pneumonian.

Brit.

/njuːˈməʊnɪə/,

/njᵿˈməʊnɪə/, U.S.

/nəˈmoʊnjə/,

/n(j)uˈmoʊnjə/

Forms: 1600s pneumonie, 1700s–1800s pneumony, 1700s– pneumonia.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin pneumonia; Greek πνευμονία.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin pneumonia inflammation of the lungs (1564 or earlier: see note at definition below) and its etymon Hellenistic Greek πνευμονία (Plutarch) < ancient Greek πνευμον- , πνεύμων lung (see pneumono- comb. form) + -ία -ia suffix¹; compare -y suffix³.

Medicine. Inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung, esp. of infectious (chiefly bacterial or viral) origin; an instance of this. Frequently with distinguishing word or words, indicating the cause, extent, etc., of the inflammation (as aspiration pneumonia, double pneumonia, virus pneumonia, etc.). Cf. earlier peripneumonia n., and pneumonitis n.The gradual replacement of the earlier nosological term peripneumonia followed the adoption of pneumonia as a generic name for inflammation of the lungs and pleurae by William Cullen, esp. in the third (1780) edition of Synopsis Nosologiæ Methodicæ.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorder of respiratory organs > [noun] > disorders of lungs > pneumonia

peripleumoniaa1400

peripleumony?a1425

peripneumony?1550

peripneumonia1562

pneumonia1603

pneumonitis1817

lung-fever1852

pleuro1863

pneu1916

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1012 The beginning of the Pneumonie or inflamation of the lungs.

1747 tr. G. van Swieten Comm. Aphorisms Boerhaave VIII. 211 But it is likewise evident, that the ancient Physicians themselves esteem the disease which they call pneumonia [Gk. πνευμονίην] or peripneumonia to be an inflammation of the lungs.

1779 W. Cullen First Lines Pract. Physic II. iv. iv. 231 A suppuration formed in consequence of pneumonia.

1794 B. Rush Med. Inq. & Observ.: Acct. of Bilious Remitting Yellow Fever III. 277 In pneumonies which affect whole neighbourhoods in the spring of the year, bleeding is the universal remedy.

1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 252 In consequence of imprudent exposure to a cold wind, she was seized with symptoms of pneumonia.

1845 Littell's Living Age 11 Jan. 76/2 I think of the catarrhs, coughs, pleurisies, pneumonies, consumptions, and other interesting affections, that necessarily must result.

1846 J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 147 Pneumonia occasionally attacks all cattle, but more particularly working beasts, and those that have been driven a long way.

1880 Scribner's Monthly May 17/2 Uncle Elbert Rogers was down with pneumony.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 110 Apical pneumonia of one lung is often accompanied by basal pneumonia of the other.

1903 Science 3 July 15 An acute lobar pneumonia.

1939 N. West Day of Locust vii. 43 One day, while sitting in the park in the rain, he had caught cold and his cold developed into pneumonia.

1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 21 Mar. 673/1 Various bacterial pneumonias, including those due to brucellosis, salmonellosis and streptococcal infection.

1993 Latest Word Dec. 25/2 Another diagnostic problem is the similarity of symptoms between pulmonary TB and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), including weakness, general malaise, weight loss, fever, night sweats, and chest pain.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

pneumonia microbe n. [compare slightly earlier German Pneumoniemikroben (1889 or earlier)]

ΚΠ

1890 Daily News (Frederick, Maryland) 27 Jan. The great mortality of the prevailing [flu] epidemic is due to the pneumonia microbe developed to an extraordinary extent by influenza.

1998 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegram (Nexis) 20 Feb. (News section) 9 Pneumonia microbe linked to high blood pressure.

pneumonia patient n.

ΚΠ

1902 Landmark (Statesville, N. Carolina) 16 May Miss Mamie Stevenson went to Mooresville yesterday to nurse a pneumonia patient.

