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单词 po
释义

pon.1

Forms:

α. early Old English pauua, Old English pawa, Old English pawe, Middle English paa (northern), Middle English pae (northern), Middle English pane (transmission error).

β. Middle English po, Middle English poue, Middle English powe, Middle English pro (transmission error), Middle English–1500s poo, 1700s peaw (English regional (Somerset)), 1800s peau (English regional (Staffordshire)).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch pāu (Dutch pauw ), Old Saxon pao (Middle Low German pāwe , pāw , German regional (Low German) pau ), Old High German pfāwo , pfāho , pfāo (Middle High German pfāwe , pfā , German Pfau ), Icelandic , pái , Old Swedish (in pāfughl ; Swedish påfågel ), Old Danish pa , pai (as nickname, beside pofowel peacock; Danish , beside commoner påfugl ) < classical Latin pāvōn- , pāvō peacock (see pawn n.2). The classical Latin word was also borrowed into all of the main Romance languages: see further pawn n.2 Compare pea n.1, peacock n.The form peaw in quot. 1719 at β. is difficult to account for.
Obsolete.
A peacock. feathered with po: with peacock's feathers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > paro cristatus (peafowl) > male or peacock
poeOE
peacockc1175
pawnc1400
pavone1590
bird of Juno1655
α.
eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 43 Pauo, pauua.
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xvi. 196 Fuglas þa þe heard flæsc habbað, pawa, swan, æned.
OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 35 Pauo, pawa.
OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 101 Pauo, pauus, pawe.
?c1350 Ballad Sc. Wars 20 in A. Brandl & O. Zippel Mitteleng. Sprach- u. Literaturproben (1917) 137 (MED) His berd was syde ay large span, And glided [perh. read gilded] als þe fether of pae [rhyme gae, mae].
c1400 Femina (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 61 (MED) More ys worþ þe skyn of a foyn þan songe of asse oþer of pown, i. pane [read paue].
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4983 Þar bade a brid..Was of a port of a paa.
β. a1350 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 27 (MED) A pruest proud ase a po seþþe weddeþ vs bo.a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 2 Paralip. ix. 21 Þe shipis of þe king..broȝten þennys gold & siluer & yuer & apis & poos [a1425 L.V. pokokis, v.r. pekokis].c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. B.15.17) (1975) B. xii. 259 By þe po [c1400 Laud pro] feet is vnderstande..false frendes.c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 6961 (MED) He..fauȝt with him In cors pure, With bowe and arwe fedred with po.1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 5240 (MED) Was neuere þe tayl gayere of a po.c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 136 Aftir thies wordes, was brought yn a Poo by ij. gentilwomen.1719 Philos. Trans. 1717–19 (Royal Soc.) 30 970 Next under the three Coal Veins is the Peaw Vein, so denominated because the Coal is figured with Eyes resembling a Peacock's Tayl,..which Bird in this Country [sc. Somerset] Dialect is called a Peaw.1835 J. Holland Hist. Collieries & Coal Trade 333 In Staffordshire, this beautiful variety is called peau-coal; peau being the provincial appellation of a peacock.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

pon.2

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare Tom Po n. at Tom n.1 Compounds 1b(b).
Obsolete. rare.
Apparently: a small devil or malignant spirit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > little
dabletc1380
deviling1579
devilkin1656
po1678
diablotin1812
devileta1845
demonette1854
1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 80 This is some Pettifogging Fiend,..That undertakes to understand, And Juggles at the Second Hand: And now would pass for Spirit Po, And all Mens Dark Concerns foreknow.
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 117 There was one Mr. Duke, a busy Fanatic, whom old Sir Edward Seymour..used to call Spirit Po; that is, a petit Diable, that was Presto at every Conjurer's Nod.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

