poleynn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpɒleɪn/,

/ˈpɒlᵻn/, U.S.

/ˈpɑˌleɪn/,

/ˈpɑlən/

Forms: Middle English polan, Middle English polayn, Middle English polemus (plural, transmission error), Middle English poleyne, Middle English polyn, Middle English 1600s 1800s– poleyn, 1600s polein; also Scottish pre-1700 pouillane, pre-1700 pulane, pre-1700 pullane.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French polein.

Etymology: Apparently < Anglo-Norman polein knee-piece (1325 or earlier; also pullan (1299 or earlier)), of unknown origin. Perhaps compare poulaine n.

Armour. Now historical.

A piece of armour covering and protecting the knee, fastened to the thigh-piece.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > armour for knees

genouillerec1380

poleyn1388

pulley-piece1611

kneecap1660

kneeleta1843

knee-guard1869

knee-piece1869

1388 Inquisition Misc. (P.R.O.: C 145/332/55) Vnum par. de plates greues cussheaux vanbras polynes..vna cum almariol. pro predictis arm. imponend.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 576 (MED) Þenne set þay þe sabatounz vpon þe segge fotez, His legez lapped in stel with luflych greuez, With polaynez piched þer-to.

a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 10027 (MED) Hym self was armed fynly wel Wyþ sabatons & spores..wiþ poleyns ful riche.

a1500 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Douce) 396 In stele he was stuffed..His polemus [c1475 Ireland polans] with pelicocus were poudred to pay.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 470 His Pulanis full prest of that ilk peir.

1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 326/1 The third Pavice had a [picture of a] Lady sitting in a Garden, making a Chaplet, and on her slieve a Poleyn with a rivet.

1872 Chambers's Encycl. I. 419/1 Under Henry III we find..greaves or shin-pieces of steel; poleyns or knee-guards; vambraces or arm-guards.

1945 Catal. European Arms & Armour (Wallace Coll.) iii. Gloss. 636 Poleyn, plate defence for the knee introduced to reinforce mail in the second half of the XIIIth century.

2001 N. Saul Death, Art, & Memory vii. 149 Over the upper legs are worn cuisses of brigandine work, to which poleyns are attached.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† poleynn.²

Forms: late Middle English poleyn, late Middle English poleyne, late Middle English poleynes (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English puyleyn.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French polein, poulain, pulain.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman polein, poleine, poleyn, pulein and Middle French poulain (c1130 in Anglo-Norman as pulain; French poulain ) young male horse < post-classical Latin pullanus (also pulleinus ) colt, foal (frequently from early 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin pullus young animal, foal (see pull n.²) + -ānus -an suffix. Compare Old Occitan polin (1411; earlier as poli (1200), polhi (13th cent.)).Earlier currency of the word is perhaps implied in surnames: Bernardus Pulein (1161), Rogerus Puleyn (1235), John Polayn (1297), although it is unclear whether these are to be interpreted as reflecting the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word.

Obsolete.

A young male horse; a colt. Also attributive, as poleyn steed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [noun] > male > colt

coltc1000

horse-colta1382

poleync1445

staggy1786

staggeen1829

c1445 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Holkham) 195 Poleyne [v.rr. poleyn, poleynes, puyleyn; c1405 Hengwrt this hors..so heigh was..so quyk of eye, As it a gentil Poyleys courser were].

c1460 J. Lydgate Praise of Peace 148 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 790 Seyn Iohn..sauh ridyng Oon, Fers and proudly vpon a poleyn steede.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	poleyn
释义	poleynn.¹ Brit. /ˈpɒleɪn/, /ˈpɒlᵻn/, U.S. /ˈpɑˌleɪn/, /ˈpɑlən/ Forms: Middle English polan, Middle English polayn, Middle English polemus (plural, transmission error), Middle English poleyne, Middle English polyn, Middle English 1600s 1800s– poleyn, 1600s polein; also Scottish pre-1700 pouillane, pre-1700 pulane, pre-1700 pullane. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French polein. Etymology: Apparently < Anglo-Norman polein knee-piece (1325 or earlier; also pullan (1299 or earlier)), of unknown origin. Perhaps compare poulaine n. Armour. Now historical. A piece of armour covering and protecting the knee, fastened to the thigh-piece. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > armour for knees genouillerec1380 poleyn1388 pulley-piece1611 kneecap1660 kneeleta1843 knee-guard1869 knee-piece1869 1388 Inquisition Misc. (P.R.O.: C 145/332/55) Vnum par. de plates greues cussheaux vanbras polynes..vna cum almariol. pro predictis arm. imponend. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 576 (MED) Þenne set þay þe sabatounz vpon þe segge fotez, His legez lapped in stel with luflych greuez, With polaynez piched þer-to. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 10027 (MED) Hym self was armed fynly wel Wyþ sabatons & spores..wiþ poleyns ful riche. a1500 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Douce) 396 In stele he was stuffed..His polemus [c1475 Ireland polans] with pelicocus were poudred to pay. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 470 His Pulanis full prest of that ilk peir. 1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 326/1 The third Pavice had a [picture of a] Lady sitting in a Garden, making a Chaplet, and on her slieve a Poleyn with a rivet. 1872 Chambers's Encycl. I. 419/1 Under Henry III we find..greaves or shin-pieces of steel; poleyns or knee-guards; vambraces or arm-guards. 1945 Catal. European Arms & Armour (Wallace Coll.) iii. Gloss. 636 Poleyn, plate defence for the knee introduced to reinforce mail in the second half of the XIIIth century. 2001 N. Saul Death, Art, & Memory vii. 149 Over the upper legs are worn cuisses of brigandine work, to which poleyns are attached. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † poleynn.² Forms: late Middle English poleyn, late Middle English poleyne, late Middle English poleynes (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English puyleyn. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French polein, poulain, pulain. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman polein, poleine, poleyn, pulein and Middle French poulain (c1130 in Anglo-Norman as pulain; French poulain ) young male horse < post-classical Latin pullanus (also pulleinus ) colt, foal (frequently from early 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin pullus young animal, foal (see pull n.²) + -ānus -an suffix. Compare Old Occitan polin (1411; earlier as poli (1200), polhi (13th cent.)).Earlier currency of the word is perhaps implied in surnames: Bernardus Pulein (1161), Rogerus Puleyn (1235), John Polayn (1297), although it is unclear whether these are to be interpreted as reflecting the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word. Obsolete. A young male horse; a colt. Also attributive, as poleyn steed. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [noun] > male > colt coltc1000 horse-colta1382 poleync1445 staggy1786 staggeen1829 c1445 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Holkham) 195 Poleyne [v.rr. poleyn, poleynes, puyleyn; c1405 Hengwrt this hors..so heigh was..so quyk of eye, As it a gentil Poyleys courser were]. c1460 J. Lydgate Praise of Peace 148 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 790 Seyn Iohn..sauh ridyng Oon, Fers and proudly vpon a poleyn steede. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1388n.²c1445
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poleynn.1

† poleynn.2

poleynn.¹

† poleynn.²