1925 Sci. Amer. Sept. 181/2 (caption) A portable oxygen tent for pneumonia patients.

2003 Med. Post (Nexis) 29 July The public health focus should have been on hospital-based pneumonia patients.

C2.

pneumonia blouse n. colloquial (now historical) a woman's blouse made of thin or light material and having a low neckline.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of

jerkinetc1686

shell1802

shirt1840

Garibaldi1862

shirt-bodice1868

Norfolk blouse1869

shirtwaist1871

shirt-blouse1876

guimpe1889

overblouse1889

middy1894

blouse coat1898

pneumonia blouse1902

jumper1908

kimono blouse1908

sailor top1913

buba1937

1902 in C. W. Cunnington Eng. Women's Clothing (1952) ii. 47 The questionable morality of the ‘Pneumonia blouse’... A transparent blouse of muslin and lace with next to no collar.

1905 R. Broughton Waif's Progress xix. 209 ‘Catherine had a bad cold.’ ‘The result of a pneumonia blouse, I suppose!’

1961 Guardian 6 Mar. 10/6 Astrakhan and felt bootees shared a narrow bench with sandals and ‘pneumonia’ blouse.

1999 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 27 Dec. e1 Blouses with even modest V-necks were dubbed ‘pneumonia blouses,’ because they were thought to threaten health.

pneumonia coccus n. [perhaps after German Pneumoniecoccen (1889 in the passage translated in quot. 1890)] Medicine (now historical) = pneumococcus n.

ΚΠ

1890 J. Cagney tr. R. von Jaksch Clin. Diagnosis iv. 89 Some notice of the position which may be accorded to the pneumonia coccus.

1939 H. E. Barnes Society in Transition xi. 441 The discovery of the pneumonia coccus by Friedlander, Frankel, and Sternberg.

pneumonia jacket n. now historical a flannel garment for the upper body, used for pneumonia patients.

ΚΠ

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 434 ‘Poultice’ or ‘Pneumonia jackets’ are garments made of a strip of thin flannel or flannelette.

1926 J. Galsworthy Silver Spoon ii. x. 203 ‘Shall I stop and help you pack him?’ When the pneumonia jacket had been put on, she lingered, looking down at him.

