pneumato-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms: Before a vowel pneumat-.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek πνευματο-.

Etymology: < ancient Greek πνευματο-, combining form (in e.g. πνευματοποιεῖν to turn into air, vaporize) of πνευματ- , πνεῦμα air, breath, spirit (see pneuma n.). Compare post-classical Latin pneumato- (in e.g. pneumatologia pneumatology n.), French pneumato- (formations in which are found from at least the second half of the 18th cent.), German pneumato- (formations in which are found from at least the second half of the 19th cent.).Earliest in loans ultimately from Greek (partly via Latin or French), as Pneumatomachi n., pneumatocele n. Formations within English are found from the 17th cent. (e.g. pneumatography n., pneumatopyrist n.). Chiefly combining with first elements ultimately of Greek origin.

Forming adjectives and nouns relating to air, gas, or spirit. Cf. pneumo- comb. form 1.

pneumato-chemical adj.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)umədoʊˈkɛmək(ə)l/

[after French pneumato-chimique (1789 in the source translated in quot. 1790)] now historical of or relating to pneumatic chemistry; †pneumato-chemical trough = pneumatic trough n. at pneumatic adj. and n. Compounds (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective]

mago-chemical1652

physico-chemical1664

chemico-medical1744

unorganic1775

pneumato-chemical1790

electrochemical1808

electrochemic1813

zymological1828

photochemical1858

thermochemical1871

physiochemical1881

stoicheiometrical1887

stereo-chemical1890

stoicheiometric1892

physical-chemical1896

zymotechnic1896

zymotechnical1900

photochemic1907

magnetochemical1911

immunochemical1912

radiochemical1915

topochemical1920

palaeochemical1926

cosmochemical1940

mechanochemical1943

radiation-chemical1946

sonochemical1948

stereological1963

bioinorganic1970

thermochemic-

1790 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. iii. vi. 390 (heading) Of compound and pneumato-chemical distillations.

1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) i. v. 52 The pneumato-chemical trough, or pneumatic cistern.

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 12 An improved pneumato-chemical apparatus.

1972 William & Mary Q. 29 279 [List of chemical apparatus in 1814] One pneumato-chemical tube and two mercurial troughs.

† pneumatomorphic adj. Obsolete relating to the attribution of a spiritual form to a god.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1886 Kernel & Husk 62 Metaphors..which would subtilize Him down to a thought, or a mind, or a spirit, may be called phronesimorphic, noumorphic, pneumatomorphic.

† pneumatophany n. Obsolete an appearance or manifestation of the Holy Spirit.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1892 C. A. Briggs Bible, Church & Reason 163 The Theophany, the Christophany, and the Pneumatophany are the sources of the miracles of the Bible.

† pneumato-philosophy n. [originally after German Geistesphilosophie (1831 or earlier in the source translated in quot. 1847); compare physiophilosophy n.] Obsolete rare the philosophy of spirit or spiritual existence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > [noun] > pneumatology

pneumatology1648

pneumatics1695

metaphysics1728

pneumatic philosophy1745

pneumato-philosophy1847

pneumatica1856

1847 A. Tulk tr. L. Oken Elements Physiophilos. 2 Physio- and Pneumato-philosophy range, therefore, parallel to each other. Physio-philosophy, however, holds the first rank, Pneumato-philosophy the second.

1854 E. Hitchcock Relig. Geol. 299 A result obtained by physio-philosophy, whereof pneumato-philosophy as yet augurs nothing.

pneumatophobia n.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈfəʊbɪə/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)umədəˈfoʊbiə/

