populistn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpɒpjᵿlɪst/, U.S.

/ˈpɑpjələst/

Forms: also (esp. in sense A. 1), with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin populus , -ist suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin populus people n. + -ist suffix. In sense A. 2 after Russian narodnik Narodnik n.; compare French populiste (adjective) (1904 or earlier in a political context, but without indication which country it refers to; 1923 with reference to Russia), noun (1907 in sense A. 2). In sense A. 3 after French populiste, adjective (1929 or earlier in this sense: see quot. 1929; the use as noun is apparently not paralleled in French). Compare earlier popularist n., popularist adj. Compare populism n., and slightly later populistic adj.With sense A. 3 compare:1929 L. Lemonnier in Revue Mondiale 1 Oct. 285 Tous ces romanciers viennent de se grouper et de se donner un nom: ils veulent être les romanciers populistes. Ils entendent le mot dans un sens très large.

A. n.

1. An adherent of a political party, the People's Party, formed in the United States in 1891 to represent the interests of the entire population. Now historical.The policies of the Populists included public control of railways, limitation of private ownership of land, extension of the currency by free coinage of silver and increased issue of paper money, a graduated income tax, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > member or adherent of People's party

populist1891

Popocrat1892

1891 N.Y. Times 12 Jan. 11/2 It later transpired that arrangements had been made by the Populists' majority in the Senate with Populist members in the House.

1893 G. Smith in 19th Cent. July 138 A People's party—Populists, as, by a barbarism, they are called.

1901 N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 278 The organization of the Populists, trampling under foot the Constitution, in pursuit of objects over a greater part of which Congress has no jurisdiction.

1948 Chicago Daily News 4 May 12/1 Imagine the old Populists..trying to cover up their political affiliations.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1386/2 White and black Populists seldom exceeded the prescribed limits of southern society.

2. A member of a Russian political party representing the peasantry and advocating agricultural collectivism. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > populism > populist

popularist1882

populist1895

1895 P. Milyoukov in Athenæum 6 July 25/1 The first [group] values primitive collectivism because it regards it as an inalienable trait in the character of the Russian people... [It] sticks to its old name of ‘Populists’.

1905 19th Cent. Jan. 43 Nobody but a ‘populist’ who loves the people..will come and stay.

1950 Foreign Affairs Apr. 367 Tolstoy and the populists were profoundly mistaken: the simple agricultural labourer had no deep truths, no valuable way of life, to impart.

1992 Mod. Painters Spring 100/2 The perfection of the picture, ideologically, is that it has all the attributes eventually laid down by party critics—some derived from Lenin, some from the populists of the previous century.

3. A member of a group of French novelists in the late 1920s and early 1930s who emphasized observation of and sympathy with ordinary people. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary movements or theories > adherent of

modernist1703

symbolist1812

romanticist1821

classicist1827

romantic1827

symbolizer1854

archaist1867

realist1868

verist1884

naturalist1888

naturist1892

Teutonist1894

veritist1894

literary theorist1896

neoclassicist1899

social realist1909

futurist1911

postmodernist1914

vorticist1914

postmodern1917

Scythian1923

surrealist1925

populist1930

ultraist1931

socialist-realist1935

lettrist1946

New Negro1953

formalist1955

pre-modernist1962

Scyth1972

dirty realist1987

po-mo1996

1930 L. Lemonnier in This Quarter Mar. 443 At last, we hit upon the word ‘populism’. It clearly expressed the fact that we meant to depict the people; it was not altogether a new word in French, inasmuch as it had been used to translate the name of the German political party Volkspartei, but it had never as yet been applied to any artistic, political or literary movement specifically French. Having then dubbed ourselves populists, we decided to write a manifesto.

1934 PMLA 49 361 A sort of Tolstoyan sympathy is a cardinal virtue in the eyes of the Populists.

1934 Notes & Queries 26 May 361/2 Eugène Dabit (a genuine proletarian), though a populist, begins somewhat to abandon the political and social neutrality.

