poldern.¹

Brit.

/ˈpəʊldə/,

/ˈpɒldə/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊldər/

Forms: 1600s polther, 1600s– polder.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch polder.

Etymology: Apparently < Dutch polder (1456 or earlier in Middle Dutch; earlier, and more frequently, as polre (1219)), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to Middle Dutch pol pool n.¹ (which is also attested in the sense ‘land washed up by the sea’ (1343)), although if so the suffix is unexplained. Compare West Frisian polder, German regional (Low German: East Friesland) polder, poller in the same sense; it is unclear whether these are cognates of the Dutch word or borrowed from it; German Polder (beginning of the 18th cent.) is either < Dutch or < German regional (Low German: East Friesland). The Dutch word was also borrowed into French at an early date; compare Old French polre (1267 in an apparently isolated attestation; French polder (1805 as †poldre) is a later reborrowing). Compare post-classical Latin poldrum land reclaimed from marsh (1418 in a British source).An unattested cognate Old English *polra ‘marshy land’ is perhaps implied by place-name evidence, e.g. Poldreham (1086, apparently showing epenthetic d; now Powderham, Devon), Polres (1240; now Pollard, East Riding, Yorkshire), Polre (1292; now Poldhurst Farm, Kent).

1. Originally and chiefly in the Low Countries: a piece of low-lying land reclaimed from the sea, a river, etc., and protected by dykes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > reclaimed or improved land

carrc1330

improvement1473

polder1602

dam1629

innam1662

inningsa1669

beaver meadow1784

slobland1843

polderland1849

bush burn1861

1602 Extremities Vrging Sir F. Veare to Anti-parle 13 His passage backe was by boate at South-west from the Polder Rauelling, where he could see almost no part of our fortification.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. True Hist. Siege Ostend 3 The Polder (so they call a..field wonne from the sea or riuer).

1632 Contn. Weekly Newes 25 July 8 They did cut the dikes and drowned the enemies polther..and put all vnder water.

1725 W. Gibson Hist. Affairs Europe 47 The States General had also made over to them the villages and polder of Doel.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. III. 484 Several of them [sc. lakes] have been drained and dyked under the name of Polders.

1839 W. Chambers Tour Holland 39/1 When the superincumbent mass has been entirely removed, the cleared space becomes a fertile polder.

1894 Westm. Gaz. 31 Mar. 8/1 Much of the asparagus eaten in London is grown in the polders reclaimed from the sea near Mont St. Michel.

1927 Travel Nov. 23/2 The Cochin-China polders.

1973 Advocate-News (Barbados) 2 Feb. 9/1 During their stay, the Guyana delegation visited the Nickerie district of Surinam, where a tour of the Western polders was made.

1993 Radio Times 18 Sept. 11/4 Wildlife Showcase..Birdlife on the Dutch polders.

2. English regional (Kent). A marsh; a piece of marshy or boggy land. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun]

marsheOE

fenc888

sladec893

moorOE

mossOE

marshlandlOE

lay-fena1225

lay-mirea1225

moor-fenc1275

flosha1300

strother?a1300

marish1327

carrc1330

waterlanda1382

gaseync1400

quaba1425

paludec1425

mersec1440

sumpa1450

palus?1473

wash1483

morass1489

oozea1500

bog?a1513

danka1522

fell1538

soga1552

Camarine1576

gog1583

swale1584

sink1594

haga1600

mere1609

flata1616

swamp1624

pocosin1634

frogland1651

slash1652

poldera1669

savannah1671

pond-land1686

red bog1686

swang1691

slack1719

flowa1740

wetland1743

purgatory1760

curragh1780

squall1784

marais1793

vlei1793

muskeg1806

bog-pit1820

prairie1820

fenhood1834

pakihi1851

terai1852

sponge1856

takyr1864

boglet1869

sinkhole1885

grimpen1902

sphagnum bog1911

blanket bog1939

string bog1959

a1669 W. Somner Treat. Rom. Ports & Forts Kent (1693) 65 The soil is moorish, boggy and fenny, such as our Ancestors have usually called Polder:..i.e. a marish fenn, a meadow by the shore side, a field drain'd or gain'd from a river or the sea, and inclosed with banks.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 119 Polder, a marsh; a piece of boggy soil... There is in Eastry a place now called Felder land, but anciently ‘Polder land’. There is also a place still called Polders, between Sandwich and Woddnesborough.

