pollywogn.

Brit.

/ˈpɒlɪwɒɡ/, U.S.

/ˈpɑliˌwɔɡ/,

/ˈpɑliˌwɑɡ/

Forms:

α. late Middle English polwygle, 1600s porwiggle, 1600s–1700s porwigle, 1900s– pollywoggle (Irish English); English regional (chiefly east midlands and East Anglian) 1800s pollywriggle, 1800s– periwiggle, 1800s– pollywiggle, 1800s– porriwiggle, 1800s– porwiggle, 1900s– polliwiggle, 1900s– pollywoggle; U.S. regional 1900s– pollywoggle.

β. 1500s polwigge, 1600s polewigge, 1600s poolwig, 1600s–1700s polwig, 1700s (1800s– English regional) pollywig, 1800s– poddywig (English regional (Leicestershire)), 1800s– polewig (English regional (south-eastern), in sense 2), 1800s– polliwig (English regional (East Anglian)), 1800s– polliwog (chiefly North American), 1800s– pollywag (Scottish), 1800s– pollywog, 1900s– pollybog (U.S. regional), 1900s– polywog.

γ. English regional (East Anglian) 1800s polwiggy, 1800s purwiggy; U.S. regional 1900s– pollywoggy.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poll n.¹, wiggle v., wig v.¹

Etymology: Originally < poll n.¹ + wiggle v.The β. forms represent either a shortening of this or a parallel formation < poll n.¹ + wig v.¹ The γ. forms show further suffixation (see -y suffix⁶). The development of an epenthetic vowel between the two elements is first attested in the late 18th cent. (in the form pollywig ). Forms in -wog , -woggle , etc., which first appear in the early 19th cent., apparently show the rounding influence of w on the following vowel (however, compare also woggle v.). In some forms also apparently with folk etymological alteration after periwig n. (compare quot. a1825 at sense 1γ. ).

Chiefly English regional and U.S.

1. A tadpole.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > amphibians > order Anura or Salienta (frogs and toads) > [noun] > member of > tadpole

powheada1325

pollywog1440

tadpole1519

horse-nail1608

bullhead1611

thunder-pad1700

frog tadpole1799

frogling1840

α.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 408 (MED) Polwygle, wyrme.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 329 The spawne is white, contracting by degrees a blacknesse, answerable..unto the porwigle or Tadpole, that is, that animall which first proceedeth from it.

1756 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Porwigle, a tadpole or young frog not yet fully shaped.

1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 288 Pollywiggle, the tad-pole—in Norfolk called potladle.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) 216 Pollywig, or pollywiggle,..a tadpole. ‘Poddywig’ is, I think, the commoner form.

1933 H. G. Wells Bulpington of Blup ii. 45 These things you call pollywiggles and pollywoggles.

1995 A. Higgins Donkey's Years 95 The tadpoles devour each another indiscriminately... Rita Phelan calls them pollywoggles.

β. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. I2^v Thou hast a prety polwigge sparrows tayle peake.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 265 Some little mites of blackish flesh, which they call Tadpoles or Polwigs.1725 Z. Grey Looking-glass Schismaticks ii. 57 Such a Gender that great Frog the Pope left behind him here, when he was drove away, that there hath such a Brood of stinking Polwigs rise from that.1794 W. White Specimen Comm. Shakspeare 19 Eating o' Pollywigs, eating o' Pollywigs, (i. e. Tadpoles).1838 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 2nd Ser. xix. 294 Little ponds..nothing but pollywogs, tadpoles, and minims in them.1892 Working Men's College Jrnl. Oct. 124 In this pond dwells the pollywog, loggerhead, or tadpole.1939 J. B. Parker & J. J. Clarke Introd. Animal Biol. xvi. 366 All these bones..are replacing bones, being derived from the cartilaginous brain-case of the young pollywog.c1985 A. C. Clark From Orange Mailbox 13 The frogs will soon be serenading the season as they fill the water with eggs for this year's pollywogs.γ. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Purwiggy, a tadpole. it is from periwig, and polliwig is a licentious corruption of it. Certainly one of the little animals bear as much resemblance to that antiquated article of finery, the wig with a long queue, as to a pot-ladle, by which name we also call it.1855 Norfolk Words in Trans. Philol. Soc. 35 Pur-Wiggy or Polwiggy, for tadpole.1965–70 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (2002) IV. 256/2 [California, South Carolina] Pollywoggies.

