† ployn.¹

Forms: late Middle English–1500s ploye, 1600s–1700s ploy.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French ploi, ploy.

Etymology: < Middle French ploi, ploy state, situation, condition (12th cent. in Old French), fold (13th cent.) < plier ply v.¹ Compare ply n. Compare (ultimately < French) Middle Dutch plooye, ploye (Dutch plooi), Middle Low German ploy fold, condition (especially good condition).

Obsolete.

1. Plight, condition; = ply n. 1. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > [noun] > good or bad condition or order

point?c1225

plighta1375

waya1400

ply1443

ploy1477

abyss1548

order1569

kilter1582

trim1628

tilter1674

fettle?1748

kidney1763

fix1816

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 47 O right poure shamefastnes, ye hountouse shamefastnes, in what ploye or in what presse am I nowe by thy cause.

2. Probably: a ply or fold of cloth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > [noun] > a fold

foldc1325

plya1500

roll1509

ploy1558

implexure1578

folding1669

plication1701

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [noun] > one of a series of > of cloth, paper, or something folded

plya1500

fold1527

ploy1558

thickness1815

1558 Bk. Rates in Patent Roll, 4 & 5 Philip & Mary, Part 3 (P.R.O.: C 66/920) m. 16^v Henego cloth in longe ploye the pece xxiiij s.

1662 in Statutes at Large, Ireland (1765) II. 411 Elbing or Dansk cloth double ploy.

1780 Statutes rel. to Revenue & Officers Customs Great Brit. I. 69 Elbing or Dansk cloth, double ploy, the ell..0 [l.] 1. [s.] 8 [d.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

ployn.²

Brit.

/plɔɪ/, U.S.

/plɔɪ/, Scottish English

/plɔɪ/

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: plea n.

Etymology: Probably a variant of plea n. N.E.D. (1907) at that entry suggests an etymology from a French ploit , variant of plait , plaid plea n., but such a form is apparently not attested in Middle French or modern French. Perhaps compare Middle French (rare) ploit action, spec. sense of ploit plait n.

Scottish. Now rare.

A lawsuit or legal action; a dispute.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > a lawsuit

speechc897

mootc1225

pleadingc1275

pleac1300

actiona1325

quarrela1325

suit1348

pursuit1380

sokena1387

process1395

plead1455

pleament1480

suit in law1530

ployc1600

suit in equity1604

suit in chancery1621

lawsuit1624

instance1654

legal action1656

lis1932

c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 240 Gif ony persoun being in veritie bastard..deceissis befoir ony ploy, or clame, or pley, be intentit aganis him be the richteous air.

1623 in Sc. Antiquary (1892) 6 182 Gif ony of my sevin sones mak ony neidles ploy or actioun contrair my wyiff or ony of thame againis ane other [etc.].

1702 in Kirkcaldy Burgh Rec. (1908) 220 The Toun Councill and deacons of crafts declairs that the same shall not be any particular persons ploy but that the same shall be a toun's ploy, and promises to adhear therto.

1822 J. Galt Provost xiii. 102 On account of some ploy he had with the Dalmailing Session anent a bairn.

1908 in A. W. Johnston & A. Johnston Old-lore Misc. I. viii. 317 Dat billy got siccan a gluff dat he gaed straight tae the tither ane an' dey settled da ploy atween themsels baith an' hed a foy ower id.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ployn.³

Brit.

/plɔɪ/, U.S.

/plɔɪ/

Forms: 1800s– ploy; Scottish pre-1700 1700s– ploy, 1700s ploye, 1800s ply (Galloway).

Origin: Probably formed within English, by clipping or shortening.

