praetorialadj.n.

Brit.

/prᵻˈtɔːrɪəl/,

/priːˈtɔːrɪəl/,

/prʌɪˈtɔːrɪəl/, U.S.

/prəˈtɔriəl/

Forms: 1500s praetoriall, 1600s pretoriall, 1600s– pretorial, 1700s– praetorial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin praetōrius , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < classical Latin praetōrius of or belonging to a praetor ( < praetor praetor n. + -ius , suffix forming adjectives) + -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French prétorial (c1355), Spanish pretorial (1385), Italian pretoriale (a1604), all in sense ‘of or belonging to a praetor’. Compare earlier praetoral adj., praetorian adj.In the specific use in sense A. 3 after Spanish pretorial in audiencia pretorial, real audiencia pretorial.

A. adj.

1. Roman History. = praetorian adj. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > Roman magistrates and officials > [adjective] > praetor

praetoralc1550

praetorial1579

praetorian1598

praetorical1639

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 917 [Vatinius] came verie arrogantly one day vnto Cicero being in his Prætoriall seate, and asked him a thing which Cicero woulde not graunt him there.

1630 E. Cary tr. J. D. Du Perron Reply to Answeare of King iii. vi. 167 Before Constantines tyme, the pretoriall Prefecture was not yet diuided into fowre Pretoriall Prefectures, of Italie, of Gallia, of Illiria, and of the East.

1694 N. H. Ladies Dict. 184 Amesia, a Modest Roman Lady, being falsly accused of a great Crime, and ready to incur the Pretorial Sentence; she with a Manly yet Modest Courage stept up.

1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires i. vii. 24 What time o'er Asia with pretorial sway Great Brutus ruled [L. Bruto praetore tenente ditem Asiam].

1760 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. 37 Those occasional declarations of law called the prætorial edicts.

1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire I. iv. 158 Caesar..continued to administer his prætorial functions.

1885 J. G. Frazer in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 885/1 Thus the distinction between consular (or proconsular) and prætorial (or proprætorial) provinces varied from year to year with the military exigencies of different parts of the empire.

1963 G. P. Welch Britannia, Rom. Conquest & Occup. of Brit. 47 Legion commanders were carefully selected Romans who had reached praetorial rank in progress through a succession of civil and military assignments.

2001 tr. Plutarch in C. A. Barton Fire in Bones 216 The praetorial tribunal of Brutus himself was daily found covered with such writings as these: ‘Brutus, art thou asleep?’

†2. North American Pretorial court n. a court in colonial Maryland, presided over by the lord proprietor or his lieutenant-general and two members of the Council of State, with jurisdiction over capital and other serious crimes (cf. sense B.). Obsolete. rare.The court was created by statute in 1638, but there is no evidence of its existence after 1640, when the statute expired.

ΚΠ

1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 51 This Court..Shall be a Court of Record and Shall be called the pretoriall or the pretoriall Court, and the said Pretoriall shall or may..exercise..Jurisdictions within this Province.

3. Relating to the rule or jurisdiction of a civil-law magistrate or praetor (praetor n. 1). Now spec. (in form pretorial) relating to a superior court in a Spanish colony. historical. Cf. praetorian adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal power > [adjective] > type of legal power or authority

concurrent?1530

arbitrary1581

praetorian1622

habitual1656

praetoriala1688

a1688 W. Clagett Seventeen Serm. (1699) 10 Confession to a priest, with attrition, being reckoned sufficient to receive a pretorial absolution, which shall be valid in heaven.

1708 J. Chamberlayne Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. x. 329 Some of those [Lads] that have been put to Trades, have arrived to the highest Dignities in the City, even the Prætorial Chair hath been filled with one of these.

1741 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 158/1 A Dialogue between a Country Gentleman and a Burgher. Occasioned by a prætorial Entertainment in the Isle of Wight.

1853 Let. in Case of Black Warrior (1854) (U.S. Dept. of State) 229 The affair being one concerning the landing on this island of negroes from Africa..the investigation of it belongs to the real audiencia pretorial (superior court of judicature).]

1919 Hispanic Amer. Hist. Rev. 2 652 It is quite certain that the governor of Montevideo did not hear many matters in the last instance, and that they were referred to the authority of the viceroy or to the pretorial audiencia at Buenos Aires.

1977 M. A. Burkholder & D. S. Chandler Spanish Crown & Amer. Audiencias 3 Whatever a new appointee's background, the chances were good that his first audiencia position would be in one of the nine inferior or pretorial tribunals.

†B. n.

North American. In colonial Maryland: a court for the trial of capital and other serious crimes, consisting of the lord proprietor or his lieutenant general, and two members of the Council of State. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in U.S.

