ploukn.

Brit.

/pluːk/, U.S.

/pluk/, Scottish English

/pluk/

Forms: Middle English plowke, Middle English–1500s plouke, 1500s plucke, 1500s–1600s plouk, 1900s– plook (Irish English (northern)); English regional (northern) 1700s plouch, 1800s plewk, 1800s plouk, 1800s– pleuk, 1800s– pleukk, 1800s– plook, 1800s– pluik, 1800s– pluke, 1900s– pluck; Scottish pre-1700 plowk, pre-1700 1700s–1800s pluck, pre-1700 1700s– plouk, pre-1700 1700s– pluke, pre-1700 1800s pluik, pre-1700 1900s– plouck, pre-1700 (1900s– Shetland) pluk, 1700s– plook, 1800s pleuk, 1800s plug, 1900s– peuk (northern), 1900s– ploog (northern).

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps compare Middle Low German forms with voiceless final consonant at plug n., but these do not show an exact semantic or formal parallel. (For evidence of a possible loan in Older Scots from such Middle Low German forms see Dict. Older Sc. Tongue s.v. pluk-, ploukin(g verbal n.¹ ‘the action of inserting a plug or wedge into a hole or aperture in a barrel in order to stop it up’.)For Scottish Gaelic pluc lump, knot, bung, tumour, pimple see discussion at plug n.; in the senses relevant here this is probably after Scots.

Now Scottish and English regional (northern).

1. A pimple, a spot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > eruption > [noun] > spot of > pimple

pimplea1398

plouk?c1425

whealc1440

knoll1499

red spota1500

knop1558

blob1597

bumb1598

pumple1601

burl1607

pimple spot1658

tiler1660

pipjenny1670

papula1694

grub1731

papilla1793

papule1828

maculopapule1900

hickey1934

zit1965

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 74 Smale apostemes..ben outsemynges and bleynes and smale ploukes [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. litel pustules bothoralez; L. pustule parue bothorales] apperynge in þe skyn.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 97^v A Plowke, puscula, pusculentus.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 168^v If they [sc. raisins] be layd to with rue..they heale rede angri nyght ploukes and sores.

1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. i. sig. B1^v A pestilentious byle..stryking out in many heades or in many plukes.

1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 510 Head plouks and blaines, rub it with the iuice & wine.

1610 P. Anderson Colde Spring Kinghorne Craig sig. A2 No liquor hath been tryed more excellent for itching, and heat of the face with plouks, & pustuls then this water.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 64 The twa men war verie read and tead-lyk faced, for ploukes and lumpes.

1772 Edinb. Evening Courant 12 Aug. Her face somewhat foul, and small plooks about the brow.

1804 R. Anderson et al. Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 106 Aw spatter'd owre wi' reed plouks.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 131 Plooks, small scabs or blotches.

1892 Arbroath Guide 13 Feb. 4 Jock's luckless feature was his nose..Wi' plooks set roond like curran' berries.

1980 G. Hammond Reward Game xiii. 186 There he goes,..just as you said, even to the wee pluke beside his mouth.

1985 W. Hodgson in Lakeland Dial. Sept. 37 He hed..a plook on his snoot at meade it shine like a ripe tomata.

1993 I. Welsh Trainspotting 213 Billy, ma contempt for you jist grew over the years. It displaced the fear, jist sortay squeezed it oot, like pus fae a pluke.

2. Scottish. A small knob situated a short distance below the brim of a metal measuring vessel to show the point of exact measure. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring volume > measuring vessels > knob on vessel marking exact measure

plouk1574

1574 Statute of Measures 26 Feb. in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. 1573–1589 (1882) 11 That euery mesour haue..within the lyp ane plouk tua inche beneth the samyn.

1599 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 93 That all stoupis..sal be agriabill in mesour to the jug and stampit with the townis stamp, and that the pluik be benethe the mouth of ilk stoup as followis.

1686 G. Mackenzie Observ. Acts Parl. 120 By our custom there is a Plouck in every Jugg or Stoup, and the Wine is only measured to the Mark or Plouck but Ale and strong Waters are measur'd to the top.

1692 A. Symson Large Descr. Galloway (1823) 99 They disagree about the measure of the pint; the town alledging, that it should be jugg measure, and some of the countrey alledging, that it should be only pluck measure.

1779 J. Swinton Proposal Weights Scotl. 86 The jug, filled to the plouk, regulates the firlot for Wheat, Pease, Rye, and Meal.

1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xviii. 163 (note) Scotch pint-stoups, before the reformation of the imperial measure, were made to hold something more than the standard quantity, but at the point of the true measure a small papilla or plook projected, the space between which and the brim was left for an ad libitum.

