Mice, Moles, &c.

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 67 The Blood still circulates through the Cotyledons or Placenta.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Placenta, in Anatomy, a softish Mass, found in the Womb of a pregnant Woman.

1782 Philos. Trans. 1781 (Royal Soc.) 71 359 5 women had the puerperal fever, of whom four died. In one of these the placenta was undelivered, and continued so to her death.

1832 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 68 72 I have observed..many placentæ expelled in natural labour.

1875 R. Owen in C. C. Blake Zoology Pref. p. ix Sharks bring forth their young alive, and nourish them while in the womb by a temporary structure called ‘placenta’.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 445 In Salpa the developing embryo is nourished by a placenta formed, in part at least, by follicle cells.

1923 J. M. M. Kerr et al. Combined Text-bk. Obstetr. & Gynæcol. xxvii. 390 In binovular twin pregnancy there are, no matter how closely the placentæ are approximated, two distinct chorions.

1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) v. 134 Some lizards and snakes have chorioallantoic placentae, reduced yolk, and other features normally thought of as purely mammalian.

1990 Birder's World Aug. 58/1 They frequent pupping grounds of seals, feeding on the feces and placentas of the seals.

2002 R. Porter Blood & Guts i. 7 Immunities passed via the placenta or mother's milk provide infants with some defence.

2. Botany. The place or part in an ovary where the ovules are attached. Also: (in ferns and fern allies) the point on a leaf where the sporangia arise.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > style or pistil and related parts > carpel and placenta

placenta1681

placentule1682

seedbed1720

trophosperm1819

replum1828

carpel1835

spermaphore1847

hemicarp1854

spermophore-

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis ii. iii. 233 The seat of the Placenta, black; which reaches almost half round the Bean.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. vii. 191 The Seeds stuck all round about upon the Ambit or Sides of the Case; or upon a great Bed or Placenta within it.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Flower of Parnassus A Membranous fruit..having..one cell full of seeds, fastened to a placenta which is often very square.

1749 Philos. Trans. 1748 (Royal Soc.) 45 565 Every Seed is fastened by its Point to the Placenta, as to a common Centre.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 75 Its ovarium contains, instead of three ovules adhering to a central placenta, one only, which is pendulous.

1865 G. Bentham Illustr. Handbk. Brit. Flora p. xxx Placentas are axile, when the ovules are attached to the axis or centre.

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 395 The sporangia arise..from some of the superficial cells of the placenta or part to which the sorus is attached.

1914 F. E. Fritsch & E. J. Salisbury Introd. Study Plants xix. 245 In an apocarpous ovary the carpels are folded so that their margins meet, each edge usually bearing a number of seed-rudiments or ovules..and being generally somewhat swollen to form a placenta.

1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) 580 At the base of the submerged leaf [in the Salviniaceae] are several globose sporocarps;..these enclose the sporangia, which arise from a columnar placenta.