P.O.n.3

Brit. /ˌpiːˈəʊ/, U.S. /ˌpiˈoʊ/
Forms: 1800s– P.O., 1800s– PO.
Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: English Post Office.
Etymology: Initialism (perhaps originally simply as a graphic abbreviation) < the initial letters of Post Office (see post office n.). Compare earlier GPO n.
A post office; (also) the Post Office as a service or organization.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > public department providing
Foreign Office1646
post office1652
post1663
post office department1782
P.O.1824
letter-house1832
society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > post office
letter office1635
post-house1635
post office1659
post hut1753
post-shed1753
P.O.1824
station1845
post1848
1824 E. Weeton Jrnl. May (1969) II. 280 I wished to see the General Post Office... I was close by the P.O., and could not tell which was it.
1845 J. G. Harris Let. 12 July in J. K. Polk Corr. (2004) X. 49 These two letters were sent to the P.O. at the same time.
1973 Guardian 18 Apr. 12/3 Is not the ratio of inland to EEC-bound mail such that the PO..would more than cover its costs.
2019 @chapman_atc2502 29 Oct. in twitter.com (accessed 30 Oct. 2019) Paid for Sat delivery but parcel not delivered and no card. Phoned in and told parcel delivered to local P.O.

Compounds

P.O. Box n. (a) a postbox outside the Post Office (obsolete); (b) a private box or pigeonhole at a post office assigned to a person or organization, where letters are kept until requested; = post office box n. (a) at post office n. Compounds 2; cf. box n.2 2h(a).P.O. Boxes in sense (b) are often distinguished by a number, which can be used as part of an address.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > place where letters, etc., may be collected > post office or newspaper box
box1804
call box1826
post office box1836
P.O. Box1846
1846 Voice of Freedom (Brandon, Vermont) 19 Mar. 155/1 As the Post Office is shut.., and I must leave it in the P.O. box to night.., I have thought best to enclose a 5 cent piece in the letter with which you can pay the postage yourself.
1848 N.Y. Herald 14 Oct. Wanted..a suit of rooms, for a single gentleman... Please address P.O. Box 2477.
2002 Hist. Scotl. Jan. 5/1 Delays in subscriptions being forwarded to us from the PO Box..caused a tremendous backlog in our processing orders.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

p'on.4

Brit. /pəʊ/, U.S. /poʊ/
Forms: 1800s peh, 1900s po, 1900s– p'o.
Origin: A borrowing from Chinese. Etymon: Chinese .
Etymology: < Chinese .
In early Chinese thought: the more ‘earthly’ of the two incorporeal souls of a human being, associated with the body and with the principle of yin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > spirituality > mind, soul, spirit, heart > [noun] > of a woman
p'o1850
inner woman1858
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > soul > [noun]
souleOE
spiritc1384
better half1629
atman1785
p'o1850
1850 Chinese Repository 19 611 The Chinese philosophers..regarded man as a microcosm, his constitution and nature formed their model. This model they conceived to consist of a body which had hing..form, and of a hwan,..animus, and a peh,..anima.
1914 D. T. Suzuki Brief Hist. Early Chinese Philos. 44 It is one Animal Soul (po..) that becomes the drought in heaven, the metal on earth, and the animal soul in man.
1934 A. D. Waley Way & its Power 28 P‘o, which originally meant the semen, becomes the female soul, which lodges in the tomb.
1973 J. Blofeld Secret & Sublime ii. 47 How they would rush about, seeking in vain some vehicle to save their hun and p‘o (higher and lower souls) from gradual dissolution into nothingness!
2003 Tai Chi & Alternative Health 37 49/1 The P'o or Corporeal Soul..is that part of our spirit which thrives on the experience of just being alive.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