1950 Ideal Home Mar. 66 To test whether a Tappit Hen is genuine, put the fingers a little way inside the neck, and there should be a small pimple in the metal called the ‘plouk’ or ‘plouck’, which was the full measure mark.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plouk
释义	ploukn. Brit. /pluːk/, U.S. /pluk/, Scottish English /pluk/ Forms: Middle English plowke, Middle English–1500s plouke, 1500s plucke, 1500s–1600s plouk, 1900s– plook (Irish English (northern)); English regional (northern) 1700s plouch, 1800s plewk, 1800s plouk, 1800s– pleuk, 1800s– pleukk, 1800s– plook, 1800s– pluik, 1800s– pluke, 1900s– pluck; Scottish pre-1700 plowk, pre-1700 1700s–1800s pluck, pre-1700 1700s– plouk, pre-1700 1700s– pluke, pre-1700 1800s pluik, pre-1700 1900s– plouck, pre-1700 (1900s– Shetland) pluk, 1700s– plook, 1800s pleuk, 1800s plug, 1900s– peuk (northern), 1900s– ploog (northern). Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps compare Middle Low German forms with voiceless final consonant at plug n., but these do not show an exact semantic or formal parallel. (For evidence of a possible loan in Older Scots from such Middle Low German forms see Dict. Older Sc. Tongue s.v. pluk-, ploukin(g verbal n.¹ ‘the action of inserting a plug or wedge into a hole or aperture in a barrel in order to stop it up’.)For Scottish Gaelic pluc lump, knot, bung, tumour, pimple see discussion at plug n.; in the senses relevant here this is probably after Scots. Now Scottish and English regional (northern). 1. A pimple, a spot. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > eruption > [noun] > spot of > pimple pimplea1398 plouk?c1425 whealc1440 knoll1499 red spota1500 knop1558 blob1597 bumb1598 pumple1601 burl1607 pimple spot1658 tiler1660 pipjenny1670 papula1694 grub1731 papilla1793 papule1828 maculopapule1900 hickey1934 zit1965 ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 74 Smale apostemes..ben outsemynges and bleynes and smale ploukes [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. litel pustules bothoralez; L. pustule parue bothorales] apperynge in þe skyn. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 97^v A Plowke, puscula, pusculentus. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 168^v If they [sc. raisins] be layd to with rue..they heale rede angri nyght ploukes and sores. 1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. i. sig. B1^v A pestilentious byle..stryking out in many heades or in many plukes. 1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 510 Head plouks and blaines, rub it with the iuice & wine. 1610 P. Anderson Colde Spring Kinghorne Craig sig. A2 No liquor hath been tryed more excellent for itching, and heat of the face with plouks, & pustuls then this water. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 64 The twa men war verie read and tead-lyk faced, for ploukes and lumpes. 1772 Edinb. Evening Courant 12 Aug. Her face somewhat foul, and small plooks about the brow. 1804 R. Anderson et al. Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 106 Aw spatter'd owre wi' reed plouks. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 131 Plooks, small scabs or blotches. 1892 Arbroath Guide 13 Feb. 4 Jock's luckless feature was his nose..Wi' plooks set roond like curran' berries. 1980 G. Hammond Reward Game xiii. 186 There he goes,..just as you said, even to the wee pluke beside his mouth. 1985 W. Hodgson in Lakeland Dial. Sept. 37 He hed..a plook on his snoot at meade it shine like a ripe tomata. 1993 I. Welsh Trainspotting 213 Billy, ma contempt for you jist grew over the years. It displaced the fear, jist sortay squeezed it oot, like pus fae a pluke. 2. Scottish. A small knob situated a short distance below the brim of a metal measuring vessel to show the point of exact measure. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring volume > measuring vessels > knob on vessel marking exact measure plouk1574 1574 Statute of Measures 26 Feb. in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. 1573–1589 (1882) 11 That euery mesour haue..within the lyp ane plouk tua inche beneth the samyn. 1599 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 93 That all stoupis..sal be agriabill in mesour to the jug and stampit with the townis stamp, and that the pluik be benethe the mouth of ilk stoup as followis. 1686 G. Mackenzie Observ. Acts Parl. 120 By our custom there is a Plouck in every Jugg or Stoup, and the Wine is only measured to the Mark or Plouck but Ale and strong Waters are measur'd to the top. 1692 A. Symson Large Descr. Galloway (1823) 99 They disagree about the measure of the pint; the town alledging, that it should be jugg measure, and some of the countrey alledging, that it should be only pluck measure. 1779 J. Swinton Proposal Weights Scotl. 86 The jug, filled to the plouk, regulates the firlot for Wheat, Pease, Rye, and Meal. 1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xviii. 163 (note) Scotch pint-stoups, before the reformation of the imperial measure, were made to hold something more than the standard quantity, but at the point of the true measure a small papilla or plook projected, the space between which and the brim was left for an ad libitum. 1950 Ideal Home Mar. 66 To test whether a Tappit Hen is genuine, put the fingers a little way inside the neck, and there should be a small pimple in the metal called the ‘plouk’ or ‘plouck’, which was the full measure mark. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † ploukv. Forms: 1500s plovk. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: plouk n. Etymology: < plouk n. Scottish. Obsolete. transitive. To provide (a measuring vessel) with a plouk (plouk n. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > measure by or as an instrument [verb (transitive)] > measure by means of instruments > furnish (vessel) with measuring-knob plouk1580 1580–1 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1876) I. 83 The treyn stoipis to be plovkit and merkit lykwys. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.?c1425v.1580
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ploukn.

† ploukv.