Etymology: Probably shortened < employ n. (compare employ n. 3). Compare ploy v.²

1. Originally Scottish. An activity in which one engages; a personal enterprise or undertaking, esp. for amusement; a pastime; an escapade, a caper.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > [noun]

playeOE

gameeOE

disportc1380

sportc1443

museryc1450

pastime?1473

gaud1587

playgame1596

exercise1622

amusement1632

evagation1638

retirement1641

divertisement1642

diversiona1684

ploya1689

lounge1788

divertissement1804

happening1959

letterboxing1977

timepass1982

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > business claiming attention > an occupation or affair

charec897

matter?c1225

journeya1352

affairc1390

notea1400

incident1485

concernment1495

actiona1500

business1524

concern1680

job1680

ploya1689

show1797

game1812

caper1839

pigeon dropping1850

shebang1869

hoodoo1876

racket1880

palaver1899

scene1964

a1689 W. Cleland Coll. Poems (1697) 43 Must he not be a man of sense..Who fell upon that famous way, To make the Red shanks ready pay, At once to work that subtile ploy, Them to make up and us destroy.

a1709 J. Fraser Chrons. Frasers (1905) 188 Huntly..said that he had litle a doe to buy ployes in this nature, he might be better employed.

1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace x. iv. 263 John was a cliver and auldfarrand Boy, As you shall hear by the ensuing Ploy.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 84 Says Colen, for he was a sicker boy, Neiper, I fear this is a kittle ploy.

1796 H. Macneill Waes o' War ii. 18 Think o' nought but rural quiet, Rural labour! rural ploys!

1814 W. Scott Waverley III. xvi. 388 Twa unlucky red-coats were up for black-fishing, or some siccan ploy .

1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 423 Some ill-deedy bodies set us aff the road now and then, just for a ploy to themsels.

1881 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 530 They gathered from great distances to such ploys as the sheep-shearing or the sheep-washing.

1926 R. Macaulay Crewe Train ii. viii. 159 Whatever ploy she had on hand at the moment, such as lead casting, table tennis, or naval battles in the bath.

1936 A. Christie Cards on Table xviii. 175 You'd gone off on your own ploys with the boy friend.

1959 ‘M. Neville’ Sweet Night for Murder xi. 106 ‘Did you ever accompany her while she was shopping for clothes?’.. ‘I wouldn't be much good at that sort of ploy... She didn't need anyone to help her choose what to wear.’

1986 J. Huxley Leaves of Tulip Tree (1987) i. 11 The eternal cross-stitch I was set to do before I could indulge my own ploys.

2. A stratagem suggested by particular circumstances and employed to gain a calculated advantage, frequently against an opponent; a cunning scheme or manoeuvre. (Now the usual sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > available means or a resource > a device, contrivance, or expedient

costOE

craftOE

custc1275

ginc1275

devicec1290

enginec1300

quaintisec1300

contrevurec1330

castc1340

knackc1369

findinga1382

wilea1400

conject14..

skiftc1400

policy?1406

subtilityc1410

policec1450

conjecturea1464

industry1477

invention1516

cunning1526

shift1530

compass1540

chevisance1548

trade1550

tour1558

fashion1562

invent?1567

expediment1571

trick1573

ingeny1588

machine1595

lock1598

contrival1602

contrivement1611

artifice1620

recipea1643

ingenuity1651

expedient1653

contrivance1661

excogitation1664

mechanism1669

expediency1683

stroke1699

spell1728

management1736

manoeuvre1769

move1794

wrinkle1817

dodge1842

jigamaree1847

quiff1881

kink1889

lurk1916

gadget1920

fastie1931

ploy1940

1940 N. Tranter Harsh Heritage iii. 118 Peter boy, how's this for a ploy? We'll split up..it's your stalk anyway..and you will do your damnedest with those beasts, while I get me round the back of the hill.

1947 S. Potter Theory & Pract. of Gamesmanship iii. 30 (note) Sub-plays, or individual manoeuvres of a gambit, are usually referred to as ‘ploys’. It is not known why this is.

1955 Times 24 June 10/3 Apart from..assuring the men that there would be ‘important developments during the next 48 hours’—a ploy with which the strikers are becoming a little disillusioned—the speakers had nothing to offer.

1958 A. Wilson in Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Aug. p. viii/2 Whatever the ingenious and at times embarrassing ploys with which English novelists periodically assert their amateur, their unintellectual or their purely entertaining status..they are..concerned always to be serious.

1970 G. F. Newman Sir, You Bastard 267 Perhaps she should cook it and leave it for him, but she recognized that thought as a ploy to delay herself, hoping that he'd return and prevent her departure.