General Court1628

county court1639

praetorial1639

precinct court1669

supreme bench1767

Supreme Court1787

justice court1793

oyer and terminer1840

circuit-court1843

chancery1850

1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 50 (heading) An Act For the erecting of a Pretoriall.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	praetorial
释义	praetorialadj.n. Brit. /prᵻˈtɔːrɪəl/, /priːˈtɔːrɪəl/, /prʌɪˈtɔːrɪəl/, U.S. /prəˈtɔriəl/ Forms: 1500s praetoriall, 1600s pretoriall, 1600s– pretorial, 1700s– praetorial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin praetōrius , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin praetōrius of or belonging to a praetor ( < praetor praetor n. + -ius , suffix forming adjectives) + -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French prétorial (c1355), Spanish pretorial (1385), Italian pretoriale (a1604), all in sense ‘of or belonging to a praetor’. Compare earlier praetoral adj., praetorian adj.In the specific use in sense A. 3 after Spanish pretorial in audiencia pretorial, real audiencia pretorial. A. adj. 1. Roman History. = praetorian adj. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > Roman magistrates and officials > [adjective] > praetor praetoralc1550 praetorial1579 praetorian1598 praetorical1639 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 917 [Vatinius] came verie arrogantly one day vnto Cicero being in his Prætoriall seate, and asked him a thing which Cicero woulde not graunt him there. 1630 E. Cary tr. J. D. Du Perron Reply to Answeare of King iii. vi. 167 Before Constantines tyme, the pretoriall Prefecture was not yet diuided into fowre Pretoriall Prefectures, of Italie, of Gallia, of Illiria, and of the East. 1694 N. H. Ladies Dict. 184 Amesia, a Modest Roman Lady, being falsly accused of a great Crime, and ready to incur the Pretorial Sentence; she with a Manly yet Modest Courage stept up. 1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires i. vii. 24 What time o'er Asia with pretorial sway Great Brutus ruled [L. Bruto praetore tenente ditem Asiam]. 1760 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. 37 Those occasional declarations of law called the prætorial edicts. 1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire I. iv. 158 Caesar..continued to administer his prætorial functions. 1885 J. G. Frazer in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 885/1 Thus the distinction between consular (or proconsular) and prætorial (or proprætorial) provinces varied from year to year with the military exigencies of different parts of the empire. 1963 G. P. Welch Britannia, Rom. Conquest & Occup. of Brit. 47 Legion commanders were carefully selected Romans who had reached praetorial rank in progress through a succession of civil and military assignments. 2001 tr. Plutarch in C. A. Barton Fire in Bones 216 The praetorial tribunal of Brutus himself was daily found covered with such writings as these: ‘Brutus, art thou asleep?’ †2. North American Pretorial court n. a court in colonial Maryland, presided over by the lord proprietor or his lieutenant-general and two members of the Council of State, with jurisdiction over capital and other serious crimes (cf. sense B.). Obsolete. rare.The court was created by statute in 1638, but there is no evidence of its existence after 1640, when the statute expired. ΚΠ 1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 51 This Court..Shall be a Court of Record and Shall be called the pretoriall or the pretoriall Court, and the said Pretoriall shall or may..exercise..Jurisdictions within this Province. 3. Relating to the rule or jurisdiction of a civil-law magistrate or praetor (praetor n. 1). Now spec. (in form pretorial) relating to a superior court in a Spanish colony. historical. Cf. praetorian adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal power > [adjective] > type of legal power or authority concurrent?1530 arbitrary1581 praetorian1622 habitual1656 praetoriala1688 a1688 W. Clagett Seventeen Serm. (1699) 10 Confession to a priest, with attrition, being reckoned sufficient to receive a pretorial absolution, which shall be valid in heaven. 1708 J. Chamberlayne Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. x. 329 Some of those [Lads] that have been put to Trades, have arrived to the highest Dignities in the City, even the Prætorial Chair hath been filled with one of these. 1741 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 158/1 A Dialogue between a Country Gentleman and a Burgher. Occasioned by a prætorial Entertainment in the Isle of Wight. 1853 Let. in Case of Black Warrior (1854) (U.S. Dept. of State) 229 The affair being one concerning the landing on this island of negroes from Africa..the investigation of it belongs to the real audiencia pretorial (superior court of judicature).] 1919 Hispanic Amer. Hist. Rev. 2 652 It is quite certain that the governor of Montevideo did not hear many matters in the last instance, and that they were referred to the authority of the viceroy or to the pretorial audiencia at Buenos Aires. 1977 M. A. Burkholder & D. S. Chandler Spanish Crown & Amer. Audiencias 3 Whatever a new appointee's background, the chances were good that his first audiencia position would be in one of the nine inferior or pretorial tribunals. †B. n. North American. In colonial Maryland: a court for the trial of capital and other serious crimes, consisting of the lord proprietor or his lieutenant general, and two members of the Council of State. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in U.S. General Court1628 county court1639 praetorial1639 precinct court1669 supreme bench1767 Supreme Court1787 justice court1793 oyer and terminer1840 circuit-court1843 chancery1850 1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 51 This Court..Shall be a Court of Record and Shall be called the pretoriall or the pretoriall Court, and the said Pretoriall shall or may..exercise..Jurisdictions within this Province. 1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 50 (heading) An Act For the erecting of a Pretoriall. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1579
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