2002 Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) (Nexis) 24 Nov. a20 Once a patient was infected he was isolated from non-infected persons, put to bed, a ‘pneumonia jacket’ applied, and camphorated oil chest rubs and various types of throat sprays were used.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pneumonia
释义	pneumonian. Brit. /njuːˈməʊnɪə/, /njᵿˈməʊnɪə/, U.S. /nəˈmoʊnjə/, /n(j)uˈmoʊnjə/ Forms: 1600s pneumonie, 1700s–1800s pneumony, 1700s– pneumonia. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin pneumonia; Greek πνευμονία. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pneumonia inflammation of the lungs (1564 or earlier: see note at definition below) and its etymon Hellenistic Greek πνευμονία (Plutarch) < ancient Greek πνευμον- , πνεύμων lung (see pneumono- comb. form) + -ία -ia suffix¹; compare -y suffix³. Medicine. Inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung, esp. of infectious (chiefly bacterial or viral) origin; an instance of this. Frequently with distinguishing word or words, indicating the cause, extent, etc., of the inflammation (as aspiration pneumonia, double pneumonia, virus pneumonia, etc.). Cf. earlier peripneumonia n., and pneumonitis n.The gradual replacement of the earlier nosological term peripneumonia followed the adoption of pneumonia as a generic name for inflammation of the lungs and pleurae by William Cullen, esp. in the third (1780) edition of Synopsis Nosologiæ Methodicæ. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorder of respiratory organs > [noun] > disorders of lungs > pneumonia peripleumoniaa1400 peripleumony?a1425 peripneumony?1550 peripneumonia1562 pneumonia1603 pneumonitis1817 lung-fever1852 pleuro1863 pneu1916 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1012 The beginning of the Pneumonie or inflamation of the lungs. 1747 tr. G. van Swieten Comm. Aphorisms Boerhaave VIII. 211 But it is likewise evident, that the ancient Physicians themselves esteem the disease which they call pneumonia [Gk. πνευμονίην] or peripneumonia to be an inflammation of the lungs. 1779 W. Cullen First Lines Pract. Physic II. iv. iv. 231 A suppuration formed in consequence of pneumonia. 1794 B. Rush Med. Inq. & Observ.: Acct. of Bilious Remitting Yellow Fever III. 277 In pneumonies which affect whole neighbourhoods in the spring of the year, bleeding is the universal remedy. 1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 252 In consequence of imprudent exposure to a cold wind, she was seized with symptoms of pneumonia. 1845 Littell's Living Age 11 Jan. 76/2 I think of the catarrhs, coughs, pleurisies, pneumonies, consumptions, and other interesting affections, that necessarily must result. 1846 J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 147 Pneumonia occasionally attacks all cattle, but more particularly working beasts, and those that have been driven a long way. 1880 Scribner's Monthly May 17/2 Uncle Elbert Rogers was down with pneumony. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 110 Apical pneumonia of one lung is often accompanied by basal pneumonia of the other. 1903 Science 3 July 15 An acute lobar pneumonia. 1939 N. West Day of Locust vii. 43 One day, while sitting in the park in the rain, he had caught cold and his cold developed into pneumonia. 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 21 Mar. 673/1 Various bacterial pneumonias, including those due to brucellosis, salmonellosis and streptococcal infection. 1993 Latest Word Dec. 25/2 Another diagnostic problem is the similarity of symptoms between pulmonary TB and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), including weakness, general malaise, weight loss, fever, night sweats, and chest pain. Compounds C1. General attributive. pneumonia microbe n. [compare slightly earlier German Pneumoniemikroben (1889 or earlier)] ΚΠ 1890 Daily News (Frederick, Maryland) 27 Jan. The great mortality of the prevailing [flu] epidemic is due to the pneumonia microbe developed to an extraordinary extent by influenza. 1998 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegram (Nexis) 20 Feb. (News section) 9 Pneumonia microbe linked to high blood pressure. pneumonia patient n. ΚΠ 1902 Landmark (Statesville, N. Carolina) 16 May Miss Mamie Stevenson went to Mooresville yesterday to nurse a pneumonia patient. 1925 Sci. Amer. Sept. 181/2 (caption) A portable oxygen tent for pneumonia patients. 2003 Med. Post (Nexis) 29 July The public health focus should have been on hospital-based pneumonia patients. C2. pneumonia blouse n. colloquial (now historical) a woman's blouse made of thin or light material and having a low neckline. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of jerkinetc1686 shell1802 shirt1840 Garibaldi1862 shirt-bodice1868 Norfolk blouse1869 shirtwaist1871 shirt-blouse1876 guimpe1889 overblouse1889 middy1894 blouse coat1898 pneumonia blouse1902 jumper1908 kimono blouse1908 sailor top1913 buba1937 1902 in C. W. Cunnington Eng. Women's Clothing (1952) ii. 47 The questionable morality of the ‘Pneumonia blouse’... A transparent blouse of muslin and lace with next to no collar. 1905 R. Broughton Waif's Progress xix. 209 ‘Catherine had a bad cold.’ ‘The result of a pneumonia blouse, I suppose!’ 1961 Guardian 6 Mar. 10/6 Astrakhan and felt bootees shared a narrow bench with sandals and ‘pneumonia’ blouse. 1999 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 27 Dec. e1 Blouses with even modest V-necks were dubbed ‘pneumonia blouses,’ because they were thought to threaten health. pneumonia coccus n. [perhaps after German Pneumoniecoccen (1889 in the passage translated in quot. 1890)] Medicine (now historical) = pneumococcus n. ΚΠ 1890 J. Cagney tr. R. von Jaksch Clin. Diagnosis iv. 89 Some notice of the position which may be accorded to the pneumonia coccus. 1939 H. E. Barnes Society in Transition xi. 441 The discovery of the pneumonia coccus by Friedlander, Frankel, and Sternberg. pneumonia jacket n. now historical a flannel garment for the upper body, used for pneumonia patients. ΚΠ 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 434 ‘Poultice’ or ‘Pneumonia jackets’ are garments made of a strip of thin flannel or flannelette. 1926 J. Galsworthy Silver Spoon ii. x. 203 ‘Shall I stop and help you pack him?’ When the pneumonia jacket had been put on, she lingered, looking down at him. 2002 Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) (Nexis) 24 Nov. a20 Once a patient was infected he was isolated from non-infected persons, put to bed, a ‘pneumonia jacket’ applied, and camphorated oil chest rubs and various types of throat sprays were used. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1603
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