2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 Mar. d10/2 A flashy Upper Class lounge at Kennedy Airport that is part amenity and part ‘aspirational’ marketing ploy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† ployv.¹

Forms: late Middle English ploye, late Middle English–1500s ploy.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ployer.

Etymology: < Middle French ployer (see ply v.¹). Compare (ultimately < French) Middle Dutch plooyen, ployen (Dutch plooien), Middle Low German ployen.

Obsolete.

intransitive and transitive. To bend.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)]

beyc888

bowOE

fold13..

crumpc1325

windc1374

courbe1377

curb1377

plyc1395

bend1398

ploy?1473

bowl1513

bought1521

tirve1567

crookle1577

crook1579

compass1588

round1613

incurvate1647

circumflex1661

arcuate1678

to round off1678

sweep1725

curve1748

curvaturea1811

the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)]

beyc888

bowa1300

incrooka1340

inbowa1382

crook1382

plya1393

inflectc1425

courbe1430

wryc1450

cralla1475

crumbc1490

bought1521

compass1542

incurvate1578

ploy1578

incurve1610

curve1615

circumflex1649

wheel1656

curb1662

crumpa1821

curvaturec1933

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 10 O fortune sone torning fraile and varyable & ployng to euery wynd.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xxiv. 116 Yf it fonde not thayer thycke, it shold not bowe ne ploye.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. vi. 663 Twigges lyke rushes, the whiche are easy to ploy and twist any way without breaking.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

ployv.²

Forms: 1600s 1800s– ploy, 1800s 'ploy.

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: employ v.

Etymology: Shortened < employ v.

Now rare (English regional in later use).

transitive. To employ.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)]

noteOE

take?a1160

turnc1175

usec1300

to fare witha1340

benote1340

spenda1400

usea1400

weara1400

naitc1400

occupy1423

to put (also set) in work?a1425

practise?c1430

apply1439

employ?1473

to call upon ——1477

help1489

tew1489

handle1509

exercise1526

improvea1529

serve1538

feed1540

enure1549

to make (also take) (a) use of1579

wield1601

adoperate1612

to avail oneself ofa1616

prevail1617

to make practice of1623

ploy1675

occasion1698

to call on ——1721

subserve1811

nuse1851

utilize1860

society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ

hirec1000

i-bye10..

i-hirec1000

soldc1386

takea1400

retain1437

wage1465

conduct1476

fee1488

conduce1502

implya1533

entertain1572

enter1585

wager1592

to fill up1598

to take on1611

improve1640

to speak for ——a1688

employa1727

engage1753

ploy1871

to turn on1893

to book up1915

1675 J. Covel Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) ii. 262 At all these we ployed our wooden artillery of the spoon.

1839 G. Lippard Mem. Preacher ii. viii. 120/1 G-e-t o-u-t! Don't you see I'm 'ployed by the 'Nited States to carry the mail twixt Fildelfy and Manayunk?

1871 S. S. Jones Northumberland 212 Gin ye ploy ony fair, hard-workin' lassie.

1959 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dial.: C908) (MS transcript) Track 33 [Sussex] Well, they do ploy labour, but they, it's the wages now, I suppose, more than anything.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

ployv.³

Brit.

/plɔɪ/, U.S.

/plɔɪ/

Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: deploy v.

Etymology: Back-formation < deploy v.

U.S. Military.

transitive and intransitive. To move (troops) from line into column. Opposed to deploy.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > evolution > [verb (intransitive)] > other evolutions

front1635

ploy1836

pivot1841

about-face1863

society > armed hostility > military operations > evolution > [verb (transitive)] > other evolutions

invert1627

ploy1836

1836 Army & Navy Chron. 17 Mar. 171/1 In the march by echellons, the battalions may be ployed into columns with deploying intervals, as in a full line.

1875 Internat. Rev. May 304 The battalion being ployed into company columns, consists of two company columns side by side [etc.].

