| 释义 |
plentyn.adj.adv. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French plenté, plented, pleinté. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French plenté, plentee (compare α. forms), Anglo-Norman plented, plenteit, Anglo-Norman and Old French plentet (compare β. forms), Anglo-Norman pleinté, pleintee (compare γ. forms) (French regional (northern) plainté , pleinté , plenté ) great number, great deal, large amount or quantity, multitude, abundance, plentifulness (all 12th cent.), in Anglo-Norman also generosity, bounty (c1415 or earlier) < classical Latin plēnitās (see plenity n.). Compare Old Occitan plantat fullness, abundance, large amount, number or quantity, multitude, perfection (c1200; also plendat (c1300), plenetat (a1219), plentat (c1240)).Apparently attested slightly earlier as a surname (Simon Plente (1230)), although it is unclear whether this should be interpreted as reflecting the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word. With the β forms compare e.g. dainteth n., poortith n. The northern Middle English β forms plentes , plentez (compare quot. a1400 at β. forms) are difficult to explain; they may represent a plural form used in singular sense, or perhaps reflect the Anglo-Norman and Old French nominative singular forms plentés , plentez (although these are apparently not attested after the late 13th cent.). With plenty of , great plenty compare Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French plenté de , grant plenté (12th cent.). With in plenty at sense A. 2c (compare sense A. 2c) compare Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French a plenté in abundance, in great numbers (12th cent.; French (now regional (northern)) a planté). The use as adjective, which is unparalleled in French, apparently developed out of an idiomatic use of the noun. A. n. 1. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > an abundance a1250 (?a1200) (Nero) (1952) 85 Plente of worldliche þinges. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 139 (MED) In þe contrey of kanterbury, mest plente of fiss is. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 85 (MED) Offir is an ylond of Ynde; þerynne is greet plente [L. copia] of golde. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour (Adv.) v. 291 Off mete & drynk..thai had plente. 1533 T. Elyot i. f. 13v He..shulde here me commende the plesure that is in sumptuous and pleasaunt housis, in rich apparaile and tapestries, in plentie of goodly and fayre concubines. c1540 (?a1400) 5478 His kyngdom was clene clustrit with hilles..And no playne in no place, ne plentie of vales. 1555 E. Bonner 2 That multitude and plenteth of preachers. a1603 T. Cartwright (1618) 725 By this plentith and overflow of Gods blessings. 1697 W. Dampier xi. 316 They have plenty of Clove-bark, of which I saw a Ship-load. 1756 No. 105. 632 He was in a fine open country with plenty of foxes. 1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook iii, in (new ed.) 56 I was na fou, but just had plenty. 1796 I. 137 He was well to live, and was said to have plenty of money besides his stock. 1847 J. W. Carlyle I. 394 I have plenty to employ me, in siding drawers. 1857 F. D. Maurice i. 5 A treatise containing plenty of errors. 1881 A. Mackie 45 Plenty of the boys at our school know Greek. 1885 F. J. Fargus 192 We were in plenty of time. 1903 W. B. Yeats 16 Nov. (1994) III. 467 I will say nothing about any living poet. If he would have the goodness to die I would have plenty to say. 1939 R. Stout xiv. 164 The bill was $66.20, which was plenty. 1973 ‘M. Yorke’ i. vi. 35 He must have paid plenty for the place, besides what they're going to lash out in alterations. 1996 8 Jan. 21/4 There is plenty to criticise in this directive. 2004 Apr. 38/2 There's been plenty of debate about whether Microsoft's new console will have a hard drive. the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount c1300 (Laud) (1868) 1173 (MED) Þer weren penies þicke tolde, Mikle plente upon þe bok. ?a1425 (?c1350) (Rawl.) 1980 (MED) Gay herbes and treese þare gan he se, And fowles sang, full gret plente. a1450–1509 (?a1300) (A-version) (1913) 1496 Styward,..Bye vs vessel, gret plente, Dysschys, cuppys and sawsers [etc.]