Compounds

polderland n. land reclaimed as a polder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > reclaimed or improved land

carrc1330

improvement1473

polder1602

dam1629

innam1662

inningsa1669

beaver meadow1784

slobland1843

polderland1849

bush burn1861

1849 Chambers's Information for People (new ed.) II. 204/2 The climate resembles that of the south-east of England..some districts, moreover, as Flanders, being at certain seasons rendered unhealthy by noxious exhalations from the water-courses and low polder lands.

1952 G. H. Dury Map Interpr. xvi. 195 This map is most effective in open polderland, where it is very detailed and exact and where its land-use information is of great value.

2002 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 7 Sept. (Final ed.) (Travel section) l1 We passed through the towns of Oterleek and Avenhorn, both part of the country's polderland, a term referring to land that has been reclaimed from the sea.

polderboy n. now rare = polderman n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > reclamation from sea > reclaimer from sea

polderman1884

polderboy1895

1895 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 6/1 This particular form of labour requires skilled navvies (polderboys we call them).

1900 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 32 321 Men with an unusually good appetite are ‘polder jongen’ or polder boys.

polderman n. now rare a labourer employed in making polders or farming polderland.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > reclamation from sea > reclaimer from sea

polderman1884

polderboy1895

1884 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Aug. 338/1 Little scattered hamlets of the fisher people and the polder-men.

1922 J. J. Feith Mod. Holland ii. 20 Instead of the polder farmer who, half a century ago was brought up as a cattle farmer, a new generation of poldermen grew up.