1998 P. Griffith Art of War Revolutionary France viii. 215 He wanted his own innovative version of the battalion column of divisions, which could be ployed and deployed with unprecedented speed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1477

n.²c1600

n.³a1689

v.¹?1473

v.²1675

v.³1836

单词	ploy
释义	† ployn.¹ Forms: late Middle English–1500s ploye, 1600s–1700s ploy. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French ploi, ploy. Etymology: < Middle French ploi, ploy state, situation, condition (12th cent. in Old French), fold (13th cent.) < plier ply v.¹ Compare ply n. Compare (ultimately < French) Middle Dutch plooye, ploye (Dutch plooi), Middle Low German ploy fold, condition (especially good condition). Obsolete. 1. Plight, condition; = ply n. 1. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > [noun] > good or bad condition or order point?c1225 plighta1375 waya1400 ply1443 ploy1477 abyss1548 order1569 kilter1582 trim1628 tilter1674 fettle?1748 kidney1763 fix1816 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 47 O right poure shamefastnes, ye hountouse shamefastnes, in what ploye or in what presse am I nowe by thy cause. 2. Probably: a ply or fold of cloth. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > [noun] > a fold foldc1325 plya1500 roll1509 ploy1558 implexure1578 folding1669 plication1701 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [noun] > one of a series of > of cloth, paper, or something folded plya1500 fold1527 ploy1558 thickness1815 1558 Bk. Rates in Patent Roll, 4 & 5 Philip & Mary, Part 3 (P.R.O.: C 66/920) m. 16^v Henego cloth in longe ploye the pece xxiiij s. 1662 in Statutes at Large, Ireland (1765) II. 411 Elbing or Dansk cloth double ploy. 1780 Statutes rel. to Revenue & Officers Customs Great Brit. I. 69 Elbing or Dansk cloth, double ploy, the ell..0 [l.] 1. [s.] 8 [d.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020). ployn.² Brit. /plɔɪ/, U.S. /plɔɪ/, Scottish English /plɔɪ/ Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: plea n. Etymology: Probably a variant of plea n. N.E.D. (1907) at that entry suggests an etymology from a French ploit , variant of plait , plaid plea n., but such a form is apparently not attested in Middle French or modern French. Perhaps compare Middle French (rare) ploit action, spec. sense of ploit plait n. Scottish. Now rare. A lawsuit or legal action; a dispute. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > a lawsuit speechc897 mootc1225 pleadingc1275 pleac1300 actiona1325 quarrela1325 suit1348 pursuit1380 sokena1387 process1395 plead1455 pleament1480 suit in law1530 ployc1600 suit in equity1604 suit in chancery1621 lawsuit1624 instance1654 legal action1656 lis1932 c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 240 Gif ony persoun being in veritie bastard..deceissis befoir ony ploy, or clame, or pley, be intentit aganis him be the richteous air. 1623 in Sc. Antiquary (1892) 6 182 Gif ony of my sevin sones mak ony neidles ploy or actioun contrair my wyiff or ony of thame againis ane other [etc.]. 1702 in Kirkcaldy Burgh Rec. (1908) 220 The Toun Councill and deacons of crafts declairs that the same shall not be any particular persons ploy but that the same shall be a toun's ploy, and promises to adhear therto. 1822 J. Galt Provost xiii. 102 On account of some ploy he had with the Dalmailing Session anent a bairn. 1908 in A. W. Johnston & A. Johnston Old-lore Misc. I. viii. 317 Dat billy got siccan a gluff dat he gaed straight tae the tither ane an' dey settled da ploy atween themsels baith an' hed a foy ower id. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ployn.³ Brit. /plɔɪ/, U.S. /plɔɪ/ Forms: 1800s– ploy; Scottish pre-1700 1700s– ploy, 1700s ploye, 1800s ply (Galloway). Origin: Probably formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymology: Probably shortened < employ n. (compare employ n. 3). Compare ploy v.² 1. Originally Scottish. An activity in which one engages; a personal enterprise or undertaking, esp. for amusement; a pastime; an escapade, a caper. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > [noun] playeOE gameeOE disportc1380 sportc1443 museryc1450 pastime?1473 gaud1587 playgame1596 exercise1622 amusement1632 evagation1638 retirement1641 divertisement1642 diversiona1684 ploya1689 lounge1788 divertissement1804 happening1959 letterboxing1977 timepass1982 the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > business claiming attention > an occupation or affair charec897 matter?c1225 journeya1352 affairc1390 notea1400 incident1485 concernment1495 actiona1500 business1524 concern1680 job1680 ploya1689 show1797 game1812 caper1839 pigeon dropping1850 shebang1869 hoodoo1876 racket1880 palaver1899 scene1964 a1689 W. Cleland Coll. Poems (1697) 43 Must he not be a man of sense..Who fell upon that famous way, To make the Red shanks ready pay, At once to work that subtile ploy, Them to make up and us destroy. a1709 J. Fraser Chrons. Frasers (1905) 188 Huntly..said that he had litle a doe to buy ployes in this nature, he might be better employed. 1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace x. iv. 263 John was a cliver and auldfarrand Boy, As you shall hear by the ensuing Ploy. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 84 Says Colen, for he was a sicker boy, Neiper, I fear this is a kittle ploy. 1796 H. Macneill Waes o' War ii. 18 Think o' nought but rural quiet, Rural labour! rural ploys! 1814 W. Scott Waverley III. xvi. 388 Twa unlucky red-coats were up for black-fishing, or some siccan ploy . View more context for this quotation 1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 423 Some ill-deedy bodies set us aff the road now and then, just for a ploy to themsels. 1881 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 530 They gathered from great distances to such ploys as the sheep-shearing or the sheep-washing. 1926 R. Macaulay Crewe Train ii. viii. 159 Whatever ploy she had on hand at the moment, such as lead casting, table tennis, or naval battles in the bath. 1936 A. Christie Cards on Table xviii. 175 You'd gone off on your own ploys with the boy friend. 1959 ‘M. Neville’ Sweet Night for Murder xi. 106 ‘Did you ever accompany her while she was shopping for clothes?’.. ‘I wouldn't be much good at that sort of ploy... She didn't need anyone to help her choose what to wear.’ 1986 J. Huxley Leaves of Tulip Tree (1987) i. 11 The eternal cross-stitch I was set to do before I could indulge my own ploys. 2. A stratagem suggested by particular circumstances and employed to gain a calculated advantage, frequently against an opponent; a cunning scheme or manoeuvre. (Now the usual sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > available means or a resource > a device, contrivance, or expedient costOE craftOE custc1275 ginc1275 devicec1290 enginec1300 quaintisec1300 contrevurec1330 castc1340 knackc1369 findinga1382 wilea1400 conject14.. skiftc1400 policy?1406 subtilityc1410 policec1450 conjecturea1464 industry1477 invention1516 cunning1526 shift1530 compass1540 chevisance1548 trade1550 tour1558 fashion1562 invent?1567 expediment1571 trick1573 ingeny1588 machine1595 lock1598 contrival1602 contrivement1611 artifice1620 recipea1643 ingenuity1651 expedient1653 contrivance1661 excogitation1664 mechanism1669 expediency1683 stroke1699 spell1728 management1736 manoeuvre1769 move1794 wrinkle1817 dodge1842 jigamaree1847 quiff1881 kink1889 lurk1916 gadget1920 fastie1931 ploy1940 1940 N. Tranter Harsh Heritage iii. 118 Peter boy, how's this for a ploy? We'll split up..it's your stalk anyway..and you will do your damnedest with those beasts, while I get me round the back of the hill. 1947 S. Potter Theory & Pract. of Gamesmanship iii. 30 (note) Sub-plays, or individual manoeuvres of a gambit, are usually referred to as ‘ploys’. It is not known why this is. 1955 Times 24 June 10/3 Apart from..assuring the men that there would be ‘important developments during the next 48 hours’—a ploy with which the strikers are becoming a little disillusioned—the speakers had nothing to offer. 1958 A. Wilson in Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Aug. p. viii/2 Whatever the ingenious and at times embarrassing ploys with which English novelists periodically assert their amateur, their unintellectual or their purely entertaining status..they are..concerned always to be serious. 1970 G. F. Newman Sir, You Bastard 267 Perhaps she should cook it and leave it for him, but she recognized that thought as a ploy to delay herself, hoping that he'd return and prevent her departure. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 Mar. d10/2 A flashy Upper Class lounge at Kennedy Airport that is part amenity and part ‘aspirational’ marketing ploy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † ployv.