/ˌn(j)umədoʊˈfoʊbiə/

now rare dread or abhorrence of the spiritual.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > irrational fears

pneumatophobia1678

hydrophobia1760

aerophobia1771

panophobia1784

phobia1786

pantophobia1807

necrophobia1833

phoby1834

syphilomania1838

hippophobia1840

phonophobia1841

syphilophobia1842

scotophobia1844

astrophobia1855

sitomania1859

sitophobia1859

thanatophobia1860

Satanophobia1861

batrachophobia1863

panphobia1870

agoraphobia1871

bogyphobia1872

pathophobia1873

aquaphobia1875

toxiphobia1876

claustrophobia1879

cynophobia1879

mysophobia1879

siderodromophobia1879

phthisiophobia1883

sitiophobia1884

ochlophobia1885

sitiomania1887

acrophobia1888

zoophobia1888

leprophobia1889

nosophobia1889

pamphobia1890

bacteriophobia1894

tuberculophobia1894

taeniiphobia1897

thalassophobia1897

topophobia1899

dysmorphophobia1900

akathisia1903

cremnophobia1903

musicophobia1903

ailurophobia1905

brontophobia1905

phobism1914

arachnophobia1925

school phobia1930

coprophobia1934

mycophobia1957

arachniphobia1966

computer phobia1972

coulrophobia1997

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe 134 All Atheists are possessed with a certain kind of Madness, that may be called Pneumatophobia, that makes them have an irrational but desperate Abhorrence from Spirits or Incorporeal Substances.

1789 Ld. Monboddo Of Origin & Progress of Lang. V. 423 Whether it be not a most extraordinary Pneumatophobia (to use an expression of Cudworth)..which makes a man deny that his own Body is moved by his Mind?

1870 W. Mountford Miracles, Past & Present 168 The word for it was invented by Ralph Cudworth, which was pneumatophobia.

1921 W. R. Sorley Hist. Eng. Philos. 89 They were afflicted by pneumatophobia or ‘an irrational but desperate abhorrence from spirits or incorporeal substances’.

† pneumatophonic adj. [probably after French pneumatophonique (1863 or earlier)] Obsolete of or relating to pneumatophony.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pneumatophonic, of or pertaining to pneumatophony.

† pneumatophony n. [probably after French pneumatophonie (1863 or earlier)] Obsolete the supposed utterance of words and articulate sounds by disembodied spirits.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pneumatophony, so-called spirit-speaking; the supposed production of articulate sounds, resembling the human voice or speech, and conveying intelligence, by disembodied spirits.

† pneumato-therapeutics n. Medicine Obsolete rare = pneumotherapy n. at pneumo- comb. form 1.

ΚΠ

1885 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. I. 81 Aërotherapeutics, or pneumato-therapeutics, treats of the use of atmospheric air as a curative means by artificial changes of its density, as opposed to climatology.

pneumatotherapy n.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈθɛrəpi/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)umədoʊˈθɛrəpi/

[compare German Pneumatotherapie (1898 or earlier); compare slightly earlier pneumato-therapeutics n.] Medicine rare = pneumotherapy n. at pneumo- comb. form 1.

ΚΠ

1895 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Pneumatotherapy, treatment by inhalation either of compressed or rarefied air.

1924 Amer. Mercury Sept. 54/2 The practice of natureopathy shall be held to mean the practice of the psychological, mechanical and material sciences, as follows:..the mechanical sciences, such as..pneumatotherapy, and zonotherapy.

pneumatothorax n.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈθɔːraks/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)umədoʊˈθɔˌræks/

[compare earlier pneumothorax n.] Medicine (now rare) = pneumothorax n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorder of respiratory organs > [noun] > disorders of lungs > other lung disorders

empyemaa1398

emphysema?1587

empyem1597

rising of the lights1630

pleurocele1706

pneumopleuritis1718

pneumonitis1817

pneumothorax1821

pneumatothorax1823

hepatization1834

mediastinitis1842

pleurobronchitis1843

pyothorax1846

splenization1849

pleuropericarditis1852

splenification1859

pneumocele1860

pyopneumothorax1867

pneumatocele1885

pneumolith1890

cavitation1909

Pancoast's syndrome1936

Pancoast's tumour1941

hyaline membrane disease (or syndrome)1953

1823 J. Davy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 113 496 (heading) Observations on air found in the pleura, in a case of pneumato-thorax.

