practiserpracticern.

Brit.

/ˈpraktᵻsə/, U.S.

/ˈpræktəsər/

Forms: Middle English practisere, Middle English practisir, Middle English practisor, Middle English practisour, Middle English practisoure, Middle English practizour, Middle English practysour, Middle English praktisour, Middle English– practiser, 1500s practisser, 1500s practyser, 1500s practysure, 1500s–1600s practizer, 1500s– practicer; Scottish pre-1700 practeisar, pre-1700 practeser, pre-1700 practisar, pre-1700 practiseir, pre-1700 practizar, pre-1700 practizer, pre-1700 practyser, pre-1700 1700s– practiser, 1800s– practicer.

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or perhaps (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: practise v., -er suffix¹; French practiseur.

Etymology: Either < practise v. (although this is apparently first attested later) + -er suffix¹, or perhaps < Old French practiseur physician (1314 in an apparently isolated attestation; < practiser (although this is apparently first attested later: see practise v.) + -eur -or suffix). Compare Middle French, French †pratiqueur schemer (1536), negotiator (1554). In sense 4 apparently independently re-formed < practise v. + -er suffix¹. Compare later practitioner n.

†a. A practitioner of medicine or surgery; a physician, a surgeon; = practitioner n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun]

physician?c1225

leecherc1374

practiserc1387

doctora1400

flesh-leecha1400

leechman14..

mediciner?a1425

miria1425

M.D.1425

medicine?c1450

practitioner?1543

minister1559

doc1563

artist1565

medicus1570

medicianera1578

Aesculapius1586

Dra1593

pisspot1592

medician1597

physicianer1598

medicinary1599

pisspot1600

velvet-cap1602

healer1611

Galena1616

physiner1616

clyster1621

clyster-pipe1622

hakim1623

medic1625

practicant1630

medico1647

physicker1649

physicster1689

Aesculapian1694

nim-gimmer1699

pill-monger1706

medical man1784

meester1812

medical1823

pill-gilder1824

therapeutist1830

pill1835

pill roller1843

med1851

pill-peddler1855

therapeutic1858

squirt1859

medicine man1866

pill pusher1879

therapist1886

doser1888

internist1894

pill-shooter1911

whitecoat1911

quack1919

vet1925

c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 422 With vs ther was a doctour of phisik..He was a verray parfit practisour [v.rr. praktisour, practisere].

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. 107 (MED) Pieres..did him assaye his surgerye on hem that syke were, Til he was parfit practisoure.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Here it schewiþ openly boþe by þe auctouris & siþen bi þe practisouris þat þe noumbre of þe bonys of þe heed drawiþ alle to oon conclusioun.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 67 (MED) At the last þere was oon yfounde, callid Aueroys, þat was sotill in crafte and a good practiser.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 53 They are lyke those sicke men whiche reiect the expert and cunning Phisition,..and..admit the heedelesse practiser.

1612 J. Cotta (title) A short discoverie of the unobserved dangers of severall sorts of ignorant and unconsiderate practisers of physicke in England.

1666 W. Boghurst Loimographia (1894) 100 Many ignorant practizers..took upon them the name of Doctors.

1767 T. Hutchinson Hist. Province Massachusetts-Bay, 1691–1750 (1768) II. 274 Another practiser,..who had been a surgeon in the French army.

1823 T. Carlyle Let. 22 Mar. in Coll. Lett. T. & J. W. Carlyle (1970) II. 308 Jack is going to become a large gawsie broad-faced Practicer of Physic.

1890 Dict. National Biogr. XXII. 114/2 The second [treatise]..gives details of all the prosecutions of empirics, or uneducated practisers of physic..and is of great historical interest.