¹ Forms: late Middle English ploye, late Middle English–1500s ploy. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ployer. Etymology: < Middle French ployer (see ply v.¹). Compare (ultimately < French) Middle Dutch plooyen, ployen (Dutch plooien), Middle Low German ployen. Obsolete. intransitive and transitive. To bend. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)] beyc888 bowOE fold13.. crumpc1325 windc1374 courbe1377 curb1377 plyc1395 bend1398 ploy?1473 bowl1513 bought1521 tirve1567 crookle1577 crook1579 compass1588 round1613 incurvate1647 circumflex1661 arcuate1678 to round off1678 sweep1725 curve1748 curvaturea1811 the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)] beyc888 bowa1300 incrooka1340 inbowa1382 crook1382 plya1393 inflectc1425 courbe1430 wryc1450 cralla1475 crumbc1490 bought1521 compass1542 incurvate1578 ploy1578 incurve1610 curve1615 circumflex1649 wheel1656 curb1662 crumpa1821 curvaturec1933 ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 10 O fortune sone torning fraile and varyable & ployng to euery wynd. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xxiv. 116 Yf it fonde not thayer thycke, it shold not bowe ne ploye. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. vi. 663 Twigges lyke rushes, the whiche are easy to ploy and twist any way without breaking. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2021). ployv.² Forms: 1600s 1800s– ploy, 1800s 'ploy. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: employ v. Etymology: Shortened < employ v. Now rare (English regional in later use). transitive. To employ. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] noteOE take?a1160 turnc1175 usec1300 to fare witha1340 benote1340 spenda1400 usea1400 weara1400 naitc1400 occupy1423 to put (also set) in work?a1425 practise?c1430 apply1439 employ?1473 to call upon ——1477 help1489 tew1489 handle1509 exercise1526 improvea1529 serve1538 feed1540 enure1549 to make (also take) (a) use of1579 wield1601 adoperate1612 to avail oneself ofa1616 to avail oneself ofa1616 prevail1617 to make practice of1623 ploy1675 occasion1698 to call on ——1721 subserve1811 nuse1851 utilize1860 society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ hirec1000 i-bye10.. i-hirec1000 soldc1386 takea1400 retain1437 wage1465 conduct1476 fee1488 conduce1502 implya1533 entertain1572 enter1585 wager1592 to fill up1598 to take on1611 improve1640 to speak for ——a1688 employa1727 engage1753 ploy1871 to turn on1893 to book up1915 1675 J. Covel Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) ii. 262 At all these we ployed our wooden artillery of the spoon. 1839 G. Lippard Mem. Preacher ii. viii. 120/1 G-e-t o-u-t! Don't you see I'm 'ployed by the 'Nited States to carry the mail twixt Fildelfy and Manayunk? 1871 S. S. Jones Northumberland 212 Gin ye ploy ony fair, hard-workin' lassie. 1959 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dial.: C908) (MS transcript) Track 33 [Sussex] Well, they do ploy labour, but they, it's the wages now, I suppose, more than anything. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020). ployv.³ Brit. /plɔɪ/, U.S. /plɔɪ/ Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: deploy v. Etymology: Back-formation < deploy v. U.S. Military. transitive and intransitive. To move (troops) from line into column. Opposed to deploy. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > evolution > [verb (intransitive)] > other evolutions front1635 ploy1836 pivot1841 about-face1863 society > armed hostility > military operations > evolution > [verb (transitive)] > other evolutions invert1627 ploy1836 1836 Army & Navy Chron. 17 Mar. 171/1 In the march by echellons, the battalions may be ployed into columns with deploying intervals, as in a full line. 1875 Internat. Rev. May 304 The battalion being ployed into company columns, consists of two company columns side by side [etc.]. 1998 P. Griffith Art of War Revolutionary France viii. 215 He wanted his own innovative version of the battalion column of divisions, which could be ployed and deployed with unprecedented speed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1477n.²c1600n.³a1689v.¹?1473v.²1675v.³1836
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