1903 Johns Hopkins Hosp. Rep. XI. 30 Piorry..thinks pneumato-thorax more correct than the common name pneumothorax.

1999 AFX Europe (Nexis) 15 Nov. Argentina president-elect Fernando de la Rua hospitalized for pneumatothorax.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pneumato-
释义	pneumato-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: Before a vowel pneumat-. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek πνευματο-. Etymology: < ancient Greek πνευματο-, combining form (in e.g. πνευματοποιεῖν to turn into air, vaporize) of πνευματ- , πνεῦμα air, breath, spirit (see pneuma n.). Compare post-classical Latin pneumato- (in e.g. pneumatologia pneumatology n.), French pneumato- (formations in which are found from at least the second half of the 18th cent.), German pneumato- (formations in which are found from at least the second half of the 19th cent.).Earliest in loans ultimately from Greek (partly via Latin or French), as Pneumatomachi n., pneumatocele n. Formations within English are found from the 17th cent. (e.g. pneumatography n., pneumatopyrist n.). Chiefly combining with first elements ultimately of Greek origin. Forming adjectives and nouns relating to air, gas, or spirit. Cf. pneumo- comb. form 1. pneumato-chemical adj. Brit. /ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)umədoʊˈkɛmək(ə)l/ [after French pneumato-chimique (1789 in the source translated in quot. 1790)] now historical of or relating to pneumatic chemistry; †pneumato-chemical trough = pneumatic trough n. at pneumatic adj. and n. Compounds (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective] mago-chemical1652 physico-chemical1664 chemico-medical1744 unorganic1775 pneumato-chemical1790 electrochemical1808 electrochemic1813 zymological1828 photochemical1858 thermochemical1871 physiochemical1881 stoicheiometrical1887 stereo-chemical1890 stoicheiometric1892 physical-chemical1896 zymotechnic1896 zymotechnical1900 photochemic1907 magnetochemical1911 immunochemical1912 radiochemical1915 topochemical1920 palaeochemical1926 cosmochemical1940 mechanochemical1943 radiation-chemical1946 sonochemical1948 stereological1963 bioinorganic1970 thermochemic- 1790 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. iii. vi. 390 (heading) Of compound and pneumato-chemical distillations. 1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) i. v. 52 The pneumato-chemical trough, or pneumatic cistern. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 12 An improved pneumato-chemical apparatus. 1972 William & Mary Q. 29 279 [List of chemical apparatus in 1814] One pneumato-chemical tube and two mercurial troughs. † pneumatomorphic adj. Obsolete relating to the attribution of a spiritual form to a god.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1886 Kernel & Husk 62 Metaphors..which would subtilize Him down to a thought, or a mind, or a spirit, may be called phronesimorphic, noumorphic, pneumatomorphic. † pneumatophany n. Obsolete an appearance or manifestation of the Holy Spirit.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1892 C. A. Briggs Bible, Church & Reason 163 The Theophany, the Christophany, and the Pneumatophany are the sources of the miracles of the Bible. † pneumato-philosophy n. [originally after German Geistesphilosophie (1831 or earlier in the source translated in quot. 1847); compare physiophilosophy n.] Obsolete rare the philosophy of spirit or spiritual existence. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > [noun] > pneumatology pneumatology1648 pneumatics1695 metaphysics1728 pneumatic philosophy1745 pneumato-philosophy1847 pneumatica1856 1847 A. Tulk tr. L. Oken Elements Physiophilos. 2 Physio- and Pneumato-philosophy range, therefore, parallel to each other. Physio-philosophy, however, holds the first rank, Pneumato-philosophy the second. 1854 E. Hitchcock Relig. Geol. 299 A result obtained by physio-philosophy, whereof pneumato-philosophy as yet augurs nothing. pneumatophobia n. Brit. /ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈfəʊbɪə/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)umədəˈfoʊbiə/ , /ˌn(j)umədoʊˈfoʊbiə/ now rare dread or abhorrence of the spiritual. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > irrational fears pneumatophobia1678 hydrophobia1760 aerophobia1771 panophobia1784 phobia1786 pantophobia1807 necrophobia1833 phoby1834 syphilomania1838 hippophobia1840 phonophobia1841 syphilophobia1842 scotophobia1844 astrophobia1855 sitomania1859 sitophobia1859 thanatophobia1860 Satanophobia1861 batrachophobia1863 panphobia1870 agoraphobia1871 bogyphobia1872 pathophobia1873 aquaphobia1875 toxiphobia1876 claustrophobia1879 cynophobia1879 mysophobia1879 siderodromophobia1879 phthisiophobia1883 sitiophobia1884 ochlophobia1885 sitiomania1887 acrophobia1888 zoophobia1888 leprophobia1889 nosophobia1889 pamphobia1890 bacteriophobia1894 tuberculophobia1894 taeniiphobia1897 thalassophobia1897 topophobia1899 dysmorphophobia1900 akathisia1903 cremnophobia1903 musicophobia1903 ailurophobia1905 brontophobia1905 phobism1914 arachnophobia1925 school phobia1930 coprophobia1934 mycophobia1957 arachniphobia1966 computer phobia1972 coulrophobia1997 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe 134 All Atheists are possessed with a certain kind of Madness, that may be called Pneumatophobia, that makes them have an irrational but desperate Abhorrence from Spirits or Incorporeal Substances. 1789 Ld. Monboddo Of Origin & Progress of Lang. V. 423 Whether it be not a most extraordinary Pneumatophobia (to use an expression of Cudworth)..which makes a man deny that his own Body is moved by his Mind? 1870 W. Mountford Miracles, Past & Present 168 The word for it was invented by Ralph Cudworth, which was pneumatophobia. 1921 W. R. Sorley Hist. Eng. Philos. 89 They were afflicted by pneumatophobia or ‘an irrational but desperate abhorrence from spirits or incorporeal substances’. † pneumatophonic adj. [probably after French pneumatophonique (1863 or earlier)] Obsolete of or relating to pneumatophony. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pneumatophonic, of or pertaining to pneumatophony. † pneumatophony n. [probably after French pneumatophonie (1863 or earlier)] Obsolete the supposed utterance of words and articulate sounds by disembodied spirits. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pneumatophony, so-called spirit-speaking; the supposed production of articulate sounds, resembling the human voice or speech, and conveying intelligence, by disembodied spirits. † pneumato-therapeutics n. Medicine Obsolete rare = pneumotherapy n. at pneumo- comb. form 1. ΚΠ 1885 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. I. 81 Aërotherapeutics, or pneumato-therapeutics, treats of the use of atmospheric air as a curative means by artificial changes of its density, as opposed to climatology. pneumatotherapy n. Brit. /ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈθɛrəpi/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)umədoʊˈθɛrəpi/ [compare German Pneumatotherapie (1898 or earlier); compare slightly earlier pneumato-therapeutics n.] Medicine rare = pneumotherapy n. at pneumo- comb. form 1. ΚΠ 1895 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Pneumatotherapy, treatment by inhalation either of compressed or rarefied air. 1924 Amer. Mercury Sept. 54/2 The practice of natureopathy shall be held to mean the practice of the psychological, mechanical and material sciences, as follows:..the mechanical sciences, such as..pneumatotherapy, and zonotherapy. pneumatothorax n. Brit. /ˌnjuːmətə(ʊ)ˈθɔːraks/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)umədoʊˈθɔˌræks/ [compare earlier pneumothorax n.] Medicine (now rare) = pneumothorax n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorder of respiratory organs > [noun] > disorders of lungs > other lung disorders empyemaa1398 emphysema?1587 empyem1597 rising of the lights1630 pleurocele1706 pneumopleuritis1718 pneumonitis1817 pneumothorax1821 pneumatothorax1823 hepatization1834 mediastinitis1842 pleurobronchitis1843 pyothorax1846 splenization1849 pleuropericarditis1852 splenification1859 pneumocele1860 pyopneumothorax1867 pneumatocele1885 pneumolith1890 cavitation1909 Pancoast's syndrome1936 Pancoast's tumour1941 hyaline membrane disease (or syndrome)1953 1823 J. Davy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 113 496 (heading) Observations on air found in the pleura, in a case of pneumato-thorax. 1903 Johns Hopkins Hosp. Rep. XI. 30 Piorry..thinks pneumato-thorax more correct than the common name pneumothorax. 1999 AFX Europe (Nexis) 15 Nov. Argentina president-elect Fernando de la Rua hospitalized for pneumatothorax. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1678
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