. a1475 (Sloane) (1862) 26 (MED) Take whyte wyne, I telle þe, And sugur þerto, ryȝt grete plente. a1500 (?a1425) (Harl.) (1889) 1364 There lordis were, grete plente. ?a1500 in G. Henslow (1899) 38 Ȝef hym to drynke goud wyn, goud plente. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus vi. 270 They haue goates great plentie. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > an abundance a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Deeds xxii. 6 At myddai sudeynli fro heuene a greet plente of liȝt schoon aboute me. a1530 T. Lupset (1533) f. 14v A plenty of thynges apperteinynge to our vse and necessitees. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin iii. f. 153v They had remaining so great a plentie of deseruinges. 1628 O. Felltham xi. 30 If euer I should wish a plenty; it should be for my friends, not me. 1629 J. Ford iii. 43 That freedome Which heauen hath with a plenty made you rich in. 1726 G. Shelvocke xiii. 401 This soil produces a plenty of wood. 1787 M. Cutler Jrnl. 14 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler (1888) I. 274 The river, where a plenty of several kinds of fish may be caught. 1823 J. Galt I. ix. 39 Some of te lands o' Lennox would be great commodity, and a plenty o' pleasure to all te Glenfruins. 1854 W. M. Thackeray I. xxvi. 249 A plenty of smoke was delivered from the council of three. 1893 ‘Q’ (new ed.) 3 A plenty of silver hair fell over his fur collar. 1919 L. M. Montgomery (1920) x. 104 There's a plenty o' cold biled meat and bread and you kin try your hand at making porridge. 1935 W. Faulkner 122 ‘Three will pay the bus,’ Schumann said. ‘Just take three more.’ ‘Yair,’ Jiggs said. ‘Seven or eight will be a plenty.’ 1946 M. Mezzrow & B. Wolfe 3 Took my public school training in three jails and a plenty of poolrooms. 1976 in M. B. Montgomery & J. S. Hall (2004) 19/2 They'd come up off of that job up there and buy their whiskey on up this way and get a plenty of whiskey. 2. the mind > possession > wealth > [noun] c1300 St. Brendan (Laud) 402 in C. Horstmann (1887) 230 (MED) Heore procratour to hem cam and was euer in plente; he brouȝte heom mete and drinke i-nouȝ. the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [noun] > fullness or completeness 1340 (1866) 161 (MED) Þe zixte comþ of deuocioun and of grat plente and of blisse of þe presense of Iesu crist. a1382 (Bodl. 959) Psalms xxiii. 1 Off þe lord is þe erþe and þe plente [a1425 L.V. fulnesse; L. plenitudo] of it. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 1359 Quen þe plentez [a1400 Fairf. plentes; a1400 Gött. plente] sal cum o time. c1475 (?c1400) (1842) 30 He holdiþ not þe plente ne þe perfeccoun þat falliþ to his consecracoun. c1520 M. Nisbet (1901) I. Luke vi. 45 Of the plentee of the hart the mouth spekis. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > in abundance [phrase] a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xli. 31 To spyllyng þe gretenes of plentiþ [L. ubertatis]. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Royal) iv. 687 Gyff ony wattrys ware Off..sic plente That to thame all thare drynk mycht be. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece (1821) I. xxxi In Lorn growis beir with gret plente. 1551 W. Turner sig. D ij Camomyle groweth..in mooste plenty of al, in hunsley hethe. 1622 E. Misselden (1623) 117 By reason of the plenty of money. 1634 W. Wood ii. xix. 95 In the Summer..when Lobsters be in their plenty and prime. 1687 J. Clayton Let. in (Royal Soc.) (1742) 41 160 They gathered it [sc. jimsonweed]; and by eating thereof in plenty, were rendered apish and foolish. 1722 D. Defoe 213 By this means, Bread was always to be had in Plenty, and as cheap as usual. 1786 J. H. Tooke iii. 68 They [sc. abbreviations] have been introduced, in different plenty, and more or less happily, in all Languages. 