†2. English regional (south-eastern). In form polewig. The common goby, Pomatoschistus minutus. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > [noun] > suborder Gobioidei > family Gobiidae > member of genus Gobius

gudgeonc1425

black goby1769

pollywog1836

leopard-spotted goby1959

1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes I. 258 The Spotted Goby..is also most plentiful in the Thames, where it is known by the names of Polewig, or Pollybait.

1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 166 Gobius minutus... Freckled or spotted goby. Polewig or pollybait, Thames local name.

3. A person (esp. a politician) who is considered untrustworthy. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1854 L. Oliphant Episodes 26 May (1887) 47 Filibusters, pollywogs, and a host of other nicknames.

1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 27 Sept. ‘The slimy machinations of the pollywog politicians have usurped the government of our city’, said Poer.

1936 C. Porter It's De-lovely 4 He's appalling, he's appealing, He's a pollywog, he's a paragon.

4. Nautical slang. A sailor who is crossing the equator for the first time.

ΚΠ

1925 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 2 Aug. 1/4 Brendel gives details of the initiation thru which ‘pollywogs’ or tenderfeet were put upon arrival at the equator before they could be classified as ‘old salts’.

1959 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 11 Feb. 4/3 Each Pollywog was..splashed with cold water..then thrown headlong into the pool... We had crossed the equator.