1953 G. H. T. Kimble Way of World 65 The perseverance of the French paysan, the Dutch polderman, the Canadian habitant, and the Norwegian fjord dweller is compounded of the same qualities.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	polder
释义	poldern.¹ Brit. /ˈpəʊldə/, /ˈpɒldə/, U.S. /ˈpoʊldər/ Forms: 1600s polther, 1600s– polder. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch polder. Etymology: Apparently < Dutch polder (1456 or earlier in Middle Dutch; earlier, and more frequently, as polre (1219)), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to Middle Dutch pol pool n.¹ (which is also attested in the sense ‘land washed up by the sea’ (1343)), although if so the suffix is unexplained. Compare West Frisian polder, German regional (Low German: East Friesland) polder, poller in the same sense; it is unclear whether these are cognates of the Dutch word or borrowed from it; German Polder (beginning of the 18th cent.) is either < Dutch or < German regional (Low German: East Friesland). The Dutch word was also borrowed into French at an early date; compare Old French polre (1267 in an apparently isolated attestation; French polder (1805 as †poldre) is a later reborrowing). Compare post-classical Latin poldrum land reclaimed from marsh (1418 in a British source).An unattested cognate Old English polra ‘marshy land’ is perhaps implied by place-name evidence, e.g. Poldreham* (1086, apparently showing epenthetic d; now Powderham, Devon), Polres (1240; now Pollard, East Riding, Yorkshire), Polre (1292; now Poldhurst Farm, Kent). 1. Originally and chiefly in the Low Countries: a piece of low-lying land reclaimed from the sea, a river, etc., and protected by dykes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > reclaimed or improved land carrc1330 improvement1473 polder1602 dam1629 innam1662 inningsa1669 beaver meadow1784 slobland1843 polderland1849 bush burn1861 1602 Extremities Vrging Sir F. Veare to Anti-parle 13 His passage backe was by boate at South-west from the Polder Rauelling, where he could see almost no part of our fortification. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. True Hist. Siege Ostend 3 The Polder (so they call a..field wonne from the sea or riuer). 1632 Contn. Weekly Newes 25 July 8 They did cut the dikes and drowned the enemies polther..and put all vnder water. 1725 W. Gibson Hist. Affairs Europe 47 The States General had also made over to them the villages and polder of Doel. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. III. 484 Several of them [sc. lakes] have been drained and dyked under the name of Polders. 1839 W. Chambers Tour Holland 39/1 When the superincumbent mass has been entirely removed, the cleared space becomes a fertile polder. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 31 Mar. 8/1 Much of the asparagus eaten in London is grown in the polders reclaimed from the sea near Mont St. Michel. 1927 Travel Nov. 23/2 The Cochin-China polders. 1973 Advocate-News (Barbados) 2 Feb. 9/1 During their stay, the Guyana delegation visited the Nickerie district of Surinam, where a tour of the Western polders was made. 1993 Radio Times 18 Sept. 11/4 Wildlife Showcase..Birdlife on the Dutch polders. 2. English regional (Kent). A marsh; a piece of marshy or boggy land. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] marsheOE fenc888 sladec893 moorOE mossOE marshlandlOE lay-fena1225 lay-mirea1225 moor-fenc1275 flosha1300 strother?a1300 marish1327 carrc1330 waterlanda1382 gaseync1400 quaba1425 paludec1425 mersec1440 sumpa1450 palus?1473 wash1483 morass1489 oozea1500 bog?a1513 danka1522 fell1538 soga1552 Camarine1576 gog1583 swale1584 sink1594 haga1600 mere1609 flata1616 swamp1624 pocosin1634 frogland1651 slash1652 poldera1669 savannah1671 pond-land1686 red bog1686 swang1691 slack1719 flowa1740 wetland1743 purgatory1760 curragh1780 squall1784 marais1793 vlei1793 muskeg1806 bog-pit1820 prairie1820 fenhood1834 pakihi1851 terai1852 sponge1856 takyr1864 boglet1869 sinkhole1885 grimpen1902 sphagnum bog1911 blanket bog1939 string bog1959 a1669 W. Somner Treat. Rom. Ports & Forts Kent (1693) 65 The soil is moorish, boggy and fenny, such as our Ancestors have usually called Polder:..i.e. a marish fenn, a meadow by the shore side, a field drain'd or gain'd from a river or the sea, and inclosed with banks. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 119 Polder, a marsh; a piece of boggy soil... There is in Eastry a place now called Felder land, but anciently ‘Polder land’. There is also a place still called Polders, between Sandwich and Woddnesborough. Compounds polderland n. land reclaimed as a polder. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > reclaimed or improved land carrc1330 improvement1473 polder1602 dam1629 innam1662 inningsa1669 beaver meadow1784 slobland1843 polderland1849 bush burn1861 1849 Chambers's Information for People (new ed.) II. 204/2 The climate resembles that of the south-east of England..some districts, moreover, as Flanders, being at certain seasons rendered unhealthy by noxious exhalations from the water-courses and low polder lands. 1952 G. H. Dury Map Interpr. xvi. 195 This map is most effective in open polderland, where it is very detailed and exact and where its land-use information is of great value. 2002 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 7 Sept. (Final ed.) (Travel section) l1 We passed through the towns of Oterleek and Avenhorn, both part of the country's polderland, a term referring to land that has been reclaimed from the sea. polderboy n. now rare = polderman n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > reclamation from sea > reclaimer from sea polderman1884 polderboy1895 1895 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 6/1 This particular form of labour requires skilled navvies (polderboys we call them). 1900 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 32 321 Men with an unusually good appetite are ‘polder jongen’ or polder boys. polderman n. now rare a labourer employed in making polders or farming polderland. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > reclamation from sea > reclaimer from sea polderman1884 polderboy1895 1884 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Aug. 338/1 Little scattered hamlets of the fisher people and the polder-men. 1922 J. J. Feith Mod. Holland ii. 20 Instead of the polder farmer who, half a century ago was brought up as a cattle farmer, a new generation of poldermen grew up. 1953 G. H. T. Kimble Way of World 65 The perseverance of the French paysan, the Dutch polderman, the Canadian habitant, and the Norwegian fjord dweller is compounded of the same qualities. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poldern.² Brit. /ˈpəʊldə/, /ˈpɒldə/, U.S. /ˈpoʊldər/ Forms: 1700s pollder, 1700s 1900s– polder. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pollard n.² Etymology: Alteration of pollard n.² (compare -er suffix¹). Now rare. = pollard n.² 4. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > cultivated or valued > [noun] > lopped or sculpted tree or pollard pollinger1570 pollard1588 lop1656 runnel1673 bolling1691 rundlea1697 polder1704 lop-stick1821 animal tree1884 1704 Dict. Rusticum (at cited word) Pollders, are old Trees usually lopped. 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I Polders (old trees lopped), arbores cæduæ. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 1/3 A canal fringed with polders. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1602n.²1704
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poldern.1

Compounds

poldern.2

poldern.¹

poldern.²