4. A person who seeks to represent or appeal to the interests of ordinary people.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > populism or proletarianism > [noun] > adherent of

populist1961

1961 Listener 30 Nov. 897/2 They are not Populists or Poujadists.

1977 Time (Europe ed.) 7 Mar. 7/1 Brogan questions whether Carter is a bona fide populist at all.

1993 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. 22 Jan. a10/5 Coming right after the announcement that Chelsea Clinton is headed for private school, it also heightens the cynicism about Yuppies among the new populists.

B. adj.

Intended to appeal to or represent the interests of ordinary people; spec. of or relating to a political party formed in the United States in 1891 to represent the interests of the entire population (now historical). Cf. popularist adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > populism or proletarianism > [adjective]

popularist1882

populist1891

populistic1891

1891 N.Y. Times 12 Jan. 11/2 Populist members in the House.

1898 Nation (N.Y.) 7 July 6/2 The Populist Governor abused his power by appointing as commissioners only men of his own party.

1924 Glasgow Herald 4 July 7 He [sc. the Russian intellectual] has lost much of his former ‘populist’ idealism, of his old worship of the people.

1931 French Rev. 4 473 This paper will give an account of the rise and origins of the populist school.

1955 H. Peyre Contemp. Fr. Novel ii. 47 Duhamel never made a speciality of the study of misery, as did the proletarian novelists and later a short-lived group of ‘populist’ novelists (Henri Poulaille, André Thérive, Eugène Dabit).

1969 R. Blackburn in A. Cockburn & R. Blackburn Student Power 190 A wholesale revision of classic liberal democratic theory to eliminate its dangerously populist tendencies and to accommodate the elitist features of contemporary capitalist society.

