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单词 polysome
释义

polysomen.

Brit. /ˈpɒlɪsəʊm/, U.S. /ˈpɑliˌsoʊm/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -some comb. form.
Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -some comb. form; in sense 1 after ribosome n., in sense 2 after polysomatic adj. (see sense 1b at that entry).
1. Cell Biology. A cluster of ribosomes held together by a strand of messenger RNA which each ribosome is translating. Also called polyribosome.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > nucleic acid > RNA > ribosome
ribosome1958
polyribosome1962
polysome1962
monosome1964
1962 J. R. Warner et al. in Science 28 Dec. 1399/2 We have been able to show that the site of hemoglobin synthesis in vivo is not the single ribosome but rather a cluster of ribosomal particles, which we have called a ‘polyribosome’ or simply a polysome.
1970 New Scientist 15 Oct. 113/1 This reticulum is a series of intracellular membranes which carry on them the polysomes (messenger RNA and ribosomes) thought to be responsible for the biosynthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell.
1991 D. J. Weatherall New Genetics & Clin. Pract. (ed. 3) iii. 40 This takes place on polysomes, groups of ribosomes that have become attached to mRNA and carry the growing peptide chains.
2. Mineralogy. A polysomatic mineral.
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1978 J. B. Thompson in Amer. Mineralogist 63 243/2 The physical phenomenon in organic chemistry is quite different from that in crystals... We shall therefore use the term polysome..for a crystal such as that of an amphibole that can be regarded as made of chemically distinct layer modules.
1990 European Jrnl. Mineral. 2 203 The position of these minerals as polysomes within the polysomatic series having pyroxene and spinel as end-members is stressed.
2004 Amer. Mineralogist 89 147 The modulated crystal structure of an antigorite polysome with m = 17 was refined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1962
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