2004 Daily Mail (Nexis) 21 Feb. 48 The ship is about to cross the Equator... We take part in an old naval ritual to convert ‘pollywogs’ (first timers) to ‘shellbacks’ (old hands).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pollywog
释义	pollywogn. Brit. /ˈpɒlɪwɒɡ/, U.S. /ˈpɑliˌwɔɡ/, /ˈpɑliˌwɑɡ/ Forms: α. late Middle English polwygle, 1600s porwiggle, 1600s–1700s porwigle, 1900s– pollywoggle (Irish English); English regional (chiefly east midlands and East Anglian) 1800s pollywriggle, 1800s– periwiggle, 1800s– pollywiggle, 1800s– porriwiggle, 1800s– porwiggle, 1900s– polliwiggle, 1900s– pollywoggle; U.S. regional 1900s– pollywoggle. β. 1500s polwigge, 1600s polewigge, 1600s poolwig, 1600s–1700s polwig, 1700s (1800s– English regional) pollywig, 1800s– poddywig (English regional (Leicestershire)), 1800s– polewig (English regional (south-eastern), in sense 2), 1800s– polliwig (English regional (East Anglian)), 1800s– polliwog (chiefly North American), 1800s– pollywag (Scottish), 1800s– pollywog, 1900s– pollybog (U.S. regional), 1900s– polywog. γ. English regional (East Anglian) 1800s polwiggy, 1800s purwiggy; U.S. regional 1900s– pollywoggy. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poll n.¹, wiggle v., wig v.¹ Etymology: Originally < poll n.¹ + wiggle v.The β. forms represent either a shortening of this or a parallel formation < poll n.¹ + wig v.¹ The γ. forms show further suffixation (see -y suffix⁶). The development of an epenthetic vowel between the two elements is first attested in the late 18th cent. (in the form pollywig ). Forms in -wog , -woggle , etc., which first appear in the early 19th cent., apparently show the rounding influence of w on the following vowel (however, compare also woggle v.). In some forms also apparently with folk etymological alteration after periwig n. (compare quot. a1825 at sense 1γ. ). Chiefly English regional and U.S. 1. A tadpole. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > amphibians > order Anura or Salienta (frogs and toads) > [noun] > member of > tadpole powheada1325 pollywog1440 tadpole1519 horse-nail1608 bullhead1611 thunder-pad1700 frog tadpole1799 frogling1840 α. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 408 (MED) Polwygle, wyrme. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 329 The spawne is white, contracting by degrees a blacknesse, answerable..unto the porwigle or Tadpole, that is, that animall which first proceedeth from it. View more context for this quotation 1756 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Porwigle, a tadpole or young frog not yet fully shaped. 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 288 Pollywiggle, the tad-pole—in Norfolk called potladle. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) 216 Pollywig, or pollywiggle,..a tadpole. ‘Poddywig’ is, I think, the commoner form. 1933 H. G. Wells Bulpington of Blup ii. 45 These things you call pollywiggles and pollywoggles. 1995 A. Higgins Donkey's Years 95 The tadpoles devour each another indiscriminately... Rita Phelan calls them pollywoggles. β. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. I2^v Thou hast a prety polwigge sparrows tayle peake.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 265 Some little mites of blackish flesh, which they call Tadpoles or Polwigs.1725 Z. Grey Looking-glass Schismaticks ii. 57 Such a Gender that great Frog the Pope left behind him here, when he was drove away, that there hath such a Brood of stinking Polwigs rise from that.1794 W. White Specimen Comm. Shakspeare 19 Eating o' Pollywigs, eating o' Pollywigs, (i. e. Tadpoles).1838 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 2nd Ser. xix. 294 Little ponds..nothing but pollywogs, tadpoles, and minims in them.1892 Working Men's College Jrnl. Oct. 124 In this pond dwells the pollywog, loggerhead, or tadpole.1939 J. B. Parker & J. J. Clarke Introd. Animal Biol. xvi. 366 All these bones..are replacing bones, being derived from the cartilaginous brain-case of the young pollywog.c1985 A. C. Clark From Orange Mailbox 13 The frogs will soon be serenading the season as they fill the water with eggs for this year's pollywogs.γ. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Purwiggy, a tadpole. it is from periwig, and polliwig is a licentious corruption of it. Certainly one of the little animals bear as much resemblance to that antiquated article of finery, the wig with a long queue, as to a pot-ladle, by which name we also call it.1855 Norfolk Words in Trans. Philol. Soc. 35 Pur-Wiggy or Polwiggy, for tadpole.1965–70 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (2002) IV. 256/2 [California, South Carolina] Pollywoggies. †2. English regional (south-eastern). In form polewig. The common goby, Pomatoschistus minutus. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > [noun] > suborder Gobioidei > family Gobiidae > member of genus Gobius gudgeonc1425 black goby1769 pollywog1836 leopard-spotted goby1959 1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes I. 258 The Spotted Goby..is also most plentiful in the Thames, where it is known by the names of Polewig, or Pollybait. 1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 166 Gobius minutus... Freckled or spotted goby. Polewig or pollybait, Thames local name. 3. A person (esp. a politician) who is considered untrustworthy. Now rare. ΚΠ 1854 L. Oliphant Episodes 26 May (1887) 47 Filibusters, pollywogs, and a host of other nicknames. 1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 27 Sept. ‘The slimy machinations of the pollywog politicians have usurped the government of our city’, said Poer. 1936 C. Porter It's De-lovely 4 He's appalling, he's appealing, He's a pollywog, he's a paragon. 4. Nautical slang. A sailor who is crossing the equator for the first time. ΚΠ 1925 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 2 Aug. 1/4 Brendel gives details of the initiation thru which ‘pollywogs’ or tenderfeet were put upon arrival at the equator before they could be classified as ‘old salts’. 1959 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 11 Feb. 4/3 Each Pollywog was..splashed with cold water..then thrown headlong into the pool... We had crossed the equator. 2004 Daily Mail (Nexis) 21 Feb. 48 The ship is about to cross the Equator... We take part in an old naval ritual to convert ‘pollywogs’ (first timers) to ‘shellbacks’ (old hands). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1440
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