1866 C. M. Yonge Cameos lxxvi, in May 396 Compliments passed in plenty. 1894 ‘A. Hope’ xv. 214 Wicked men I have known in plenty, but Robert Hentzau remains unique in my experience. 1938 ‘Mrs. Gossip’ in 1 Dec. 12 Coffee could be had in plenty. 1992 J. Torrington v. 27 Of course Rhona and me had gone on seeing each other—there were parks in plenty thereabouts to serve our purpose. the mind > possession > giving > liberal giving > [noun] > liberality c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. 1758 (MED) Fortune..is benygne..tassygne Hir spokes..to tourne with plente on ȝour chaunce. a1500 (a1400) (Adv.) (1930) 24 (MED) His mete was ffre to euery man..He was full of plente. a1500 (Rawl.) (1896) 103 (MED) He was..hey of berynge in house, and not of plente, of myche speche, and lytyl trouth. 3. the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] > prosperous conditions c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) (1898) 1003 (MED) Gret plente hadde þe widewe þo. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xi. 323 (MED) Pouerte and plente, bothe pees and werre..bothe I seigh. ?1435 ( J. Lydgate (1934) ii. 633 To regne in pees, plente, and plesaunce. a1475 (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 2295 (MED) Plente was of al þing, Til mannes syne made letting. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. sig. Bb.iiv Such plenty made so scarce, such criyng for redresse. 1601 W. Cornwallis II. xlix. sig. Nn1v Profite is diuided into the obteyning peace, and plentie. a1635 R. Corbett (1871) To live in such a land of plenty. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil 55 The Sire of Gods and Men..Forbids our Plenty to be bought with Ease. View more context for this quotation 1751 T. Gray xvi. 8 To scatter plenty o'er a smiling land. 1776 A. Smith II. iv. ii. 42 The plenty of one year does not compensate the scarcity of another. 1804 W. Clark Jrnl. 11 Sept. in (1987) III. 66 A man had like to have Starved to death in a land of Plenty for the want of Bulletes or Something to kill his meat. 1855 T. B. Macaulay III. xvi. 680 Here, therefore, was a plenty unknown in any other part of Munster. 1958 9 June 15/4 It is usually the case that scarcity leads to overstocking, while in times of plenty users run their stocks at the lowest permittable level. 1991 22 Sept. (Mag.) 20/1 Palchik reacts to the plenty of an Israeli supermarket. the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > personal or movable property c1384 (Douce 369(2)) 1 Macc. x. 36 Plentees [L. copiæ] shuln be ȝouen to hem. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) iii. 675 (MED) Bestiall folk made hire [sc. Fortune] a goddesse, Falsli wenyng she myhte hem most auaile With hir plentes off habundant richesse. 1573 G. Gascoigne tr. Ariosto in Adventures F.I. in 258 Who hath not prou'd what dearth by warres doth growe, Cannot of peace the pleasaunt plenties knowe. 1595 B. Barnes xxv Thou that with plenties euery creature feedes, And blessed bounties which bestowes each hower. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. ii. 35 Peace, Deare Nourse of Arts, Plentyes, and ioyfull Births. View more context for this quotation a1628 C. Brooke (1872) 168 The board being spread, furnisht with various plenties. 1671 I. Barrow 193 Can we with any content taste our dainties, or view our plenties, while the poor man stands in sight pining with hunger? 1723 Duke of Wharton No. 52. ¶7 The exuberant Plenties of a most benificent Climate. 1795 J. Morton 8 They shared the plenties of his table. 1820 S. T. Coleridge 8 Aug. (2000) V. 96 The Islands of the Pacific..blest with all the plenties of nature. a1863 W. M. Thackeray (1904) 15 Poor in purse were both, but rich in Tender love's delicious plenties. B. adj. 1. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] > specific following a noun a1382 (Bodl. 959) Esther i. 7 Wyn also, as it was worþi for þe kingys grete doyng, plente [a1425 L.V. plenteuouse; L. abundans] & cheef was sett. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 4811 (MED) Bot quen þai sagh þat corn plente, Bliþer men moght neuer be. c1540 (?a1400) 5183 Make puruiaunce plentie..That may..comford our ost. a1586 (?a1513) W. Dunbar (1998) I. 257 Fair claythis and gold plaintie. 1614 T. Jackson iii. xvi. §7 The meanest handmaid..had infallible pledges plenty of his extraordinary calling. 1781 P. Beckford xxiii. 308 [Oxford toast] Hounds stout, and horses healthy, Earths well stopp'd, and foxes plenty. 1818 J. Bentham 420 Who has conies plenty to dispose of cheap. 1844 E. B. Barrett II. 181 What glory then for me In such a company?—Roses plenty, roses plenty, And one nightingale for twenty? 1904 H. R. Martin 47 I'm well fixed. I got money plenty. 1939 J. Joyce ii. 316 Besides proof plenty, over proof. 1998 Re: ISS Sabotage by Russian Renegades? in sci.space.policy (Usenet newsgroup) 16 Nov. I think the cold war is evidence plenty to show that the Russians will act in their national interest if it is in conflict with treaty. 2003 (Nexis) 27 Sept. 2 h Anyone in attendance today at Movie Gallery Stadium will witness proof plenty of the veteran coach's claim. the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [adjective] > abundant, numerous the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] > specific predicatively a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 23460 (MED) All oþerkin blisses þat mai be, All þire in þe sal be plente. a1425 (?a1400) in R. H. Robbins (1952) 53 Þe more he es to men plente, Þe more ȝernid always es he. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart II. cxxvi. [cxxii.] 357 At this siege euery thynge was plenty. ?1577 J. Northbrooke 4 As for Sermons they are not daintie, but very plentie. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. v. 243 If Reasons were as plentie [1598 plentifull] as Black-berries, I would giue no man a Reason vpon compulsion. 1656 H. Phillippes (1676) 6 Where money is plenty, and land scarce. 1722 D. Defoe 100 Where they could not find such, for they were not very plenty. 1779 H. Cowley i. 1 When flowers are plenty, no body will buy 'em. 1803 S. Smith (1850) 32 In the one, land is scarce, and men plenty; in the other, men are scarce, and land is plenty. 1847 J. S. Le Fanu 84 Wherever kicks and cuffs are plentiest. 1869 ‘M. Twain’ xxxiv. 368 Mosques are plenty, churches are plenty, graveyards are plenty, but morals and whisky are scarce. 1883 R. L. Stevenson 235 It is the same, they say, in the neighbourhood of all silver mines; the nature of that precious rock being stubborn with quartz and poisonous with cinnabar. Both were plenty in our Silverado. 1931 ‘D. Stiff’ x. 112 In good times, when jobs are plenty,..the man catchers and labor sharks are out on the streets pulling them in. 1998 Winter 30/2 Indications were that buffalo were plenty. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] > specific attributively ?a1610 A. Montgomerie (1887) xlii. 19 Plentie things ar prysde to lytill pryce. 1806 S. Fraser (1960) 231 The Indians also state that there are plenty white fish unconu some trout carp Jub, &c. in the fall of the year. 1845 T. C. Latto 62 Eh! but I'd gie them a' their flegs, Wi' plenty clarts, an' rotten eggs. 1857 E. Bandel Diary 28 May in R. P. Bieber (1932) 138 A splendid country around us: plenty wood and water. 1899 ‘S. Rudd’ in W. Murdoch & H. Drake-Brockman (1951) 111 The water they brought was a little thick..but Dad put plenty ashes in the cask to clear it. 1934 D. L. Sayers 240 There's plenty farms now with the big brewing coppers still standing. 1942 ‘M. Innes’ ii. 47 I've known plenty men turn queer there. 1973 1 Apr. (Suppl.) 12/3 When all dem fellas gambling and heap up plenty money, we..bawl out ‘Police!’ 1998 A. Warner 2 We'll be plonked on the bus an back here in plenty time for the Mantrap slow dances. 2001 J. Paisley 154 Nae doot they'd aw hae plenty stories tae tell then. Run aff at the mooth, nae bother. the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] > having good, natural, or material resources > having plentiful resources or abundance c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) ii. 6359 (MED) Þe lond..was plenteuous boþe of corn & greyne..Of best and foules passingly plente. 