1977 Time 21 Mar. 53/3 Ironically, the very success of Carter's populist appeal may cause him special backlash problems.

1996 Guardian 7 Mar. (OnLine section) 9/4 But Java, unlike the Web, is not a populist technology.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	populist
释义	populistn.adj. Brit. /ˈpɒpjᵿlɪst/, U.S. /ˈpɑpjələst/ Forms: also (esp. in sense A. 1), with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin populus , -ist suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin populus people n. + -ist suffix. In sense A. 2 after Russian narodnik Narodnik n.; compare French populiste (adjective) (1904 or earlier in a political context, but without indication which country it refers to; 1923 with reference to Russia), noun (1907 in sense A. 2). In sense A. 3 after French populiste, adjective (1929 or earlier in this sense: see quot. 1929; the use as noun is apparently not paralleled in French). Compare earlier popularist n., popularist adj. Compare populism n., and slightly later populistic adj.With sense A. 3 compare:1929 L. Lemonnier in Revue Mondiale 1 Oct. 285 Tous ces romanciers viennent de se grouper et de se donner un nom: ils veulent être les romanciers populistes. Ils entendent le mot dans un sens très large. A. n. 1. An adherent of a political party, the People's Party, formed in the United States in 1891 to represent the interests of the entire population. Now historical.The policies of the Populists included public control of railways, limitation of private ownership of land, extension of the currency by free coinage of silver and increased issue of paper money, a graduated income tax, etc. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > member or adherent of People's party populist1891 Popocrat1892 1891 N.Y. Times 12 Jan. 11/2 It later transpired that arrangements had been made by the Populists' majority in the Senate with Populist members in the House. 1893 G. Smith in 19th Cent. July 138 A People's party—Populists, as, by a barbarism, they are called. 1901 N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 278 The organization of the Populists, trampling under foot the Constitution, in pursuit of objects over a greater part of which Congress has no jurisdiction. 1948 Chicago Daily News 4 May 12/1 Imagine the old Populists..trying to cover up their political affiliations. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1386/2 White and black Populists seldom exceeded the prescribed limits of southern society. 2. A member of a Russian political party representing the peasantry and advocating agricultural collectivism. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > populism > populist popularist1882 populist1895 1895 P. Milyoukov in Athenæum 6 July 25/1 The first [group] values primitive collectivism because it regards it as an inalienable trait in the character of the Russian people... [It] sticks to its old name of ‘Populists’. 1905 19th Cent. Jan. 43 Nobody but a ‘populist’ who loves the people..will come and stay. 1950 Foreign Affairs Apr. 367 Tolstoy and the populists were profoundly mistaken: the simple agricultural labourer had no deep truths, no valuable way of life, to impart. 1992 Mod. Painters Spring 100/2 The perfection of the picture, ideologically, is that it has all the attributes eventually laid down by party critics—some derived from Lenin, some from the populists of the previous century. 3. A member of a group of French novelists in the late 1920s and early 1930s who emphasized observation of and sympathy with ordinary people. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary movements or theories > adherent of modernist1703 symbolist1812 romanticist1821 classicist1827 romantic1827 symbolizer1854 archaist1867 realist1868 verist1884 naturalist1888 naturist1892 Teutonist1894 veritist1894 literary theorist1896 neoclassicist1899 social realist1909 futurist1911 postmodernist1914 vorticist1914 postmodern1917 Scythian1923 surrealist1925 populist1930 ultraist1931 socialist-realist1935 lettrist1946 New Negro1953 formalist1955 pre-modernist1962 Scyth1972 dirty realist1987 po-mo1996 1930 L. Lemonnier in This Quarter Mar. 443 At last, we hit upon the word ‘populism’. It clearly expressed the fact that we meant to depict the people; it was not altogether a new word in French, inasmuch as it had been used to translate the name of the German political party Volkspartei, but it had never as yet been applied to any artistic, political or literary movement specifically French. Having then dubbed ourselves populists, we decided to write a manifesto. 1934 PMLA 49 361 A sort of Tolstoyan sympathy is a cardinal virtue in the eyes of the Populists. 1934 Notes & Queries 26 May 361/2 Eugène Dabit (a genuine proletarian), though a populist, begins somewhat to abandon the political and social neutrality. 4. A person who seeks to represent or appeal to the interests of ordinary people. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > populism or proletarianism > [noun] > adherent of populist1961 1961 Listener 30 Nov. 897/2 They are not Populists or Poujadists. 1977 Time (Europe ed.) 7 Mar. 7/1 Brogan questions whether Carter is a bona fide populist at all. 1993 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. 22 Jan. a10/5 Coming right after the announcement that Chelsea Clinton is headed for private school, it also heightens the cynicism about Yuppies among the new populists. B. adj. Intended to appeal to or represent the interests of ordinary people; spec. of or relating to a political party formed in the United States in 1891 to represent the interests of the entire population (now historical). Cf. popularist adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > populism or proletarianism > [adjective] popularist1882 populist1891 populistic1891 1891 N.Y. Times 12 Jan. 11/2 Populist members in the House. 1898 Nation (N.Y.) 7 July 6/2 The Populist Governor abused his power by appointing as commissioners only men of his own party. 1924 Glasgow Herald 4 July 7 He [sc. the Russian intellectual] has lost much of his former ‘populist’ idealism, of his old worship of the people. 1931 French Rev. 4 473 This paper will give an account of the rise and origins of the populist school. 1955 H. Peyre Contemp. Fr. Novel ii. 47 Duhamel never made a speciality of the study of misery, as did the proletarian novelists and later a short-lived group of ‘populist’ novelists (Henri Poulaille, André Thérive, Eugène Dabit). 1969 R. Blackburn in A. Cockburn & R. Blackburn Student Power 190 A wholesale revision of classic liberal democratic theory to eliminate its dangerously populist tendencies and to accommodate the elitist features of contemporary capitalist society. 1977 Time 21 Mar. 53/3 Ironically, the very success of Carter's populist appeal may cause him special backlash problems. 1996 Guardian 7 Mar. (OnLine section) 9/4 But Java, unlike the Web, is not a populist technology. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1891
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