†b. A legal practitioner; a lawyer; = practitioner n. 1c. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun]

lawyer1377

man of lawc1405

practiserc1450

jurist1481

lawman1535

practitioner1576

man of the long coat1579

(a gentleman) toward the law1592

gownsman1627

law-driver1640

long-robe man1654

green bag1699

flycatcher1708

homme d'affaires1717

jet1728

law-solicitor1738

shark1806

blue bag1817

law-person1819

law-gentleman1837

maître1883

lip1929

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 1582 Practisirs & prematis [v.r. practyf men in prevatez] & prestis of þe lawe.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Practiser of lawe.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 588 A chauncerie man, or practiser in the law to drawe out writtes. Formularius.

1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 182 Such barbarous cruelty who ever saw Done on a duller practicer at law?

1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 33 The worthie Societie of the Professors, Practisers, and Students of the Common Law of this Land in Lincolns Inn.

1700 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 438 The Chancery requiring so little skill in deepe law-learning, so the practiser can Talke eloquently, & that Court so profitable, very few care to study the law to any purpose.

1741 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 35/1 Where the Tricks and Mistakes of Practisers, and Want of trifling Forms, may nonsuit you?

1828 Edinb. Rev. 48 495 In his Utopia such practisers..would be disbarred.

1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) I. x. 332 He had been formerly a student and practiser in the courts of common law in England.

c. gen. A person who pursues or engages in a particular trade, skill, or pastime. Cf. practitioner n. 1b. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > [noun] > practician

practician1474

practitionera1555

practiser1586

1586 Praise of Musicke ii. 20 Her professors & practisers were not rewarded.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 136 Practizers and teachers of these Geometricall conclusions.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 31 This good man was as dear a lover, and constant practicer of Angling, as any Age can produce.

1690 S. Pepys Mem. Royal Navy 51 A List of every Person..of more than common reckoning among the Professors and Practicers of Shipwrightry within this Kingdom.

1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. vi. 128 Too illustrious a lover and even practicer of the art to be omitted.

1885 Dict. National Biogr. II. 261/1 Austen died..after he had been a practiser in gardening and planting trees fifty years.

1909 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 14 597 Vintner, brewer, baker,..and all their congeners were socially evolved from the practicers of inchoate domestic industries.

1975 News Jrnl. (Mansfield, Ohio) 20 July 1 e/2 Horse racing, the practicers will affirm, is not a poor man's game.

2. A person who habitually or customarily engages in a particular activity or type of behaviour; = practitioner n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > practice, exercise, or doing > [noun] > one who

practiser1541

practitioner1548

exerciser1552

practicant1952

1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xxxiv. f. 81 Phylosophers were neuer good practysers in weale publyke.

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 4 a They tooke him for a counterfeit or colourable practiser.

1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xxvii. 277 That scarce any one [of them]..either was, or is a true Lover,..or Practiser of the Protestant Religion, established in England.

a1674 T. Traherne Cent. of Medit. (1908) i. lxxxii. 62 Beginners and desirers will give you the opportunity of infusing yourself and your principles into them. Practicers and growers will mingle souls and be delightful companions.

1714 R. Bentley Remarks on Late Disc. of Free-thinking (ed. 4) 24 All hearty professors and practisers of Religion.

1826 C. Butler Life Grotius vii. 113 Councillors and practisers of schemes hostile to its welfare.

1842 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. ix. 156 A believer in, if not a practiser of, animal magnetism.

1912 Dict. National Biogr. 1901–11 II. 533/1 He discouraged the more advanced usages, from the practisers of which his chief troubles as a bishop proceeded.

1954 Salisbury (Maryland) Times 3 Apr. 3/4 When a person becomes a real practicer of faith he can tap the great powers he possesses.

1992 Economist 12 Sept. 18/1 Under Kemal Ataturk, the Turks began an attempt..to show that it is possible to be both Muslim and modern, a follower of the Prophet but also a practiser of pluralism.