POn.5

Brit. /ˌpiːˈəʊ/, U.S. /ˌpiˈoʊ/
Forms: 1800s– P.O., 1800s– PO.
Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: English Postal Order.
Etymology: Initialism (perhaps originally simply as a graphic abbreviation) < the initial letters of Postal Order (see postal order n. at postal adj. and n. Compounds).
A form of money order issued by a post office for the payment of a specified sum to a named payee at any post office; (formerly) such an order for one of a number of fixed sums; = postal order n.Rare in North American usage.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > promissory notes or bills of exchange > [noun] > a promissory note or bill of exchange
exchange1485
bill1579
bill1613
hundi1619
assignment1622
cambio1645
note1653
order1673
bank bill1682
banknote1695
assignation1704
promissory note1710
note of hand1728
stiff1823
time bill1842
PO1861
marker1887
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > promissory notes or bills of exchange > [noun] > postal order
post bill1740
money order1802
post-office order1815
order1846
P.O.O.1856
PO1861
postal note1862
postal order1864
mandat1896
M.O.1909
postal draft1929
1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 17 May (1954) III. 415 You are at liberty to imagine a kiss from me, or else to accept a note for it payable at sight. They don't give P.O.'s for such payment here.
1914 John Bull 5 Dec. p. ii By sending this Coupon with P.O. for 2/6..the holder is entitled to receive a..Gold Nibbed Fountain Pen.
2003 Sunday People 16 Mar. Post cheques or POs payable to MGN Ltd to: Boots For Our Troops, The People.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pon.6

Brit. /pəʊ/, U.S. /poʊ/
Inflections: Plural poes, po's, pos.
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: pot de chambre n.
Etymology: Shortened < pot de chambre n. (pronounced with a non-naturalized pronunciation).
colloquial (originally and chiefly British).
A chamber pot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] > chamber-pot, etc.
jordan1402
pissing vessel1440
pisspot1440
urinalc1475
pissing basin1481
piss bowlc1527
chamber vessel?1529
chamber pot1540
pot1568
jordan-pot1577
night-tub1616
looking-glassa1627
water-pot1629
chamber utensil1699
member-mug1699
utensil1699
pot de chambre1777
chanty1788
pig1810
piss bucket1819
chamber1829
jerry1859
po1880
thunder-mug1890
article1922
potty1937
honeypotc1947
totty-pot1966
piss-tin1974
1880 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) III. 517/2 Po, a matula or urinal.
1886 H. Cunliffe Gloss. Rochdale-with-Rossendale Words & Phrases 68 Po, a chamber-pot.
1905 L. Woolf Let. 13 Aug. (1990) 99 I have to help to see that King's House is prepared for him, to reckon out how many fishknives & pillow cases & pos he wants.
1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 643/1 Po, a chamber-pot... Ex the pronunciation of pot in French pot de chambre.
1950 G. Wilson Brave Company (1951) xi. 201 There was a great white china po hanging on the wall near the roof.
1982 R. Davies High Spirits xvi. 172 They seemed to have no idea of the comforts of an eighteenth-century house, and so they admired all the po-boxes in the bedrooms.
2001 J. Boyle Galloway Street 7 I..do a pee in the po that's kept under the bed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Pon.7

Brit. /ˌpiːˈəʊ/, U.S. /ˌpiˈoʊ/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: polonium n.
Etymology: Symbolic abbreviation for polonium n.
Chemistry.
The element polonium.
ΚΠ
1910 Chem. Abstr. 4 1422 Polonium... There was obtained 200g. of material 3500 times more active than U in which Po was the only radioactive element.
1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 240 The radioactivity of the wastes arises from the fission products 89Sr, 90Sr,..210Po.., and uranium.
1988 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 5) xiii. 497 When heated, S, Se, Te, and Po burn in air to give the dioxides MO2.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