1998 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 125 272/2 Placentae range in size from small bulges to prominent protrusions within the locules.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	placenta
释义	placentan. Brit. /pləˈsɛntə/, U.S. /pləˈsɛn(t)ə/ Inflections: Plural placentas, placentae. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin placenta. Etymology: < post-classical Latin placenta (1559 in sense 1), transferred use of classical Latin placenta a kind of flat cake < ancient Greek πλακόεντ- , πλακόεις (contracted πλακοῦντ- , πλακοῦς ) flat cake, also mallow seed < πλάκ- , πλάξ flat plate (see placo- comb. form) + -όεις , suffix generally forming adjectives. Compare French placenta (1642 in sense 1, 1694 in Tournefort in sense 2), Italian placenta (a1694 in sense 2, a1698 in sense 1), German Plazenta (16th cent. as Placenta in sense 1).In plural form placentae after the Latin plural form. 1. Anatomy and Zoology. A round, flat, spongy, vascular organ to which the fetus of most mammals (i.e. those other than monotremes and marsupials: see placental adj. 2) is attached by the umbilical cord, through which oxygen and nutrients pass from the maternal blood, and which is expelled as the afterbirth. Also: a structure having a similar function in other animals, such as certain viviparous fishes, ascidians, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > [noun] > parts of > placenta and related parts glean1601 placenta1638 subplacenta1807 trophocalyx1889 trophodisc1889 trophosphere1889 trophospongia1889 the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [noun] > placenta secundine1398 afterburden?a1450 second birtha1513 afterbirth1527 second1562 glean1601 bed1611 placenta1638 sooterkina1658 womb-cake1657 womb-liver1657 womb-pancake1663 1638 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man (new ed.) i. xxvi. 252 About the upper part of the bottom, unto the which the placenta uteri is tyed, it becommeth almost two inches thick. 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 510 He giveth a particular account of the double Placenta or Cake, to be found in Rabbets, Hares, Mice, Moles, &c. 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 67 The Blood still circulates through the Cotyledons or Placenta. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Placenta, in Anatomy, a softish Mass, found in the Womb of a pregnant Woman. 1782 Philos. Trans. 1781 (Royal Soc.) 71 359 5 women had the puerperal fever, of whom four died. In one of these the placenta was undelivered, and continued so to her death. 1832 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 68 72 I have observed..many placentæ expelled in natural labour. 1875 R. Owen in C. C. Blake Zoology Pref. p. ix Sharks bring forth their young alive, and nourish them while in the womb by a temporary structure called ‘placenta’. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 445 In Salpa the developing embryo is nourished by a placenta formed, in part at least, by follicle cells. 1923 J. M. M. Kerr et al. Combined Text-bk. Obstetr. & Gynæcol. xxvii. 390 In binovular twin pregnancy there are, no matter how closely the placentæ are approximated, two distinct chorions. 1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) v. 134 Some lizards and snakes have chorioallantoic placentae, reduced yolk, and other features normally thought of as purely mammalian. 1990 Birder's World Aug. 58/1 They frequent pupping grounds of seals, feeding on the feces and placentas of the seals. 2002 R. Porter Blood & Guts i. 7 Immunities passed via the placenta or mother's milk provide infants with some defence. 2. Botany. The place or part in an ovary where the ovules are attached. Also: (in ferns and fern allies) the point on a leaf where the sporangia arise. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > style or pistil and related parts > carpel and placenta placenta1681 placentule1682 seedbed1720 trophosperm1819 replum1828 carpel1835 spermaphore1847 hemicarp1854 spermophore- 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis ii. iii. 233 The seat of the Placenta, black; which reaches almost half round the Bean. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. vii. 191 The Seeds stuck all round about upon the Ambit or Sides of the Case; or upon a great Bed or Placenta within it. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Flower of Parnassus A Membranous fruit..having..one cell full of seeds, fastened to a placenta which is often very square. 1749 Philos. Trans. 1748 (Royal Soc.) 45 565 Every Seed is fastened by its Point to the Placenta, as to a common Centre. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 75 Its ovarium contains, instead of three ovules adhering to a central placenta, one only, which is pendulous. 1865 G. Bentham Illustr. Handbk. Brit. Flora p. xxx Placentas are axile, when the ovules are attached to the axis or centre. 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 395 The sporangia arise..from some of the superficial cells of the placenta or part to which the sorus is attached. 1914 F. E. Fritsch & E. J. Salisbury Introd. Study Plants xix. 245 In an apocarpous ovary the carpels are folded so that their margins meet, each edge usually bearing a number of seed-rudiments or ovules..and being generally somewhat swollen to form a placenta. 1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) 580 At the base of the submerged leaf [in the Salviniaceae] are several globose sporocarps;..these enclose the sporangia, which arise from a columnar placenta. 1998 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 125 272/2 Placentae range in size from small bulges to prominent protrusions within the locules. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1638
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