†3. A plotter, a schemer; = practitioner n. 4. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > plotter

compassera1513

engineer?a1513

hafter1519

contrivera1522

deviser1523

intrycarc1540

practiser1545

practisant1550

practitioner1560

brewer1563

platformer1572

hatcher1578

politician1586

plotter1594

tamperer1599

plotcaster1602

machinator1611

plot-maker1641

trinketer1651

intriguer1667

plot-monger1683

schemist1724

under-plotter1728

intriguant1781

policizer1809

intriguist1830

schemer1846

planster1945

wheeler-dealer1960

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > trickery, playing jokes > [noun] > practitioner

japer1362

practiser1545

practitioner1560

amuser1583

fopper1659

hummer1763

prankster1811

hoaxer1814

puck1823

practical joker1830

pranking1852

card1853

leg-puller1887

kidder1888

pranker1890

codologist1897

spoofer1914

wind-up artist1984

1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 466 He is a gret practiser, with which honest terme we cover untrew tales tellyng, lying, dissimulyng, and flateryng.

1552 King Edward VI Chron. & Polit. Papers (1966) (modernized text) 151 One George Paris..who had been a practiser between the Earl of Desmond and other Irish Lords and the French King.

c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 158 A perfect practiser against the quiet of this state.

a1626 F. Bacon Speech in A. Wilson Five Yeares King Iames (1643) 83 That my lord of Somerset was principall practiser..in a most perfidious manner, to set a traine and trap for Overbury to get into the Tower.

a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. II. 43 The Lord Seton..and some other practisers were sent before to raise new troubles.

4. A person who practises (regularly) to gain proficiency in something. Cf. practise v. 2.

ΚΠ

1912 Times 12 Mar. 16/3 He may go out [to practise] with the ambition, not of improving his play, but of preventing it from becoming worse... The practiser of this..type may be subdivided into two very different persons.

1920 Musical Times 61 700/1 As to your practices, the only way to avoid being mistaken for an audience paying for admission is for the practisers to stop their ears with red tape.

1989 Music Technol. Oct. 31/3 Even though I was an avid practicer of the acoustic piano, every time something would come out MIDI'd or un-MIDI'd, computerized or uncomputerized, I..tried to..learn it.