1570 (c1478) Hary (Lekprevik) viii. 990 (note) Schir, be ye gydyt be me, The bowndandest [v.r. plentiest] part off Ingland ye sall se. 1583 P. Stubbes sig. B3v Is this country fruitfull, and plenty of all things or barren, and emptie? the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective] 1933 Aug. 47/1 In sum, Mr. Brown plays plenty trombone or, as his friend suggested, a gang o'horn. 1941 R. P. Smith 53 When they want to say a man's good, they say he plays plenty sax or plenty drums. 2002 K. ya Salaam (Electronic text) 25 They got a bunch of them young fellows coming on the scene today and they're playing plenty horn. C. adv.the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] 1775 J. Greenman Jrnl. Dec. in (1978) 23 Snowed and blowed very plenty. 1928 J. M. March ii. vi. 78 I'll fix you plenty, you son of a bitch! 1934 J. M. Cain vi. 48 I was plenty blue around the gills. 1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty iii. 45 Benny Goodman came around plenty, too, and eventually he asked me to make my first record with him. 1972 G. C. H. Thomas 99 You've heard about them plenty in the West Indies and elsewhere. 1986 G. Benford & D. Brin (1987) vii. 469 There's plenty enough heterozygosity. 1997 O. P. Adisa iv. 172 Charley, you don't need to call me Miss Angel, and me liking Kristoff plenty-plenty. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adverb] 1842 J. Aiton 253 A leaden collar for the stick, with the hole in the collar plenty large enough. 1877 J. Butler in J. Garner (1996) 115 The river is not broad but plenty broad enough for navigation. 1908 M. E. Morgan (1973) xii. 85 Cut the hood..making it plenty large enough to slip on easily over Dolly's head. 1939 J. Joyce ii. 311 And plenty good enough, neighbour Norreys, every bit and grain. 1992 27 May 24/2 This quintessential teen flick is plenty dumb enough to serve as a fanfare for the official arrival of summer. 2000 31 May (Brisbane ed.) 2/3 Shier should, of course, have been plenty big enough to take all this in his stride. Phrasesc1300 St. Michael (Laud) 266 in C. Horstmann (1887) 307 (MED) Plente is no deinte, ase we al day i-seot. c1449 R. Pecock (1860) 184 (MED) Experience wole weel schewe that plente is no deinte. 1543 R. Record i. sig. A.iiv Plenty is no denty, as the comen sayenge is. 1546 J. Heywood ii. iv. sig. Giiiv Plentie is no deyntie. 1749 B. Franklin sig. B2v Too much plenty makes Mouth dainty. 1770 L. Chambaud (new ed.) 176 Les Anglois disent encore, Plenty makes dainty, and Plenty is no dainty. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) Matt. xii. 34 The mouth spekith of the grete plente [v.r. habundaunce; L. abundantia] of the herte. c1475 Prov. Wisdom (Rawl.) 159 in (1893) 90 247 (MED) Who of plente wyll take no hede, Shal fynd defawte in tyme of nede. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy (1901) I. iii. i. 241 Plente generis contemptioun. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy iii. i. 88 But plentie, as the manner is, soone caused lothing. 1684 J. Clayton 4 A place where plenty makes poverty, Ignorance ingenuity, & covetousness causes hospitality. a1720 J. Hughes (1735) I. 24 Peace has no Charms, and Plenty's Poverty. 1783 G. Crabbe i. 10 Where Plenty smiles—alas! she smiles for few. 1961 V. Lofts (1976) i. 15 ‘No profit in plenty,’ he would say. Compounds C1. a. 1681 T. Jordan 12 My Name Fructifera, The Plenty-Governess of India. 1654 R. Whitlock 56 Plentymongers (that wanton away their own or Husbands Moneys). b. 1593 T. Nashe f. 73v Great plenty-scanting calamities, art thou to await, for wanton disguising thy selfe against kind. C2. society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > low price or rate > [noun] 1860 T. P. Thompson (1861) III. cxxix. 88 That corn merchants in a famine ought to sell their corn at plenty price. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.adj.adv.a1250 |