po'adj.n.8

Brit. /pəʊ/, U.S. /poʊ/
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: poor adj.; poor n.1
Etymology: In use as adjective representing a regional pronunciation of poor adj.; in use as noun representing a regional pronunciation of poor n.1 Compare po'ly adj.1 and adv.
regional and nonstandard (chiefly U.S.).
A. adj.
= poor adj. (in various senses).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective]
evil971
lowc1175
poor?c1225
feeblec1275
vilea1300
petty1372
unthende1377
secondary1386
petitc1390
unmeeta1393
illa1400
commonc1400
coarse1424
indigent1426
unlikelyc1450
lesser1464
gross1474
naughty1526
inferior1531
reprobate?1545
slender1577
unlikely1578
puny1579
under1580
wooden1592
sordid1596
puisne1598
provant1601
subministrant1604
inferious1607
sublunary1624
indifferent1638
undermatched1642
unworthy1646
underly1648
turncoated1650
female1652
undergraduate1655
farandinical1675
baddishc1736
ungenerous1745
understrapping1762
tinnified1794
demi-semi1805
shabby1805
dicky1819
poor white1821
tin-pot1838
deterior1848
substandard1850
crumby1859
cheesy1863
po'1866
not-quite1867
rocky1873
mouldy1876
low-grade1878
sketchy1878
midget1879
junky1880
ullaged1892
abysmal1904
bodgie1905
junk1908
crap1936
ropy1941
bodger1945
two-star1951
tripey1955
manky1958
schlocky1960
cack1978
wank1991
bowf1994
the mind > emotion > compassion > quality of exciting pity > [adjective]
armlyeOE
unseelyOE
rulyOE
ruefulc1225
ruthfulc1225
sorryc1225
piteousc1300
poorc1300
ruthlyc1300
pietousa1393
pitifulc1450
lamentablec1460
miserable?a1475
pitiablec1475
execrable1490
plainful1555
tristsum1567
passionatea1586
touchinga1586
pathetic1591
melting1593
remorseful?1615
compassionate1630
compassionable1635
ruesome1833
po'1866
little-boy-lost1957
the mind > possession > poverty > [adjective] > poor
havelessOE
unrichOE
waedlec1000
armOE
nakedOE
helplessc1175
wantsomec1175
poora1200
barec1220
needfula1225
misease?c1225
unwealya1300
needyc1325
feeblec1330
poorful1372
mischievousc1390
miseasedc1390
indigentc1400
meanc1400
naughtyc1400
succourless1412
unwealthyc1412
behove1413
misterousa1425
misterfulc1480
miserablec1485
beggarly1545
starved1563
threadbare1577
penurious1590
fortuneless1596
wealthless1605
wantful1607
necessitous1611
inopulent1613
titheless1615
egene1631
starveling1638
necessitated1646
inopious1656
parsimonious1782
unopulent1782
lacking1805
bushed1819
obolary1820
ill-to-do1853
down at heel1856
po'1866
needsome1870
down-at-heeled1884
rocky1921
1866 W. Reid After War 291 The man whom most of all they used to ‘decorate with their censure’, ‘the drunken tailor from the mountains’, ‘the po' white demagogue’, was now the unfortunate subject of their warmest eulogies.
1873 ‘M. Twain’ Gilded Age ii. 32 Goodness knows what's to become o' that po' boy.
1882 M. R. Banks Bright Days in Old Plantation Time ii. 30 She wan' no trubble in de worl', like mos' all de po' white trash iz.
1911 F. W. Rolt-Wheeler Boy with U.S. Census 47 The po' white..is goin' to be only a memory like the backwoodsman o' the time o' Dan'l Boone.
1926 Opportunity Mar. 84/1 Dey kilt my po' daddy.
1968 Globe Mag. (Toronto) 17 Feb. 18/4 Grey Owl..was Archie Bellaney, born..to a ne'er-do-well Englishman and..a po' white girl from Florida.
1999 Y June 6/1 The black man, of course he was po', (yeah). The white man, he was rich (uh ha), and the Asian man, he owned a store (alright, c'mon).
B. n.8
= poor n.1
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor people or the poor
waedlec888
needfula1200
needya1225
poorc1225
God's poorc1230
porailc1325
porailsa1425
povertya1450
poorality1536
God's poverty1563
miserable1582
necessitous1622
necessitated1638
ptochocracy1831
fallen1878
worse off1890
po'1945
1945 Gumbo Ya Ya (Writers' Program, Louisiana) ii. 27 I sell to the rich, I sell to the po'; I'm gonna sell the lady Standin' in that do'.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1eOEn.21678n.31824n.41850n.51861n.61880n.71910adj.n.81866
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