2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 19 Apr. 74 The biggest difference between me and my old man is he wasn't a big practiser. I've always wanted to make sure I'm one of the best trainers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	practiser
释义	practiserpracticern. Brit. /ˈpraktᵻsə/, U.S. /ˈpræktəsər/ Forms: Middle English practisere, Middle English practisir, Middle English practisor, Middle English practisour, Middle English practisoure, Middle English practizour, Middle English practysour, Middle English praktisour, Middle English– practiser, 1500s practisser, 1500s practyser, 1500s practysure, 1500s–1600s practizer, 1500s– practicer; Scottish pre-1700 practeisar, pre-1700 practeser, pre-1700 practisar, pre-1700 practiseir, pre-1700 practizar, pre-1700 practizer, pre-1700 practyser, pre-1700 1700s– practiser, 1800s– practicer. Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or perhaps (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: practise v., -er suffix¹; French practiseur. Etymology: Either < practise v. (although this is apparently first attested later) + -er suffix¹, or perhaps < Old French practiseur physician (1314 in an apparently isolated attestation; < practiser (although this is apparently first attested later: see practise v.) + -eur -or suffix). Compare Middle French, French †pratiqueur schemer (1536), negotiator (1554). In sense 4 apparently independently re-formed < practise v. + -er suffix¹. Compare later practitioner n. 1. †a. A practitioner of medicine or surgery; a physician, a surgeon; = practitioner n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] physician?c1225 leecherc1374 practiserc1387 doctora1400 flesh-leecha1400 leechman14.. mediciner?a1425 miria1425 M.D.1425 medicine?c1450 practitioner?1543 minister1559 doc1563 artist1565 medicus1570 medicianera1578 Aesculapius1586 Dra1593 pisspot1592 medician1597 physicianer1598 medicinary1599 pisspot1600 velvet-cap1602 healer1611 Galena1616 physiner1616 clyster1621 clyster-pipe1622 hakim1623 medic1625 practicant1630 medico1647 physicker1649 physicster1689 Aesculapian1694 nim-gimmer1699 pill-monger1706 medical man1784 meester1812 medical1823 pill-gilder1824 therapeutist1830 pill1835 pill roller1843 med1851 pill-peddler1855 therapeutic1858 squirt1859 medicine man1866 pill pusher1879 therapist1886 doser1888 internist1894 pill-shooter1911 whitecoat1911 quack1919 vet1925 c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 422 With vs ther was a doctour of phisik..He was a verray parfit practisour [v.rr. praktisour, practisere]. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. 107 (MED) Pieres..did him assaye his surgerye on hem that syke were, Til he was parfit practisoure. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Here it schewiþ openly boþe by þe auctouris & siþen bi þe practisouris þat þe noumbre of þe bonys of þe heed drawiþ alle to oon conclusioun. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 67 (MED) At the last þere was oon yfounde, callid Aueroys, þat was sotill in crafte and a good practiser. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 53 They are lyke those sicke men whiche reiect the expert and cunning Phisition,..and..admit the heedelesse practiser. 1612 J. Cotta (title) A short discoverie of the unobserved dangers of severall sorts of ignorant and unconsiderate practisers of physicke in England. 1666 W. Boghurst Loimographia (1894) 100 Many ignorant practizers..took upon them the name of Doctors. 1767 T. Hutchinson Hist. Province Massachusetts-Bay, 1691–1750 (1768) II. 274 Another practiser,..who had been a surgeon in the French army. 1823 T. Carlyle Let. 22 Mar. in Coll. Lett. T. & J. W. Carlyle (1970) II. 308 Jack is going to become a large gawsie broad-faced Practicer of Physic. 1890 Dict. National Biogr. XXII. 114/2 The second [treatise]..gives details of all the prosecutions of empirics, or uneducated practisers of physic..and is of great historical interest. †b. A legal practitioner; a lawyer; = practitioner n. 1c. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] lawyer1377 man of lawc1405 practiserc1450 jurist1481 lawman1535 practitioner1576 man of the long coat1579 (a gentleman) toward the law1592 gownsman1627 law-driver1640 long-robe man1654 green bag1699 flycatcher1708 homme d'affaires1717 jet1728 law-solicitor1738 shark1806 blue bag1817 law-person1819 law-gentleman1837 maître1883 lip1929 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 1582 Practisirs & prematis [v.r. practyf men in prevatez] & prestis of þe lawe. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Practiser of lawe. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 588 A chauncerie man, or practiser in the law to drawe out writtes. Formularius. 1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 182 Such barbarous cruelty who ever saw Done on a duller practicer at law? 1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 33 The worthie Societie of the Professors, Practisers, and Students of the Common Law of this Land in Lincolns Inn. 1700 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 438 The Chancery requiring so little skill in deepe law-learning, so the practiser can Talke eloquently, & that Court so profitable, very few care to study the law to any purpose. 1741 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 35/1 Where the Tricks and Mistakes of Practisers, and Want of trifling Forms, may nonsuit you? 1828 Edinb. Rev. 48 495 In his Utopia such practisers..would be disbarred. 1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) I. x. 332 He had been formerly a student and practiser in the courts of common law in England. c. gen. A person who pursues or engages in a particular trade, skill, or pastime. Cf. practitioner n. 1b. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > [noun] > practician practician1474 practitionera1555 practiser1586 1586 Praise of Musicke ii. 20 Her professors & practisers were not rewarded. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 136 Practizers and teachers of these Geometricall conclusions. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 31 This good man was as dear a lover, and constant practicer of Angling, as any Age can produce. View more context for this quotation 1690 S. Pepys Mem. Royal Navy 51 A List of every Person..of more than common reckoning among the Professors and Practicers of Shipwrightry within this Kingdom. 1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. vi. 128 Too illustrious a lover and even practicer of the art to be omitted. 1885 Dict. National Biogr. II. 261/1 Austen died..after he had been a practiser in gardening and planting trees fifty years. 1909 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 14 597 Vintner, brewer, baker,..and all their congeners were socially evolved from the practicers of inchoate domestic industries. 1975 News Jrnl. (Mansfield, Ohio) 20 July 1 e/2 Horse racing, the practicers will affirm, is not a poor man's game. 2. A person who habitually or customarily engages in a particular activity or type of behaviour; = practitioner n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > practice, exercise, or doing > [noun] > one who practiser1541 practitioner1548 exerciser1552 practicant1952 1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xxxiv. f. 81 Phylosophers were neuer good practysers in weale publyke. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 4 a They tooke him for a counterfeit or colourable practiser. 1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xxvii. 277 That scarce any one [of them]..either was, or is a true Lover,..or Practiser of the Protestant Religion, established in England. a1674 T. Traherne Cent. of Medit. (1908) i. lxxxii. 62 Beginners and desirers will give you the opportunity of infusing yourself and your principles into them. Practicers and growers will mingle souls and be delightful companions. 1714 R. Bentley Remarks on Late Disc. of Free-thinking (ed. 4) 24 All hearty professors and practisers of Religion. 1826 C. Butler Life Grotius vii. 113 Councillors and practisers of schemes hostile to its welfare. 1842 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. ix. 156 A believer in, if not a practiser of, animal magnetism. 1912 Dict. National Biogr. 1901–11 II. 533/1 He discouraged the more advanced usages, from the practisers of which his chief troubles as a bishop proceeded. 1954 Salisbury (Maryland) Times 3 Apr. 3/4 When a person becomes a real practicer of faith he can tap the great powers he possesses. 1992 Economist 12 Sept. 18/1 Under Kemal Ataturk, the Turks began an attempt..to show that it is possible to be both Muslim and modern, a follower of the Prophet but also a practiser of pluralism. †3. A plotter, a schemer; = practitioner n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > plotter compassera1513 engineer?a1513 hafter1519 contrivera1522 deviser1523 intrycarc1540 practiser1545 practisant1550 practitioner1560 brewer1563 platformer1572 hatcher1578 politician1586 plotter1594 tamperer1599 plotcaster1602 machinator1611 plot-maker1641 trinketer1651 intriguer1667 plot-monger1683 schemist1724 under-plotter1728 intriguant1781 policizer1809 intriguist1830 schemer1846 planster1945 wheeler-dealer1960 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > trickery, playing jokes > [noun] > practitioner japer1362 practiser1545 practitioner1560 amuser1583 fopper1659 hummer1763 prankster1811 hoaxer1814 puck1823 practical joker1830 pranking1852 card1853 leg-puller1887 kidder1888 pranker1890 codologist1897 spoofer1914 wind-up artist1984 1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 466 He is a gret practiser, with which honest terme we cover untrew tales tellyng, lying, dissimulyng, and flateryng. 1552 King Edward VI Chron. & Polit. Papers (1966) (modernized text) 151 One George Paris..who had been a practiser between the Earl of Desmond and other Irish Lords and the French King. c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 158 A perfect practiser against the quiet of this state. a1626 F. Bacon Speech in A. Wilson Five Yeares King Iames (1643) 83 That my lord of Somerset was principall practiser..in a most perfidious manner, to set a traine and trap for Overbury to get into the Tower. a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. II. 43 The Lord Seton..and some other practisers were sent before to raise new troubles. 4. A person who practises (regularly) to gain proficiency in something. Cf. practise v. 2. ΚΠ 1912 Times 12 Mar. 16/3 He may go out [to practise] with the ambition, not of improving his play, but of preventing it from becoming worse... The practiser of this..type may be subdivided into two very different persons. 1920 Musical Times 61 700/1 As to your practices, the only way to avoid being mistaken for an audience paying for admission is for the practisers to stop their ears with red tape. 1989 Music Technol. Oct. 31/3 Even though I was an avid practicer of the acoustic piano, every time something would come out MIDI'd or un-MIDI'd, computerized or uncomputerized, I..tried to..learn it. 2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 19 Apr. 74 The biggest difference between me and my old man is he wasn't a big practiser. I've always wanted to make sure I'm one of the best trainers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1387
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